Section 1Listening Comprehension
    Directions:
    This section is designed test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded material and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are 3 parts in this section£¬ Part A, Part B and Part C.
    Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in the text booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer your answers from your text booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.
    Now look at Part A in your test booklet.

    Part A
    Directions:
    For questions 1-5 you will hear a conversation about checking out between a cashier and a tour guide. Listen to it and fill the table with the information you¬ðve heard. Some of the information has been given to in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)
    Information about the tripName of the tour guide¡¼¡½JennyRoom number of the tour guide¡¼¡½¡¼¡½1The activity the guest would do after leaving the hotel¡¼¡½¡¼¡½2Total bill asked by the cashier¡¼¡½$¡¼¡½3The item paid by Ms. Smith¡¼¡½Long distance phone callThe amount of money of longª²distance phone call¡¼¡½$¡¼¡½4Type of check paid for bill¡¼¡½¡¼¡½5

    Part B
    Directions:
    For questions 6-10, you will hear a talk about the New Year in different countries. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use no more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)
    When do countries of America and Europe welcome the New Year?¡¼¡½¡¼¡½6
    In of all the countries there is a practice of¡¼¡½¡¼¡½7
    What tools do Japanese use to drive away the evil?¡¼¡½¡¼¡½8
    The words of the Scottish song tell old friends to¡¼¡½¡¼¡½9
    What kind of food does American eat on New Year¬ðs Eve?¡¼¡½¡¼¡½10

    Part C
    Directions:
    You will hear 3 pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear each piece only once.

    Questions 11-13 are based on a conversation about looking for a flat. You now have 15 seconds questions 11-13.
    11. Susan is reading newspapers to  .
    A. find a flat for her ownB. go through all the advertisement
    C. see if there is anyone who wants to share a flatD. find a rental flat sharing with others
    12. Why does Susan say ¡°would be a marvelous place¡±?
    A. The price is cheap.
    B. She can take Number 10 Bus there to go to work.
    C. Rooms are enough and wellª²equipped.D. The environment is good.
    13. From Susan¬ðs answer we can guess that .
    A. she is content with the flatB. Sara and Mary will object
    C. she will rent the flat immediately after talking with David
    D. she doesn¬ðt mind the noise outside the flat even though she stays in all day

    Questions 14-16 are based on a talk about social crime. You now have 15 seconds to read the questions 14-16.
    14. According to the man, the woman should ensure her apartment wellª²protected because  .
    A. she lives alone
    B. she is too careless about what happened to her neighbor
    C. it¬ðs unsafe to keep valuable asset at home now since a burglary just happened
    D. she doesn¬ðt know how to protect herself
    15. The burglar stole all the valuable things from the Taylor¬ðs apartment by .
    A. smashing their windows and taking them by violence
    B. forcing the them to hand out everything
    C. cooperating  with a buddy who passed out things at front door
    D. transferring  everything down the fire escape
    16. How did the Taylor family react to the burglary?
    A. They stayed in bed and pretended to be asleep.
    B. They called the police when they heard the burglar.
    C. They were so afraid that they did nothing.
    D. They fought against the burglar and got everything back.

    Questions 17-20 are based on a report about a famous singer Elvis Presley in America. You now have 20 seconds to read the questions 17-20.
    17. According to the report, why Elvis Presley is regarded as an American myth?
    A. Because he died at an early age.
    B. Because there are many Elvis fan clubs worldwide.
    C. Because of his songs and movies.
    D. Because he is a successful symbol of American dream.
    18. Elves died at the age of .
    A. 23B. 62C. 54D. 39
    19. According to the speaker, Elvis is an example .
    A. who achieved success by good luck
    B. rising from a wealthy or politically powerful family
    C. who became successful only after death
    D. who achieved his dream through his talent by himself
    20. From the end of the talk, which one best describes the attitude of Elvis¬ð fan towards him?
    A. They despise him because of his drug dependency and other excessive behavior.
    B. They admire his success in music only.
    C. They prefer to remember his good deeds when he was alive.
    D. They don¬ðt understand why he never forgot his hometown and people there.

    You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.
    Warmingª²up Stage
    Day 1¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. Dr.Black wasn¬ðt born until 1934.
    Q: When was Dr.Black born? (A)
    2. I¬ðd like to phone 682248.
    Q: What is the phone number I¬ðd like to call?  (C)
    3. You can find women¬ðs sweaters on Page 4,women¬ðs shoes on Page13, and men¬ðs suits on Page 7.
    Q: Which page is women¬ðs shoes on? (B)
    4. Los Angeles to Chicago is 2ª°054 kilometers.
    Q: How long is it from Los Angeles to Chicago?  (A)
    5. The population of Cairo is 5ª°500ª°000.
    Q: What is the population of Cairo?  (B)
    6. George gives the assistant a pound for 70 pence.
    Q: How much money should George pay?  (C)
    7. A large bottle of aspirin is 87 pence.
    Q: How many pence is the price of a large bottle of aspirin. (B)
    8. The address given by the man is 1120,East 32nd Street.
    Q: Where does the man live? (B)
    9. Sally Green used to get up at 6 a.m.
    Q: When did Sally Green get up? (A)
    10. She swam 35 miles every week.
    Q: How many miles did she swim every week? (C)

    Part B
    1.  W: If any of you help me, I could finish this job before four o¬ðclock.
    M: I would like to, but I can¬ðt. Mr. Bush told me to type some letter before I go home.
    Q: Why can¬ðt the man help the woman?£¨D£©
    2. M: It would be easier to drive if there were no other cars on the road.
    W: Did you bring your license this time?
    Q: What would the man prefer? (D)
    3.   M: I¬ðd like to buy that book, but I don¬ðt have any money.
    W: I¬ðll lend you some if you promise to pay me back with in two weeks.
    Q: Can the man buy the book? (D)
    4.  M: Will you please change the channel? I can¬ðt put up with such a program!
    W: If you can just wait for a minute, the news will be on next.
    Q: What are these people doing? (A)
    5. M: Are you feeling better?
    W: Somewhat. I still have a slight headache though.
    Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (C)
    6. M: The guests are leaving for Washington today on the eight o¬ðclock flight. We need someone to get them there on time.
    W: Ordinarily, I¬ðd be happy to, but my car is in the garage.
    Q: How are the guests going to Washington? (B)
    7. M: Can you tell me when I can get an appointment for my son¬ðs dental checkª²up?
    W: Let¬ðs see. The dentist is fully booked on Monday and Tuesday. Also for Wednesday morning. He is taking Friday off. So we can fit you into his free time this week.
    Q: What choice does the man have? (C)
    8.  W: You are always working around the house on Saturday, painting and doing repairs. You must enjoy it.
    M: Not really. I¬ðd rather relax or go fishing, but Saturday is the only day I have to get anything done.
    Q:  What does the man usually do on Saturday? (D)
    9. M: I¬ðm going now.
    W: Please get me some airmail stamps and an aerogram.
    Q: Where does the woman expect the man to go? (D)
    10.  W: Jim, Do you think you can go into the kitchen for a second? There is something I¬ðd like you to look at.
    M: Uhª²uh. Just let me finish this page and I will be right there.
    Q: What has the man been doing? (A)

    Part C
¡¡¡¡¢ñ
    1. culture2. wealth3. scenery4. preservation5. participated
    6. included7. offerings8. attention9. belongs10. heritage
    ¢ò
    1. it is essentially a social phenomenon
    2. Time changes these rules
    3. acceptable to laugh at the infirmities
    4. smile at the reproaches of others
    5. college professors should look serious
  
¡¡¡¡Day 2¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. He became famous at 15.
    Q: When did he become wellª²known ? (D)
    2. Jean Williamson¬ðs phone number is 7824145.
    Q: What is Jean Williamson¬ðs phone number? (C)
    3. The radio is 1960 model. About 20 pounds, I¬ðm afraid.
    Q: When was the radio made? (D)
    4. We have tickets at 4.50 pounds, 5.50 pounds and 6 pounds.
    Q: Except 4.50 and 6 pounds, which price of ticket do we still have? (C)
    5. The woman wants half a pound of butter.
    Q: What does the woman want to buy? (B)
    6. True Value is going to sell the car for 72.64 dollars.
    Q: How much is the car? (A)
    7. The man would like his money in ten fiveª²pound notes.
    Q: What kind of notes would the man like to get? (B)
    8. You¬ðll have your exams on 4th July.
    Q: What is the date of the exam? (D)
    9. I would like to book a double room with bath for two weeks.
    Q: How long would she like to book a double room with a bath? (B)
    10. The biggest Vª²neck grey pullover the shop has is a size 36.
    Q: What is the biggest size the shop has? (C)

    Part B
    1. M: Tom is certainly in a good mood.
    W: The bargain he got on his new sweater made him very happy.
    Q: What does the woman say about Tom (C)
    2. M: Jean, you look troubled.
    W: I am. I am having difficulty deciding on a topic for my history paper.
    Q: Why does Jean look troubled? (A)
    3. M: Here I am. I¬ðm lucky I made it to the exam on time.
    W: I can see you were in a hurry. You were wearing your sweater inside out.
    Q: What happened to the man? (D)
    4. M: Your son certainly shows a lot of enthusiasm on the tennis court.
    W: I only wish he¬ðd show as much for his study.
    Q: What does the woman imply about her son? (C)
    5. M: Did you like the film?
    W: I couldn¬ðt make any sense out of it.
    Q: What does the woman feel about the film? (B)
    6. W: Has the city airport ever been closed because of the bad weather?
    M: Only a couple of times.
    Q: What can we learn about the airport? (C)
    7. M: I¬ðm having trouble filling out this application form.
    W: Take it line by line and it won¬ðt seem so hard?
    Q: What does the woman suggest? (D)
    8. W: Didn¬ðt I see you going into the administration building this afternoon?
    M: I need to switch my computer class to the ten o¬ðclock section.
    Q: What does the man mean? (D)
    9. W: We should spend this weekend at the beach.
    M: How about the whole week?
    Q: What does the man mean? (B)
    10. W: It is no use, Tom. The people next door to us are making so much noise that I can¬ðt read this book.
    M: Why didn¬ðt you stay in the library and it is much quieter there.
    Q: What does Tom imply? (C)

    Part C
¡¡¡¡¢ñ
    1. become2. adding3. exchange4. discussion5. regional
    6. guiding7. frameworks8. positive9. stability10. enhancing
    ¢ò
    1. have enough money to pay for his trip
    2. There is another drawback
    3. the expense of building rocket ships
    4. the government or to a few big corporations
    5. will have to have influence

    Day 3¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
¡¡¡¡1. He started to feel uneasy on 30th January.
    Q: When did he begin to feel uneasy? (B)
    2. Breakfast is served in the guest¬ðs rooms in that hotel from eight to ten.
    Q: When is the Breakfast served in the guest¬ðs rooms? (C)
    3. The press conference began at 9:50 this morning.
    Q: When did the conference begin? (C)
    4. Polls closed late Sunday with election officials reporting turnout at about 14%.
    Q: What is the result of the poll? (B)
    5. The report predicts economic growth will slow to as little as 1.15%.
    Q: What is the rate of the economic growth? (B)
    6. The House of Representatives has already approved the 15ª²billion dollars measure.
    Q: What is the amount of the measure? (C)
    7. The International Monetary Fund is nearing a decision to release a 4.5ª²billion dollars loan to Russia.
    Q: What is the amount of the loan? (A)
    8. The European stocks are lower in the late session trading down about 2.15% in London.
    Q: What is the percentage of the trading? (C)
    9. The press conference began at 10 promptly this morning.
    Q: Which of the following statements is correct? (A)
    10. I have a fortnight¬ðs vacation coming up in a month and I want to take a trip somewhere.
    Q: How long is the speaker¬ðs vacation? (A)

    Part B
    1. M: How did you ever finish that long novel so fast?
    W: It was fun to read. But what was hard was remembering all the characters¬ð name.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (A)
    2. M: Hurry, there is a bus coming now.
    W: Why run? There will be anther one in one or two minutes.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (D)
    3. W: Do you think you can have that report done soon?
    M: Will Friday do?
    Q: What does the man mean? (B)
    4. M: That test is supposed to be easy.
    W: Not many people do well in it though, do they?
    Q: What does the woman think about the test? (C)
    5. W: I hope it would not be inconvenient for Mike to drive us to the station.
    M: Would it be easier if we just took a taxi?
    Q: What does the man actually mean? (D)
    6. W: Parry saw John at the theatre.
    M: Where?
    Q: What is the man asking about? (A)
    7. M: We just saw Joe when we were in Chicago.
    W: Really? What¬ðs new with him?
    Q: What does the woman want to know? (B)
    8. W: Eggs are supposed to be one of the most healthy food.
    M: Next to potatoes.
    Q: What does the man mean? (D)
    9. W: Congratulations! I understand you have got a job. When do you start to work?
    M: You must be thinking about someone else. I¬ðm still waiting.
    Q: What does the man mean? (B)
    10. M: Would you like a copy of this paper?
    W: Thanks, if it is not too much trouble?
    Q: What does the woman mean? (D)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. devoted2. doctrine3. methods4. indifference5. understanding
    6. wrong7. conscience8. imprisoned9. corruption10. entreaties
    ¢ò
    1. a mighty earthmover with sufficient strength to cut rock
    2. some of it evaporates and some of it sinks
    3. commencing its lengthy journey from brook to lake
    4. gnaw at the sides and bottom of its channel
    5. enormous amounts of mud and rock are moved

    Day 4¡¼*3/4¡½
¡¡¡¡Part A
¡¡¡¡1. Mary used to read 4 books monthly, but now she can read twice as many.
    Q: How many books can Mary read per month now? (C)
    2. The coach should have arrived at 8, but it didn¬ðt until 8:30.
    Q: When should the coach have arrived? (C)
    3. Christine ran as fast as she could to catch the early train, unfortunately she missed it by 3 minutes.
    Q: According to the statement, which is true about Christine?  (B)
    4. I had expected the repairs to cost around 20 dollars, but they actually charged me three times as much.
    Q: What actually happened? (B)
    5. Lufthansa Flight LH 203 leaves at 9:20.
    Q: When does the flight leave? (A)
    6. The bank is open from Monday to Friday from 9:30 a.m. till 3 p.m.
    Q: Which of these statements is correct? (C)
    7. You can hire the house for 8 pounds 50 a week excluding laundry.
    Q: What is the rent? (C)
    8. The finally appointed time is ten to one tomorrow.
    Q: What is the result? (B)
    9. The current rate of interest is twentyª²three per cent.
    Q: What is the rate of interest? (A)
    10. Divide nine by two and you get four point five.
    Q: What is the final result? (C)

    Part B
    1. M: Of the two houses we saw today, which one do you prefer?
    W: I think the white one is prettier, but the brick one has a larger yard, so I like it better.
    Q: Why does the woman think the brick house is better than the white one? (A)
    2. W: Have you seen my uncle Ed?
    M: Yes, his long red beard makes him stand out from the others.
    Q: What does the man mean? (B)
    3. M: I can really use a small computer like that one for my mathematics homework.
    W: Why don¬ðt you go in and see what they cost here. It looks like they are having a sale.
    Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? (D)
    4. M: You really seem to enjoy your literature classes.
    W: I sure do! It¬ðs opened new worlds for me. I¬ðm exposed to the thoughts of some of the world¬ðs best writers. I¬ðve never read so much in my life.
    Q: Why does the woman get so excited? (B)
    5. W: You seem to have a lot of work in your office. You are always staying late and working overtime.
    M: That¬ðs true, but it is no bother to me. The work is interesting and fun. I don¬ðt mind extra hours at all.
    Q: How does the man feel about his job? (D)
    6. M: What have you been doing these past two years?
    W: Has it really been that long? How time flies!
    Q: What does the woman mean? (B)
    7. M: I¬ðd like to drive to the concert, but my brother has the car tonight.
    W: Who needs a car? We can take the subway if we go a little earlier.
    Q: What does the woman suggest? (C)
    8. W: Did you see Susan in the business office?
    M: Yes, she was applying for a student loan.
    Q: What was Susan doing? (B)
    9. M: Shall I put this equipment away now that you have finished with the lab work?
    W: Not yet, please.
    Q: What will the man probably do? (A)
    10. W: Bill climb up that steep roof to rescue that cat.
    M: That took a lot of nerve.
    Q: What does the man mean? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. intangible2. physical3. demands4. caved5. materials
    6. structures7. conquest8. ultimately9. influence10. overrun
    ¢ò
    1. evidence brought together by careful research
    2. must first be skinned
    3. create a mold of the animal in a certain pose
    4. Then muscle forms are built
    5. the skin is pulled over the shell

    Day 5¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
¡¡¡¡1. Usually I work from nine or nineª²thirty until twelve but after that I have nothing to do.
    Q: Which of the following statements is NOT correct? (C)
    2. I have two children, my son is three and my daughter is six months old.
    Q: How old is my son? (C)
    3. They meet each other at least once a week, but twice as much this week.
    Q: How many times do they usually meet per week? (A)
    4. The concert starts at 8 o¬ðclock, but it really begins one hour later.
    Q: When does the concert start? (D)
    5. Go up this two blocks, turn right at the third traffic lights, and you¬ðll see the hospital 100 meters ahead.
    Q: How many traffic lights will the person pass? (A)
    6. Our anniversary is on October 13.
    Q: When is the anniversary? (C)
    7. I will have a class party at 8:00 this Sunday.
    Q: Which of the statements is correct? (D)
    8. This steak is $15, and the salad is $10, but you can get both for $20.
    Q: What is the price for salad? (A)
    9. My password of my Eª²mail is 1836495.
    Q: What is the Eª²mail password? (D)
    10. It¬ðs half pass ten now, I must sleep in ten minutes.
    Q: What is the time when I get to sleep? (B)

    Part B
    1. W: Is this line for purchasing tickets?
    M: Yes. But all they have left tickets for the late performance.
    Q: What can we know from the conversation? (B)
    2. W: I¬ðm off to Canada tomorrow.
    M: You¬ðd better take something to keep warm. The weather there is not what you are used to.
    Q: What can we know about the weather in Canada? (C)
    3. W: Could you change a fortyª²dollar bill?
    M: Forty? I hope I can, but that would take all the changes I have got.
    Q: What does the man imply? (B)
    4. W: Your living room looks beautiful. Did you paint it yourself?
    M: Of course not. I paid my young brother to do it.
    Q: What has been known about the man¬ðs living room? (B)
    5. M: Did the Chares come to your Party?
    W: Not only did they turn up, but they brought two strangers with them.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (C)
    6. W: Robert, can you tell me how many people have been promoted to professors this time?
    M: Off the top of my head, I¬ðm afraid I don¬ðt know.
    Q: What does Robert mean? (A)
    7. W: John, how are you? I heard you were sick.
    M: They must have confused me with someone else. I¬ðve never felt better.
    Q: What does the man mean? (C)
    8. W: Bill, are you still planning to buy that nice white sports car you looked at last week?
    M: I¬ðm afraid it¬ðs impossible because I haven¬ðt been able to come up with the cash, and someone else has already made a down payment on it.
    Q: What do we learn from this conversation? (D)
    9. M: That¬ðs a nice bike. Is it new?
    W: No, I got it almost five years ago, but it¬ðs still in good condition.
    Q: What do we know about the woman¬ðs bike? (C)
    10. W: Fasten your seat belt, sir.
    M: Of course, I didn¬ðt realize that we were going to land so soon.
    Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. suffocating2. lifted3. summer¬ðs4. fifty5. predicted
    6. break7. shortages8. livestock9. covering10. core
    ¢ò
    1. he must keep constant watch for
    2. measures twenty feet in length
    3. cut a man in two with a single bite
    4. they can be sighted at a considerable distance
    5. a diver is killed by one of these creatures

    Day 6¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. Today is Tuesday, I¬ðm going to watch a movie with my friends the day after tomorrow.
    Q:  When shall we go to watch a movie (C)
    2. The class began at 8 o¬ðclock, but I was late by a hour.
    Q:  When did I arrive at the meeting? (D)
    3. In my high school, we had fifteen English classes and sixteen mathematics classes in one week.
    Q:   How many mathematics classes did we have? (B)
    4. When I was born, my mother was twentyª²five years old. Now I am twenty years old.
    Q:  How old is my mother now?(A)
    5. My sister was born in 1983, my brother was 15 years older than her.
    Q:  When was my brother born?(D)
    6. John bought a 25ª²dollar ball pen on sale for half price.
    Q: What is the ball pen¬ðs original price?(C)
    7. I bought fifteen towels, and I gave the shop assistant a fiftyª²yuan note and she returned five yuan to me.
    Q:  What is the price of the towels.(B)
    8. When it is 15:00 hours GMT, it is 23:00 hours in Beijing.
    Q: What is the time when it is 02:00 GMT?(C)
    9. I woke up at 7:30, knowing the appointment was at 8:45. But despite all my plans I still got there at 9:05.
    Q: How late was the speaker for the appointment?(A)
    10. Mr. Dawson bought a 30ª²dollar sweater for 18 dollars on the 13th of July.
    Q: How much money did Mr. Dawson save for the sweater?(A)

    Part B
    1. M: Please buy a ticket after getting on the bus.
    W: Certainly. I want to go to West Station. I¬ðll give you ten cents.
    Q: Who is the woman most probably speaking to? (B)
    2. W: How much is the postage?
    M: Let me weigh it first. It¬ðs over weight. You have to pay extra. That comes to sixty cents.
    Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place? (B)
    3. W: There are so many different dishes listed that it is really difficult to decide.
    M: The regular dinners are on the rightª²hand page.
    Q: What does the man most probably do? (D)
    4. W: I was wondering if you could help me find some travel guides for this city.
    M: We have a variety of books on that subject. Some are quite general while some are more special.
    Q: What is the most probable relationship between these two speakers? (A)
    5. M: This big tooth is badly decayed. It¬ðll have to come out. I¬ðm afraid.
    W: Oh, I hope it will not be too painful.
    Q: What is the most probable relationship between these two speakers? (C)
    6. W: It¬ðs a 1999 Jaguar, STª²6, black with a tan leather interior. And the license is 243ª²DCW.
    M: Please tell me your name and your registration number.
    Q: What¬ðs the color of this car? (C)
    7. W: How much will it be?
    M: Fifty dollars for the parking ticket and one hundred for towing.
    Q: What¬ðs the man? (C)
    8. W: Can you give me an estimate to repair this typewriter?
    M: Well, this is a 1980 model. Rather old. Almost 50 dollars, I am afraid.
    Q: How much will the repair cost? (C)
    9. M: This coffee maker is the hottest item in my store. It makes very good coffee.
    W: It is very good. I just want to buy one.
    Q: What¬ðs the most probable relationship between these two speakers? (A)
    10. M: Can you stay for dinner?
    W: I¬ðd love to. But I have to send some registered mail before picking up my son from school.
    Q: Where will the woman go first? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. classª²ridden2. textile3. disguised4. sailed5. created
    6. building7. 17938. based9. technology10. industrial
    ¢ò
    1. the day you die is better
    2. we should always remind ourselves
    3. it will sharpen your understanding
    4. A wise person thinks about death
    5. have stupid people sing your praise

    Day 7¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. During this morning¬ðs test I couldn¬ðt do the last four questions, but I did the first five.
    Q: How many questions did I do in the morning¬ð test? (B)
    2. The first train to Green Hill leaves at 6:28 and there is a train every 20 minutes.
    Q: When will the next train come? (C)
    3. The charity only attained half of what it expected, one quarter of a million dollars.
    Q: How much money was expected? (C)
    4. We used to order two boxes of cookies every year, but this year we doubled our order.
    Q: How many boxes did we order this year?(B)
    5. I had to pay 3 dollars for the meal, and I paid another 5 dollars for my laundry this afternoon. So I only had 4 dollars left in my pocket.
    Q: How much money did I pay?(D)
    6. Jane was expecting Bob to finish 12 fresh fish for tonight¬ðs dinner, but he only finished 8.
    Q: How many fishes were unfinished?(D)
    7. The plane was supposed to land at 5:00, but the fight was 30 minutes ahead of schedule.
    Q: When did the plane land?(C)
    8. In 1901, he was still an usher in a theatre, but 20 years later, he became a very famous playwright.
    Q: When did he become a famous playwright?(B)
    9. I had heard today¬ðs temperature is 20 degrees centigrade, but tomorrow will be 12 degrees centigrade lower.
    Q: What will the temperature be tomorrow? (D)
    10. The population of the whole country is 500 million, and the province accounts for a quarter of the whole.
    Q: What is the population of the country?(B)

    Part B
    1. M: I haven¬ðt seen Mary for a long time. Has she come back?
    W: Yes, she was just back from France besides visiting Italy, Spain and Germany.
    Q: Which country did Mary visit last? (B)
    2. W: Good morning, Professor John. My name is Jun King. I¬ðm with the local newspaper. Do you mind if I ask you some questions?
    M: Not at all. Go head, please.
    Q: What¬ðs Jun King? (B)
    3. W: How long will it take you to fix my TV?
    M: I will call you when it¬ðs ready. But it shouldn¬ðt take longer than a week.
    Q: What¬ðs the probable relationship between the speakers? (D)
    4. W: Hey, Jim. Long time no see. How do you do?
    M: Not bad.
    Q: What can you learn from the conversation? (B)
    5. M: Mom, Marry Christmas! This is a small present for you.
    W: Thanks a lot, honey. You are a peach.
    Q: What does the woman think of her son? (A)
    6. M: I like painting, sailing, watching baseball and especially skating. And you?
    W: I like singing, dancing and going to the cinema.
    Q: What does the man like most? (D)
    7. W: What are your plans tonight? Mike and I are going to the cinema; would you like to join us?
    M: Well, as a matter of fact, I¬ðm waiting Tracy. She is writing a letter and she¬ðs asking me to do her a favor.
    Q: What¬ðs the man doing? (A)
    8. W: You need a rest. You have just finished your final exams. So why don¬ðt you go away somewhere to have an rest?
    M: That¬ðs a good idea. Perhaps you can come with me. What do you think?
    Q: What¬ðs the man¬ðs suggestion? (C)
    9. M: I would like to reserve a table for four at seven this evening.
    W: May I have your name, please?
    Q: When does the man reserve dinner? (C)
    10. W: Doctor, I have a terrible headache.
    M: Yes, I see. Go home to bed and take two of these pills every six hours.
    Q: How many pills will the woman take each day? (D)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. planet2. astronomer3. entered4. telescopes5. instruments
    6. meaningful7. ninetyª²eight8. devoted9. astronomer10. married
    ¢ò
    1. addressed to our condition exactly
    2. address our condition exactly
    3. have dated a new era in
    4. They are presently unutterable things
    5. occurred to all the wise men

    Day 8¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. This type of stereo costs 800 dollars a week ago, and the price has gone up by 20% now.
    Q: What is the price of the stereo now?(C)
    2. I just couldn¬ðt resist the temptation of possessing that 600ª²dollar camera. Now I am left with only one third of my month¬ðs salary.
    Q: What is my month¬ðs salary?(C)
    3. Last year, 291 people were killed in road accidents, 157 of all the total accidents involved motorcyclists.
    Q: How many people were killed in the road accident last year?(A)
    4. Although I usually wake up at 6:00, I overslept 20 minutes this morning.
    Q: When did I get up this morning?(D)
    5. The main library is open from eight A.M. until nine P.M. every day.
    Q: When is the main library closed everyday?(C)
    6. The gold earrings are twentyª²four, but the silver ones are twice as expensive as the gold ones.
    Q: How much do the silver earrings cost?(A)
    7. It only takes two hours to get to New York, but you¬ðll have a sixª²hour layover between flights.
    Q: How many hours will the women be in New York?(D)
    8. I have only been here fifty minutes. But Mary said that she might be as much as an hour late.
    Q: How long has the man been waiting?(B)
    9. They¬ðre ten dollars each for the general public, but student tickets are half price.
    Q: How much will two student tickets costs?(B)
    10. The call is 5 cents for the first three minutes and 8 cents for each additional minute.
    Q: How much will the man pay for a ten minutes telephone call?(D)

    Part B
    1. W: I am Mrs. Reed. I have an appointment with Dr. Fox at 4 this afternoon. But I have something crucial. Could you change it to tomorrow afternoon, please?
    M: I¬ðm afraid not. Dr. Fox is quite busy tomorrow. How about 3 P.M. the day after tomorrow.
    Q: What time is suggested by the man? (A)
    2. W: You are not looking very cheerful. What¬ðs the matter with you?
    M: Oh, nothing special. I¬ðm just a bit exhausted.
    Q: What¬ðs wrong with the man? (B)
    3. W: Excuse me; do you have to take a part time job in your holiday?
    M: Not really. My parents are fairly well paid.
    Q: Who most probably pays the tuition for the man? (B)
    4. W: I like classical music. Let¬ðs go to the concert of the famous singer tonight. You know it¬ðs quite hard to get the tickets.
    M: But I prefer to stay at home, since classical music always sends me to sleep.
    Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (C)
    5. M: I like horror films and thrillers. That¬ðs why I want to see ¡°The Ring¡±. How about you? What kind of film do you like?
    W: Romantic comedies. I¬ðve seen lots of Meg Ryan films.
    Q: What kind of film does the woman like most? (B)
    6. W: Can you honestly say you¬ðve tried everything? To get a job, I mean.
    M: I think so, I don¬ðt know. It seems you can¬ðt get a job without an experience and vice versa. I mean, well, that¬ðs it, in a nutshell.
    Q: What does the man mean? (A)
    7. M: I want 2c 90 and 3c 60 cassettes, please.
    W: Yes, certainly. 5 pounds for 2c 90, and 7 pounds for 3c 60.
    Q: How many pounds will the man pay? (B)
    8. W: You have traveled a lot, right?
    M: Yes, I have just come back from America. And I have visited almost all countries in Europe.
    Q: Where hasn¬ðt the man been? (D)
    9. M: Good morning. I want some information about the flights to Crestar this weekend.
    W: Well. There are three flights in the morning and two in the afternoon. Here is the timetable.
    Q: How many flights are there to Crestar for this weekend? (C)
    10. W: I¬ðm going away to the seaside for a few days and I¬ðd like you to keep an eye on my dog while I am away.
    M: Certainly, no problem.
    Q: What¬ðs the man asked to do? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. monoplane2. supposedly3. California4. Authorities5. solo
    6. plane7. claimed8. whack9. paraded10. name
    ¢ò
    1. science has succeeded
    2. nature must be mastered by a device
    3. only by working with the laws of nature
    4. the byproduct of understanding
    5. were tamed by the hand

    Day 9¡¼*3/4¡½
¡¡¡¡Part A
¡¡¡¡1. Your best bet would be a nine A.M departure on flight twelve arriving in Chicago at eleven A.M.
    Q: What time will the woman leave?(A)
    2. She had a great improvement this year in the examination, and the score is 96 which is 30 points higher than last year.
    Q: What score did she get this year?(C)
    3. If you go by car, it will take two and a half hours, but if you go by train, it just takes eighty minutes.
    Q: How much time do you need spend if you go by car?(A)
    4. The doctor and his colleagues gave mental tests to nearly 4ª°000 male twins between the ages of 66 and 76.
    Q: At which age were the twins not tested?(A)
    5. In my purse I have 2 fifties, 9 tens, and 2 fives.
    Q: How much money do I have?(C)
    6. The doctors prefer to do their rounds early in surgery, so visiting hours are 9:00 A.M. to 9 P.M.
    Q: By what time should you leave the patients?(D)
    7. The classes start at 10:00 A.M., 4:00 P.M., and 6:00 P.M., and they will last for 3 hours each.
    Q: When will the last class end ?(B)
    8. That boy is 1.78 meters high, and his girlfriend is 12 centimeters shorter than him. They look a perfect match.
    Q: What is the height of the girl?(B)
    9. Does John know the class is having a surprise party for his twentyª²second birthday this week?
    Q: How old is John now?(B)
    10. I¬ðve been told you¬ðve missed six out of eight times in two different classes! That¬ðs really setting yourself up the fail.
    Q: How many times did he miss?(A)

    Part B
    1. M: I want to have two double rooms for two nights.
    W: Ninety pounds per night, plus VAT.
    Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place? (B)
    2. M: I¬ðve got an appointment in London at 7 o¬ðclock. But I will never make it.
    W: I¬ðm going to London. I¬ðll give you a lift if you like.
    Q: What will the woman do for the man? (A)
    3. W: Pardon me, but can you direct me to the nearest bus stop?
    M: Sorry, I am also a stranger here.
    Q: What does the man mean? (D)
    4. M: Mrs. Lincoln, I believe.
    W: Yes, You are Jack, aren¬ðt you? What a miracle to see you here!
    Q: What can you learn from the woman? (B)
    5. M: Will you and your husband be able to go to my birthday party?
    W: Oh, we¬ðd love to if we can get a babyª²sitter.
    Q: Will they go to the party? (B)
    6. W: Hi, this is Kim. Why didn¬ðt you come last night?
    M: Oh, I¬ðm sorry. I was on task the whole night. As a matter of fact, I didn¬ðt sleep at all the whole night.
    Q: Why didn¬ðt the man appear? (C)
    7. M: I¬ðm on a diet because I gained a quite few pounds recently.
    W: I have to watch my weight, too.
    Q: What do we know about the woman from the conversation? (C)
    8. W: Did Jim finish the paper himself?
    M: He had it done because he was too busy.
    Q: What do you know from this conversation? (B)
    9. M: If you help me with the work, I can have it done in about half an hour.
    W: I would, but Mr. Clark told me to type these letters before he went back.
    Q: What¬ðs the woman going to do? (A)
    10. W: Where were you on Thanksgiving Day? I called you several times and nobody was at home.
    M: My parents and I traveled to Australia to visit my grandmother. It was quite an experience to spend Thanksgiving there.
    Q: What do we learn from this conversation? (A)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. voted2. memorable3. apt4. celebrated5. anniversary
    6. commemorated7. ought8. parade9. shows10. illumination
    ¢ò
    1. acquired the status of an art form
    2. beautifully prepared and decorated foods
    3. perhaps most significant of all
    4. took their finest chefs to
    5. The rest is gastronomic history

    Day 10¡¼*3/4¡½
¡¡¡¡Part A
¡¡¡¡1. I had expected to get 200 yuan a day for my travel allowance, but it turned out to be double that.
    Q: How much money did I get for travel allowance.(D)
    2. If it takes Sue one hour to wrap up the job, it will certainly take the rest of us two hours.
    Q: How much time does it take for Sue to wrap up the job?(A)
    3. Flight 325 is leaving at 11:30 A.M., but you must check in one hour prior to departure.
    Q: When should you check in?(D)
    4. Due to the heavy traffic, Linda didn¬ðt get to the airport until 12:00 o¬ðclock, missing her flight by half an hour.
    Q: When did the plane take off?(A)
    5. It took twice as much as Peter¬ðs weekly salary to buy the fourª²hundredª²dollar CD player.
    Q: What is Peter¬ðs weekly salary.(A)
    6. Mr. Black has to leave his house at 7:30 in order to get to work by 9.
    Q: How long does Mr. Black spend on the way?(C)
    7. It was predicted last Sunday that the typhoon was to come on Monday, but it was two days late.
    Q: When did typhoon come?(A)
    8. Mr. Dawson bought a thirtyª²dollar sweater for eighteen dollars on the thirteenth of July?
    Q: How much money did Mr. Dawson spent on the sweater?(B)
    9. I ordered 15 books, and each costs 10 yuan.
    Q: How much money should I pay for the 15 books.(C)
    10. After a 1997 outbreak during which six people died. Hongkong destroyed almost 15 million chickens and other poultry.
    Q: How many people died in the outbreak? (A)

    Part B
    1. M: The whole program last night was excellent.
    W: I agree, everything was good ¡ª the news, the children¬ðs program, the science thing, and the movie.
    Q: What are they talking about? (C)
    2. W: I was sorry to hear about Billy¬ðs being fired. I know he sometimes was late, but...
    M: Oh. It was not that. Billy made a big error in that month¬ðs accounting.
    Q: Why was Billy fired? (C)
    3. W: I think the history course is interesting, but it¬ðs very difficult. I¬ðll never get through the reading list of Prof. Lee.
    M: Take it easy, you¬ðll find time to do it.
    Q: What¬ðs the woman worrying about? (C)
    4. W: This room is so stuffy, I can hardly breathe.
    M: I think they should ban smoking.
    Q: What is the woman complaining about? (D)
    5. M: If I were you, I would have accepted the job.
    W: I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family.
    Q: Why didn¬ðt the woman accept the job? (C)
    6. M: Do you know Edith? I hear that she is in your class.
    W: Certainly. In fact she was the first person I got deep impression in my class. I still remember the look on her face when she showed up late on the first day of school.
    Q: Why does the woman remember Edith so well? (A)
    7. W: I really can¬ðt stand the way Fredrik controls the conversation all the time. If he is going to the Christmas party, I just won¬ðt come.
    M: I¬ðm sorry you feel that way, but my mother insists that he come.
    Q: Why is Fredrik being invited to the party? (B)
    8. M: I haven¬ðt received the china I ordered yet. Maybe I should call to check on it.
    W: Don¬ðt worry. It takes at least two days to arrive.
    Q: What does the woman think the man should do? (C)
    9. W: I¬ðm thinking of taking five courses next semester.
    M: Wouldn¬ðt four be wiser?
    Q: What does the man suggest?(B)
    10. M: It¬ðs such a beautiful day. Why not sit out in the backyard for a while and enjoy it?
    W: I¬ðd love to. But there¬ðs a lot of laundry to do.
    Q: What will the woman probably do? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. wig2. headdresses3. stuffed4. even5. elaborate
    6. matted7. apart8. hazard9. giant10. wire
    ¢ò
    1. by an infinite expectation of the dawn
    2. elevate his life by a conscious endeavor
    3. to make a few objects beautiful
    4. is tasked to make his life

    Day 11¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. The novel contains some marvelously revealing glimpses of rural life in the 19th century. (B)
    2. Many difficulties have arisen as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel. (B)
    3. After Tom went to college, he became less financially dependent on his parents ¡ª he took some partª²time jobs. (C)
    4. Although he is very rich, his undutiful children are the torment of his life. (B)
    5. Although not an economist himself, Dr.Smith has long been a sever critic of the government¬ðs economic policies. (C)
    6. Although the main characters in the novel are so true to life, they are entirely imaginary. (A)
    7. As a defense against airª²pollution damage, many plants and animals release a substance to absorb harmful chemicals. (C)
    8. At the moment there are a lot more vacancies to be filled in the company. (D)
    9. By moving the radar beam around slowly in circles, we can explore the surroundings. (A)
    10. During drought farmers took all the troubles to irrigate their crops. (D)

    Part B
    1. M: Cody won¬ðt go to the party because he has to work.
    W: John has to study and Sue has caught a cold, so they won¬ðt go either.
    Q: What¬ðs the reason for Cody not going to the party? (C)
    2. W: Are you coming with me to the museum?
    M: I already have my hands full with this report.
    Q: What does the man mean? (A)
    3. W: Which rug did your wife buy?
    M: The blue one, but I would rather have bought the brown one.
    Q: Which rug did the couple finally buy? (D)
    4. W: Not getting that job was a big letdown.
    M: Don¬ðt worry. Something better will come along.
    Q: What can we learn from the dialogue? (B)
    5. W: Thank you for helping me to carry my parcels.
    M: Not at all. One good turn deserves another.
    Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (C)
    6. W: I hardly ever go shopping by car now. The shopping center is within walking distance.
    M: Well, you are lucky. The nearest store I can go to is two miles away.
    Q: How does the woman usually go shopping? (B)
    7. M: There was trouble with the sound system in the movie. I could hardly hear.
    W: That happened to me once. I spoke to the manager and the problem was taken care of.
    Q: Why can¬ðt the man hear properly? (B)
    8. M: Hello. Will you please send someone up to my apartment? The hot water is running and I can¬ðt turn it off.
    W: There is no one in the office now. I¬ðll send someone up as soon as I can.
    Q: Why did the man want some one to come? (A)
    9. M: I heard Ted got a ticket yesterday. What did he do?
    W: He drove down a oneª²way street the wrong way.
    Q: Why did Ted get a ticket? (A)
    10. W: I hate it when the plane captain keeps announcing cities over which we are flying. I can¬ðt get any sleep.
    M: But for someone who has never made the trip before, such announcement are very helpful.
    Q: Why does the woman dislike the announcements? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. you should picture yourself as you want to be
    2. you had already attained them
    3. deeply impress them on your memory
    4. you should be alone and completely undisturbed
    5. especially when the experience is new
    ¢ò
    1. the independence and progress of the Chinese nation
    2. the starting point and objective in everything he did
    3. a correct theory guiding the Chinese people
    4. opening to the outside world

    Day 12¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. Far from being lonely, he is now encouraged by his wife and children. (A)
    2. Freezing is at present one of the most important methods of preserving meats and vegetables. (C)
    3. Hamlet revenged his father¬ðs death on his uncle. (C)
    4. He resolved on making an early start. (A)
    5. He is modest in his requirements. (B)
    6. He kept some aspirin tablets in reserve in case he got splitting headache. (D)
    7. He underwent four successive operations in two weeks. (D)
    8. How can you tolerate his doing it that way? (B)
    9. In Beijing, the best season of the year is probably late fall. (D)
    10. In our fastª²paced world nothing seems constant. (A)

    Part B
    1. W: What a strange suit you are wearing. Your jacket doesn¬ðt match your pants.
    M: I know. I got dressed in the dark, and I didn¬ðt realize my mistake until I had gotten to the office.
    Q: What¬ðs unusual about the man¬ðs suit? (D)
    2. M: Tina is really enthusiastic about her ballet class, isn¬ðt she?
    W: Yes, she used to take lessens only one day a week, but now she goes every other day after school: Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
    Q: How many ballet lessens did Tina take every week before? (A)
    3. M: Our rent is now just $600 a month.
    W: I know. It¬ðs exactly twice as much as it was when we first moved in.
    Q: How much rent did they pay the first month? (B)
    4. M: You are thinner than you used to be, aren¬ðt you?
    W: You bet I am! I¬ðve been dieting for four months. I¬ðve lost 25 pounds and I feel great. I¬ðm down to 165.
    Q: What was her weight four months ago? (B)
    5. M: I hope you don¬ðt mind but I want very much to watch the game this coming Sunday.
    W: I certainly do mind, but there is not very much I can do about it, is there?
    Q: What did the woman dislike? (D)
    6. M: Can you give me some information about the cost of a trip to Los Angeles?
    W: I¬ðm sorry, sir. I can¬ðt give you that information over the phone. The travel agent will be able to help you.
    Q: Where did the man want to go? (B)
    7. W: Are you glad that you came to Washington?
    M: Yes, indeed. I¬ðd considered going to New York or Boston, but I¬ðve never regretted my decision.
    Q: Where is the man¬ðs house? (B)
    8. W: This package is going to Tokyo. I want to insure it for fifty dollars.
    M: That will be three dollars and fifty cents postage and another two dollars for the insurance, Madam.
    Q: Where are the man and the woman? (B)
    9. W: Is this the complain department? I¬ðd like to speak to a supervisor.
    M: If you will hold the phone, Madam. I¬ðll get Mr. Slopes.
    Q: What can we learn about Mr. Slopes? (D)
    10. M: Miss Bronte, I told Dr. Johnson that I would call him in the Houston office at ten o¬ðclock their time. Please find out the time difference for me so that I will know when to place the call.
    W: It¬ðs two hours earlier in Houston, Sir.
    Q: When should the man place his call to Dr. Johnson? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. since it was approved as the national flag
    2. soliciting designs for the new republic¬ðs flag
    3. Two weeks later he finished his design
    4. The pattern implies the solidarity of the nation
    5. symbolizes the Communist Party
    ¢ò
    1. has a history of more than 1ª°300 years
    2. embody the character of the seashore
    3. fought against foreign invaders
    4. track down its traces of life and history

    Day 13¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. It is during summer breaks that we first taste the satisfaction of work that translates into hard currency. (B)
    2. It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and extensive knowledge. (A)
    3. It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carry large amounts of cash; virtually all financial transactions will be conducted by computer. (A)
    4. Last year the advertising rate rose by 20 percent. (D)
    5. Our success is directly attributable to the leadership of the Communist Party. (A)
    6. Shakespeare¬ðs birthplace is often visited as a shrine. (C)
    7. She retorted upon me, saying ant for the last couple of months. (A)
    8. She is not really poor; she just pretends to be poor. (C)
    9. She should be sensible and not make unreasonable demands. (C)
    10. She was so well informed about all the things that happened in the town. (A)

    Part B
    1. W: Hey, you were supposed to be here three hours ago.
    M: Sorry, my alarm must have not gone off.
    Q: What happened to the man? (B)
    2. W: Hey, if you can¬ðt enjoy that at a sensible volume, please use the earphone. I¬ðm trying to study.
    M: Oh, I¬ðm sorry. I didn¬ðt realize it was bothering you.
    Q: What has the man probably been doing? (A)
    3. W: I was in the gas station at 1:00. How did I miss you?
    M: I got there at a quarter to 12:00 and waited a while, but I guess I left before you got there.
    Q: When did the man probably leave the gas station? (D)
    4. W: I certainly would like to buy the brown suit I saw in the department store, but I don¬ðt have enough money.
    M: Well, if you spend your money more carefully, you would be able to buy it.
    Q: What does the man suggest the woman to do? (D)
    5. M: I thought Jim was going to join us tonight.
    W: I couldn¬ðt reach him this afternoon, but I left word with his roommate that he should meet us at six.
    Q: What did the woman do? (C)
    6. W: I¬ðm sure it¬ðs pouring down, isn¬ðt it? I can even hear it drumming on the roof.
    M: I hope that it lets up soon so that we can go out.
    Q: What is happening? (A)
    7. M: I want to borrow the book ¡°A Farewell to Arms¡±.
    W: Ask Susan. She has almost everything.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (B)
    8. M: Can you possibly lend me $10 until payª²day?
    W: It¬ðs out of the question.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (C)
    9. W: What is being down about the lost man?
    M: Nothing. They¬ðve discontinued the search.
    Q: What do you learn from the conversation? (A)
    10. M: Peter worked as a secretary for three years. Then he became a newspaperman. After that he started writing novels.
    W: I know. And he¬ðs been doing that ever since.
    Q: What is Peter doing now? (A)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. the first Hollywood movie directed by noted Chinese director
    2. One Japanese film distributor said disappointedly
    3. being purely commercial with no discernible artistic value
    4. portrayal or description of the characters¬ð mentality
    5. box office returns were unexpectedly good
    ¢ò
    1. tend to have the opposite effect
    2. Machines have a certain novelty value
    3. the time saved does not really amount to too much
    4. have to be carefully sorted out first
    5. It would be more liberating to pack it all off

    Day 14¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. The variations of temperature in that district are very great. (D)
    2. The dilemma the doctor faced was whether he should tell the truth to the patient. (A)
    3. Continual conflict among cityª²states caused the eventual decline of Greek civilization. (B)
    4. The final document was, of course, supposed to mend the damage imposed upon the world  by the war. (A)
    5. On turning the corner, he saw the street descending steeply. (B)
    6. Please refrain from smoking until your body recovers. (A)
    7. Sam found that his new job did not provide him sufficient scope for his ability. (D)
    8. The average runner can run 8 miles per hour. (C)
    9. There were no more books available for your demand. (D)
    10. Though badly damaged by fire, the house was restored to its original splendor. (C)

    Part B
    1. W: Shall we have a cup of coffee before the performance?
    M: Yes, lets it. The performance begins at 8:00 and it will take us fifteen minutes to get there. It¬ðs only 7:00 now?
    Q: How much time will they have to enjoy a drink? (B)
    2. M: Do you mind I smoke?
    W: Please don¬ðt.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (D)
    3. W: See the kid over there cutting grass! My brother does that every summer. He usually gets five dollars for the lawn, and only takes him an hour.
    M: That¬ðs pretty good. I didn¬ðt use to get that much when I was in high school.
    Q: What are they talking about? (C)
    4. M: Does the play start at 6:00 or 6:15?
    W: It starts at 6:30 and ends at 8:00.
    Q: When does the play start? (B)
    5. M: How do you feel now?
    W: Well, when I sit for a long time, I feel a dull pain across my back.
    Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation? (D)
    6. M: Excuse me, but which gate is for flight 2441 to New York?
    W: It¬ðs gate 8.
    Q: Where is the man now? (B)
    7. W: This is St. Martin¬ðs hotel. Can I help you please?
    M: Yes, I¬ðd like to have a room for the two of us for one night.
    Q: What is the man doing? (A)
    8. W: What do you think of it?
    M: I like it but the color is too dark and it¬ðs a little tight around the waist.
    Q: Where the man most like is? (A)
    9. W: How do you like your job, Jim?
    M: Fine. This week I have been reading the financial reports and studying the books. Next week I will probably start to handle some of the accounts.
    Q: What is the man¬ðs occupation? (B)
    10. W: It¬ðs always been hard to get this car into first gear, and now the clutch seems to be slipping.
    M: If you¬ðll leave the car with me, I¬ðll have it fixed for you this afternoon.
    Q: What do we learn about the man? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. to train the personnel needed by society
    2. That is a simple and selfª²apparent truth
    3. China was practicing a planned education
    4. there was no economic market in its real sense
    5. all university graduates were assigned to various jobs
    ¢ò
    1. between men and women is fully justified
    2. jointly built their homelands
    3. women were denied the basic right
    4. their dignity and decisionª²making power
    5. Regarded unfortunately as secondª²class citizens

    Day 15¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. He should make a clear distinction between the ¡®date¡¯ and ¡®appointment¡¯. (C)
    2. William, the founder of the new country vigorously defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion. (C)
    3. Unlike his sister, Jim is quiet and does not easily make friends with others. (B)
    4. I shall have a companion in my department after all these lonely years. (D)
    5. There is little chance that mankind would survive. (B)
    6. Topics for composition should be relevant to the experiences and interests of the students.  (C)
    7. The sight of blood always makes him feel sick. (A)
    8. When he applied for a position in the office of the local newspaper he was told to see the manager. (D)
    9. Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops are bare. (D)
    10. A new situation is likely to arise. (B)

    Part B
    1. W: I¬ðm sorry to have caused your uncle so much trouble.
    M: Don¬ðt worry about it. He is the sort of man who is never happy unless he has something to complain about.
    Q: What can we learn about the man¬ðs uncle? (B)
    2. M: Our TV is broken, and there is a great movie on tonight. Could we come over and watch yours?
    W: I¬ðm sorry. We are having some people over tonight.
    Q: Why does the woman refuse the man? (B)
    3. W: You still have an hour to wait, so relax.
    M: Relax! How can I when I¬ðm so anxious about the interview?
    Q: What is the man going to do? (A)
    4. M: Well, I thought you were working for a large business machine company.
    W: I did for a few months, but I decided that accountancy wasn¬ðt what I wanted to do.
    Q: Why did she leave the machine company? (D)
    5. M: It has been such a warm day. I think I¬ðll go and write my essay under a tree.
    W: I¬ðd like to join you, but I find it hard to work outside.
    Q: What does the woman want to do originally? (A)
    6. W: Just a second. I want to leave a message for Bill.
    M: Don¬ðt bother. We¬ðll be back in less than an hour. Then he maybe won¬ðt come.
    Q: Why doesn¬ðt the man leave a message? (A)
    7. M: Aren¬ðt you going to apologize for breaking that window?
    W: Why should I? I didn¬ðt throw the ball.
    Q: How did the window get broken? (C)
    8. W: If we hurry, we can take the express train and save an hour, couldn¬ðt we?
    M: Yes. The express takes only three hours to get to New York.
    Q: How long does it take the local train to get to New York? (D)
    9. W: Are you ready to order?
    M: No, I just finished. I¬ðm waiting for my change.
    Q: What does the man want? (A)
    10. M: How about going to dinner and seeing movie with me tonight, Sandy?
    W: I¬ðd love to, but I haven¬ðt packed yet and my flight leaves at 5 A.M.
    Q: What is Sandy going to do? (B)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. in an effort to stabilize economies
    2. originated as places for safekeeping
    3. acting as guardians of valuable private possessions
    4. who wish to make interest on their savings
    5. The bank is a reservoir of loanable money
    ¢ò
    1. he developed social organization
    2. it was a giant step in complexity
    3. it is formed by a given population of individuals
    4. Individuals interact as members of the same species
    5. perpetuated by means of biological reproduction

    Day 16¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. All 257 aboard died in a DCª²10 airliner crash in Antarctica.(B)
    2. I like dogs in the abstract, but I can¬ðt bear this one.(A)
    3. He is quick to adapt himself to new circumstance.(C)
    4. You can¬ðt see through a telescope unless it is correctly adjusted to your sight.(C)
    5. He was in agony with his broken leg.(A)
    6. She had a great affection for the town where she grew up.(A)
    7. The laboratory is conducting experiments with a dozen living monkeys.(C)
    8. The man alleges that his watch has been stolen.(B)
    9. In this book Lenin gave a profound analysis of the political struggle in side the party.(A)
    10. He asked us to assist them in carrying through their plan.(C)

    Part B
    1. M: Miss, what time is flight 215 for Paris due to depart?
    W: It takes off at 8:15. But you must check in one hour prior to the departure.
    Q: When must the passenger be at the airport for flight 215? (B)
    2. W: Helen says her left leg doesn¬ðt hurt as much as it did yesterday.
    M: She¬ðd better have it tested by the doctor.
    Q: What does the man think Helen should do? (A)
    3. W: I see. But you¬ðll have to work on many difficult projects, I¬ðm afraid.
    M: I¬ðm not afraid challenge, Madam.
    Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place? (A)
    4. M: I haven¬ðt heard from my family since last month.
    W: Don¬ðt worry, Hawk. Overseas mail is often slow.
    Q: What can we learn about the man from the conversation? (B)
    5. M: Did you hear Eva¬ðs presentation in the meeting hall yesterday?
    W: How can she be so calm in front of such a large audience?
    Q: What does the woman imply? (C)
    6. M: Where did Sophie come from?
    W: She was born in China and grew up in France, but now she¬ðs a citizen of America.
    Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (C)
    7. W: What do you think of Sue¬ðs presentation?
    M: It was amazing, but she was ill at ease in front of the class.
    Q: What does the man say about Sue? (B)
    8. W: Can¬ðt we slow down? We¬ðre going to be beyond the speed limit. We¬ðll be fined.
    M: Slow down? Don¬ðt you realize how late we are?
    Q: What does the man mean? (B)
    9. W: I¬ðm out of ink. Could you lend me your pen?
    M: Mine is used up, too. But I¬ðll be glad to get you a bottle when I get to the bookstore.
    Q: What¬ðs the man going to do? (D)
    10. W: Hey, Henry. Have you been playing much basketball lately?
    M: I play as much as I can get out of the classroom. And the game is my way to be somebody. It¬ðs my life, you know.
    Q: What does Henry tell the woman? (A)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. the conditions of poor and suffering people
    2. in any way he could
    3. was very against every sort of evil
    4. crowded around him by the hundreds
    ¢ò
    1. With active support from academia
    2. for the promotion of academic exchange
    3. development and mutual understanding
    4. as well as acquisition and dissemination
    5. the most dramatic economic area

    Day 17¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. He has achieved heights that I can never hope to attain.(A)
    2. Tom banged the door as he went through.(C)
    3. The one poor mark was a blot on the student¬ðs record.(A)
    4. In those days, many Frenchmen looked down up those who were in collaboration with the Nazis.(D)
    5. Why do Watergate culprits keep collective silence?(C)
    6. Let¬ðs go to the dairy nearby to buy some butter and cheese.(B)
    7. There is no water in this glass.(B)
    8. The heart yearned for the starving children.(A)
    9. These results are not worthwhile; so do not pay much attention to them.(B)
    10. The driver is winking his lights: he is turning this way.(B)

    Part B
    1. W: I¬ðd like to go to Hawaii for vacation rather than New York, but the round ticket is so expensive.
    M: So it¬ðs back to the Big Apple then!
    Q: What conclusion can we get from this conversation? (A)
    2. W: The concert is supposed to begin at 7:30, isn¬ðt it?
    M: Yes, but it will be postponed for 45 minutes because of some technical problems, it is already 7:55, it won¬ðt be long, I believe.
    Q: How long will they still need to wait? (B)
    3. W: I¬ðm thinking of dropping economics class. It¬ðs too difficult for me.
    M: I know how you feel, but I¬ðd sweat it out for another couple of weeks. I did and I¬ðm glad I did now. The worst part is over now.
    Q: What does the man suggest the woman to do? (D)
    4. M: I hope there weren¬ðt many visitors when I was away this morning.
    W: There wasn¬ðt a single one, Mr. Lee. But I received four phone calls.
    Q: How many people visited Mr. Lee¬ðs office this morning? (D)
    5. M: Do I have enough postage on this package?
    W: Let¬ðs see. You already have three fiftyª²cent stamps and two twentyª²fiveª²cent on it. You only need one fiveª²cent stamp.
    Q: What¬ðs the total amount of postage required to mail the package? (A)
    6. W: Jeff, did you pick up your clothes from the laundry today?
    M: No! My sister stopped for them on her way home.
    Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (D)
    7. W: Gee! Why is it whenever I open my mailbox recently, I pull out letters addressed to you.
    M: Because until I find the new apartment, I¬ðm having my letters posted to your place.
    Q: What¬ðs happening to the woman¬ðs mailbox? (C)
    8. W: Aren¬ðt there any direct flights?
    M: I am sorry. The best thing you can do is to take Concord flight 12 at 8:00 a.m., and you can arrive at Chicago at 10:00 a.m. with a threeª²hour wait for a connecting flight to Los Angeles.
    Q: What time will the woman leave Chicago? (B)
    9. W: It¬ðs such a nice warm day. I think I¬ðll go and write my report under the oak tree.
    M: I¬ðd like to join you, but I find it hard to concentrate outside, and I need to finish my paper this afternoon.
    Q: What¬ðs the man going to do? (D)
    10. W: Was Robert elected to the United?
    M: Yes, in fact he was made chairman there, but he only agreed to take the job if they let him make all decision by himself.
    Q: What does Robert intend to do? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. he was much more than that
    2. an unprecedented honor
    3. what a unique position he occupies
    4. they speak of him with awe
    5. honor his name and speak it
    ¢ò
    1. strike oil at a fairly high level
    2. samples of soil from various depths
    3. the drillers go to another
    4. pay not only the cost of
    5. that is always going on

    Day 18¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. All soldiers were ordered to march forward in a westward direction.(C)
    2. A child usually has perfect trust in his mother.(B)
    3. He likes to play tricks on his friends.(C)
    4. The trend towards accelerated government expenditure has got out of hand.(B)
    5. The house was sold by private treaty.(D)
    6. The student transferred from the state university to a college nearer his home.(D)
    7. The transition from ape to man was realized through labor.(B)
    8. He threaded his way through the crowd.(C)
    9. The old man terrified his children with ghost stories.(A)
    10. In summer fruit tends to decay.(A)

    Part B
    1. W: The weatherman says tomorrow the sun will shine.
    M: If he is as good as he usually is at making forecast, we will all have to bring umbrella.
    Q: What can we learn from this conversation? (B)
    2. W: You can have this one which is a demonstrator or we can order one for you in one week.
    M: I would prefer a new one, even though the demonstrator is less expensive.
    Q: What¬ðs a demonstrator? (D)
    3. M: It was stunning to hear you have finished all your work in one night.
    W: How I managed to do? It is still a mystery to me.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (A)
    4. M: Can you lend me your car, Judith?
    W: Yes, of course, as long as you drive it carefully.
    Q: What¬ðs the woman¬ðs Answer? (A)
    5. M: My briefcase is just like yours, isn¬ðt it?
    W: Almost. Mine is a bit smaller, but it doesn¬ðt have a lock. I think I prefer to have one like yours.
    Q: Why would woman rather have had a briefcase like the man has? (B)
    6. M: If you signaled a little earlier, it won¬ðt happen.
    W: But I signaled in time! Just look at the mess you have made of my car! You should have driven carefully and your speed is almost above the limit. So you are the one who is to blame!
    Q: What are they talking about? (C)
    7. W: The museum sells all sorts of paintings that are inexpensive and colorful.
    M: Especially you like abstract style.
    Q: What does the man say about the museum? (A)
    8. W: Did you hear York is in hospital with injured head and broken legs.
    M: Yes, apparently he was hit by a vehicle and pulled a long way.
    Q: What happened to York? (D)
    9. M: Do you have two tickets for tomorrow¬ðs concert?
    W: No seats at all, but we sell standing tickets.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (B)
    10. W: What did your doctor prescribe for you?
    M: Well, he said there was no need for me to get any medicine if I could eat wellª²balanced meals.
    Q: What did the doctor say about the man? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. work in order to make
    2. exchange for food and shelter
    3. tilling the land
    4. managing and governing
    5. thy consume our time
    ¢ò
    1. Only the deaf appreciate hearing
    2. sight and hearing during adult life
    3. fullest use of these blessed faculties
    4. without concentration
    5. not being conscious of health

    Day 19¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. She took him to task for his rudeness to her mother.(D)
    2. Mr. Li returned to his home country because he couldn¬ðt stand the strain of modern life in the United States.(C)
    3. We should keep a few pounds in store for a rainy day.(C)
    4. We turned the car round and steered for home.(B)
    5. Women have very little status in many countries.(C)
    6. The little boy stared at the stranger for a few minutes before answering his questions.(A)
    7. Each of the bodily organs has its own special functions.(D)
    8. My mother sorted the good apples from the bad ones.(A)
    9. This will help to lighten your sunburn.(B)
    10. He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.(B)

    Part B
    1. M: Well, I want you to know that you have been doing an excellent job lately. I think you deserve a raise.
    W: Wow, thanks a lot! You know it¬ðs been getting more difficult to make ends meet these days. This couldn¬ðt have come at a better time.
    Q: What¬ðs the most probable relationship between the two speakers? (D)
    2. M: I suppose we should look for a larger house with a beautiful view of sea, but I don¬ðt see how we can afford one right now.
    W: If only we hadn¬ðt spent so much money on our luxurious vacation this year.
    Q: What can we learn from this conversation? (C)
    3. W: Welcome, Tom. We are very glad to have you with us.
    M: Thank you, Mrs. Weller. I¬ðm more than happy to have this chance to join your Thanksgiving celebration.
    Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place? (C)
    4. M: Please allow me to introduce myself. I am Tony Burton from the United States. And I am a new student here in the Biology Department.
    W: I¬ðm glad to meet you, Tony. My name is Luc. I¬ðm from Paris. I¬ðm studying Physics in this university.
    Q: Where does Luc come from? (A)
    5. W: I¬ðll have fish and vegetable soup and roast lamb with a salad, please.
    M: And would you like to have something to drink?
    Q: Which food doesn¬ðt she order? (D)
    6. M: It¬ðs my wife¬ðs favorite recipe for barbecue.
    W: It¬ðs very delicious. How was it made?
    Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (C)
    7. W: Excuse me, could you tell me where the editor¬ðs office is?
    M: Go upstairs to the third floor and turn left and to the second door. You won¬ðt miss it.
    Q: Which floor is the office on? (B)
    8. M: The director said that we¬ðd have to postpone the outing until Saturday because of inclement weather.
    W: It¬ðs a shame since all the food has been ordered and will probably be spoiled.
    Q: Why was the outing postponed? (B)
    9. M: Look at the low price on these domestics. Something is fishy, isn¬ðt it?
    W: Well, there are lots of thieves here. Some of the stolen goods may have landed up here.
    Q: How do the people feel about the domestics? (B)
    10. M: Could you tell me the timetable of the subway here?
    W: Well, the subway here leaves every half an hour from 6:00 a.m. But on Saturday it starts half an hour later.
    Q: When does the second subway leave on Saturday? (A)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. opinions held in social circles
    2. the intensity of insular prejudice
    3. newspaper belonging to a party
    4. both parties may be right
    5. should generate a certain caution
    ¢ò
    1. influenced by such nonverbal factors
    2. through our body¬ðs shape and size
    3. and our vocal characteristics
    4. affect our interpersonal interactions
    5. position to observe and understand

    Day 20¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. He likes to soak himself in a warm bath.(A)
    2. The Embassy refused to renew their temporary travel documents.(C)
    3. Because the walls of cathedral were no longer strong, they had to be reinforced with steel and stone.(C)
    4. He still gets embarrassed whenever the subject is raised.(C)
    5. The clerk has a query about the particular charge.(D)
    6. A bicycle pump is a device for pushing air into a bicycle tyre.(B)
    7. Her teacher always puts on a solemn face.(D)
    8. He was prosecuted for stealing.(B)
    9. This is a very progressive firm that uses the most modern systems.(C)
    10. I assure you of her honesty.(A)

    Part B
    1. W: Where did you get that rare china dish? It must be worth a fortune.
    M: I rescued it from a runª²down curiosity shop.
    Q: What are these people discussing? (C)
    2. M: I¬ðd like to make two reservations on Flight 352 for July 2nd.
    W: I¬ðm sorry. We¬ðre booked up on the 2nd. But we still have a few seats available on the 3rd.
    Q: When does the man want to leave? (B)
    3. W: Have you received this month¬ðs issue of the fashion magazine?
    M: It never seems to come when it¬ðs supposed to.
    Q: What does the man mean? (C)
    4. W: Some people know a lot more than they tell.
    M: Unfortunately the reverse is also true.
    Q: What does the man mean? (A)
    5. M: When I need relax, there is nothing like a good spy story.
    W: Spy stories are OK, but I prefer biography and autobiography.
    Q: What are the man and woman taking about? (D)
    6. W: Wow, it¬ðs you!
    M: Yes. You and I must have the same idea to beat the crowds by doing the shopping when they open at 9:00 sharp.
    Q: Why did both of them do shopping at 9:00 sharp? (D)
    7. M: Your blood pressure is quite normal and there is nothing wrong with your heart or lungs.
    W: What about my terrible headaches? I still worry about that.
    Q: What¬ðs wrong with the woman? (D)
    8. M: The music is so beautiful that I¬ðd like to dance to the music but I don¬ðt know the steps.
    W: It doesn¬ðt matter. No one will look at us in the crowds.
    Q: What does the woman suggest they do? (B)
    9. M: It¬ðs so cold here. I simply can¬ðt work. I wish there were a fire here.
    W: So do I. I¬ðll get frozen if I stay here a bit longer.
    Q: What are they complaining about? (C)
    10. M: It¬ðs the third time that you said you were quite busy. But what are you engaged in recently?
    W: Nothing, but writing a new novel.
    Q: What has the woman been busy with recently? (A)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. compartmentalize our time and schedules
    2. schedules and value promptness
    3. require you to acknowledge your lateness
    4. more than thirty minutes late
    5. there is no universally held
    ¢ò
    1. learn about that person¬ðs culture
    2. recounting some of the subtle
    3. names of other business people
    4. a lunch meeting may provide pointers
    5. corporations with extensive business

    Day 21¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. The bank manger asked his assistant if it was possible for him to work out the investment plan within a week.  (A)
    2. The bomb will go off the moment it is touched. (C)
    3. The boss didn¬ðt want to raise the workers¬ð wages, for that would cut into the profit. (B)
    4. The boy fell in front of the car but fortunately the driver stop ped in time. (D)
    5. The bridge was named after the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people. (A)
    6. The cashier was asked to account for every penny of the money that he took care of. (D)
    7. The climbers set out on their adventurous journey into the unknown. (A)
    8. The criminal always paid in cash so the police could not track him down. (D)
    9. The dictator relied on a abuse of opponents rather than on sound reasoning. (B)
    10. The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that at intervals the speakers stopped for refreshments. (B)

    Part B
    1. M: I¬ðm sorry, Madam. The train is somewhat behind schedule. Take a seat, and I¬ðll notify you as soon as we know something definite.
    W: Thank you. I¬ðll just sit here and read a magazine in the meanwhile.
    Q: What happens to the train? (B)
    2. M: Everyone hides in the next room and when Tom comes in, jump out.
    W: Perhaps we should turn on some lights so that he won¬ðt be suspicious.
    Q: What are the people probably doing? (C)
    3. M: I was terribly embarrassed when some of the audience got up and left in the middle of the performance.
    W: Well, it seems some people just can¬ðt appreciate live drama.
    Q: What were the people in the conversation talking about? (C)
    4. M: I¬ðm sorry, Miss. You¬ðll have to come with us. Mirrors and hidden cameras have detected what you have done. Leave the merchandise here.
    W: I¬ðll come along, but I can assure you that I am innocent.
    Q: Where most probably are the people in the conversation? (C)
    5. M: That was such an interesting movie! I hope you enjoy it as much as I did.
    W: I must admit that I dozed off after the first thirty minutes.
    Q: What did the woman think about the movie? (D)
    6. M: I¬ðd like to buy these four Thanksgiving cards. Are they ten cents each?
    W: Three of them are, but the smaller one is only a nickel.
    Q: How much did the four cards cost together?(A)
    7. M: I am in charge of buying the fruit for the children at our church. I¬ðm so happy to find that apples and oranges are in season. Give me two dozen each.
    W: I hope that they are as good as they look.
    Q: How many oranges did the want to man buy? (C)
    8. M: This is Mr. Green. My heater is not working and the temperature is going to get down below freezing. Could you come over and fix it?
    W: This is our busiest time in the year, but I¬ðll speak to one of our men about getting over there sometime today.
    Q: Who probably does Mr. Green want to come? (A)
    9. M: I want to see about getting a private room as soon as possible. Also, please put a ¡°No Visitors¡± sign on my door when you leave.
    W: I¬ðll take care of both things, but first put this in your mouth so that I can fill out your chart.
    Q: What¬ðs the role of the man in the conversation? (B)
    10. M: Did you see that fabulous documentary on U.S. hospitals on channel 4 last night?
    W: No, I decided to watch a movie on channel 8 instead. Afterwards, I fell asleep.
    Q: Why didn¬ðt the woman watch the documentary? (B)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. one looks at the animal kingdom as a whole
    2. few species have developed any of the adaptations
    3. survive a period of cold and food scarcity
    4. one wonders not why there are so few kinds of animals
    5. manage to get along without the benefit of central heating
    ¢ò
    Failure to be punctual is a sign of disrespect. If a person is invited to a dinner and arrives late, this is a great discourtesy. Tardiness is very harmful when it comes to one¬ðs duty. Imagine how it would be if those entrusted with important tasks failed to be on time. And the unpunctual man is an annoyance to others.

    Day 22 ¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. The doctor followed out her operation with Xª²rays and special exercises to make her foot stronger. (A)
    2. The doctor cut out his tonsils. (B)
    3. The driver pulled up the bus only just in time to prevent it from hitting the child. (A)
    4. After careful planning, John thought out a way of solving the problem. (D)
    5. After making a great effort, we finally carried out the plan. (B)
    6. After negotiation, the two countries agreed on the terms of peace. (D)
    7. Ants store up food for the winter. (D)
    8. Cut off by the storm, they were forced to go without food for several days. (C)
    9. David likes country life and has decided to go in for farming. (C)
    10. Did you hear someone moving about in the next room all last night? (A)

    Part B
    1. M: Have you decided where you are going to live when you are married?
    W: I would like to live in the city near my work, but my fianc¨¦ wants to live in the suburbs to save on expenses.
    Q: Why does the woman prefer to live in the city? (D)
    2. M: Would you like to go to the beach this afternoon? Bill and Mary are coming too.
    W: I¬ðm sorry, but I was just putting my dress on to go shopping. I need to get the blouse that goes with my pants suit. They had to order it specialy, and it just arrived yesterday.
    Q: Why doesn¬ðt the woman want to go to the beach? (C)
    3. M: How did you like the performance?
    W: Generally speaking, it was very good. The part of the maid was played beautifully, but I thought the man who played the salesman was too dramatic to be realistic.
    Q: How does the woman feel about the salesman in the play? (C)
    4. M: I saw you advertised in the morning paper concerning some cameras you have on sale. Could I see the Xª²20 model please?
    W: Of course. It¬ðs an excellent buy. The price includes the tripod.
    M: The lens seems to be excellent and the tripod is not bad. However, the price on this model seems a little steep.
    Q: What is the man dissatisfied about the camera? (D)
    5. W: Chemistry 502 is really a hard course.
    M: So was chemistry 402.
    Q: What do we learn from the conversation? (A)
    6. W: Mark is watching a movie on TV.
    M: Should he be doing that now, with an exam coming next week?
    Q: What does the man actually want Mark to do? (D)
    7. M: Have you picked up your I.D. card from the office yet?
    W: No, the camera for taking photos was broken.
    Q: What¬ðs the reason for the woman not getting her I.D. card? (C)
    8. W: Shall I call you to let you know about the next meeting?
    M: By all means.
    Q: What does the man mean? (A)
    9. M: Did you call the office?
    W: No, they asked me to hang up and try again later.
    Q: What can we learn about the woman? (C)
    10. M: Would you like to have a break and have a soda?
    W: Can I try it.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (D)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. every profession has its own unique traditions and policies
    2. you are running into resistance
    3. you continue moving in the right direction
    4. Use all your resources to find someone
    5. guide you through internal personal problems
    ¢ò
    Observers report that a person fidgets before a dream. Once the dream has started, a person¬ðs body relaxes. When the machine indicates the dream is over, the participant records his own dream. Researchers find that if the dreamer is awakened immediately after his dream, he can recall the dream. If he is allowed to sleep, his memory of the dream will fade.
    Day 23¡¼*3/4¡½Part A1. Difficulties can bring out a person¬ðs best qualities. (B)
    2. Does it make sense to let little children play with fireworks? (D)
    3. Dr. Salk failed many times but he finally broke down to find a successful way to solve the problem. (B)
    4. He got up a bit late this morning: usually he gets up at six. (B)
    5. He went over the whole list but still did not find his friend¬ðs name. (A)
    6. Have you taken out your passport£¿(D)
    7. He does nothing that runs against the interests of the collective. (B)
    8. He has passed through various adventures. (B)
    9. He is a friendly person, who gets on well with everyone at the office. (A)
    10. He lay rather than sat in the armchair. (B)

    Part B
    1. W: I can¬ðt decide whether to take anthropology or geology this term.
    M: It¬ðs six of one and half dozen of the other.
    Q: What does the man mean? (A)
    2. M: Did you really give away all your science texts when you moved?
    W: Only the outª²ofª²date once.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (C)
    3. W: I don¬ðt imagine you¬ðd have time to help me with this.
    M: As it happens, I would.
    Q: What does the man mean? (C)
    4. W: I¬ðm going to the drugstore to buy a birthday card for Ann Margaret.
    M: If you wait a minute, I¬ðll go with you. I need some aspirin.
    Q: What does the man go to the drugstore for? (B)
    5. M: Dick seems to think this year¬ðs football season will be disappointing.
    W: That¬ðs his opinion. Most others think differently.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (D)
    6. M: I don¬ðt know where to take Janet for dinner tonight.
    W: Have you ever been to that little French restaurant at Nightingale Broadway?
    Q: What does the woman mean? (C)
    7. M: I can¬ðt find the kind of jogging shoes I want anywhere in town.
    W: Why not order them from the catalog? It¬ðs easier than running round the town, looking for them.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (B)
    8. W: I¬ðll make your flight reservation by phone now, and then write out the ticket for you.
    M: That¬ðs fine. Can you please tell me the departure time again?
    Q: What is the man going to do? (B)
    9. W: What did you think about the play?
    M: What I didn¬ðt understand was the very beginning.
    Q: What does the man mean? (B)
    10. M: Gloria, are you going to send out invitations to the Johns?
    W: No, I got Jane to do it.
    Q: What has the woman done about the invitations? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. precious stones had very magic power
    2. the development of an individual¬ðs character
    3. would keep away the evil spirit
    4. some people still followed that tradition
    ¢ò
    Through all the swelter of change and development, your mission has been determined. Everything else in your professional career is but this vital dedication. All other public purposes will find others for their completion, but you are the ones trained to fight. Yours is the profession of arms, and the very obsession of your public service must be duty.

    Day 24¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. He was asked to set down the facts just as he remembered them. (A)
    2. He was such a genius that he almost excelled in everything he did. (A)
    3. He was very angry and tore up the letter. (C)
    4. Her new shoes were made of leather. (B)
    5. Her novels appeal to most of the middle school students. (C)
    6. I ran across an old schoolmate of mine in the street. (B)
    7. I came across this book in a secondhand bookstore on Nanjing Road. (D)
    8. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and above all in a quiet neighborhood. (B)
    9. I think the rain will soon leave off. (B)
    10. I want to buy a new tie to go with this brown suit. (C)

    Part B
    1. W: Your dormitory room isn¬ðt very large, is it?
    M: I can hardly turn around in it.
    Q: What does the man mean? (D)
    2. M: I can¬ðt seem to reach the tea at the back of the cupboard.
    W: You might strain you shoulder. Why don¬ðt you use the step stool?
    Q: What does the woman suggest? (A)
    3. W: Which hiking trail did Carol¬ðs group take?
    M: I think they set out for the lake?
    Q: According to the man, what happened to the group? (C)
    4. M: I wonder if a job like this can be handled by Alice?
    W: Well, if she can¬ðt handle it, no one can.
    Q: What does the woman imply about the job? (D)
    5. W: Are you still planning to go to the concert?
    M: You bet I am.
    Q: What does the man mean? (A)
    6. M: The snow is really coming down, isn¬ðt it?
    W: Rarely do we get so much snow in December.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (C)
    7. W: Mark didn¬ðt win that science award after all?
    M: Can you believe it? I thought for sure he would.
    Q: What is the man¬ðs point? (D)
    8. M: I¬ðd like to buy a copy of Professor Franklin¬ðs book on shells.
    W: I¬ðm sorry, sir. That book is being out of print for sometime now.
    Q: What does the woman say about the book? (B)
    9. M: I was expecting another hot, mucky day.
    W: But the wind¬ðs cooled things off, hasn¬ðt it?
    Q: What does the woman mean? (A)
    10. W: I can¬ðt wait to see the look on Ted¬ðs face when he opens up our gift.
    M: Neither can I.
    Q: What does the man mean? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. It  certainly is not that he goes into battle
    2. he holds his personal suffering of no account
    3. I will stand or fall for this cause
    4. preserve that same spirit of the soldier
    5. the same pride in civil warfare
    ¢ò
    Hardest hit by the avalanche of litigation is the medical profession. Medical personnel are hit with so many suits that statistics on malpractice litigation change frequently. Many legitimate suits result in wellª²publicized high awards. For example, in 1977, a San Francisco jury awarded a girl afflicted with cancer $7.6 million when an incompetent doctor administered radiation, causing her permanent paralysis.

    Day 25¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. The man who is truly educated, rather than narrowly trained, is ready for anything. (C)
    2. I will not spend so much money on that fur coat, for I don¬ðt think it is worth buying. (A)
    3. If English is not our first language, you can often be puzzled by ways of expression that the native speaker of English does not even have to think about. (B)
    4. If you keep off the bottle and cigarettes, you¬ðll be much healthier. (B)
    5. If we believe something is good and true, we should hold on to it. (C)
    6. Important people don¬ðt often have much free time as their work takes up all their time. (D)
    7. In their latest design, the company is clearly building upon the success of previous years. (B)
    8. It is not easy to learn English well, but if you hang on, you will succeed in the end. (C)
    9. When they had finished playing, the children were made to put out all the toys they had taken out. (B)
    10. The sports meeting, originally due to be held last Friday, was finally called off because of the bad weather. (D)

    Part B
    1. W: Where have you been? I never see you in the dorm any more.
       M: That¬ðs because I moved off campus at the beginning of semester.
       Q: What does the man say about himself? (D)
    2. M: Mary, have you met the studentª²body president yet?
       W: No, the person I want to meet is William.
       Q: What does Mary mean? (A)
    3. M: Can you help me put these things away?
       W: In a minute, I¬ðm almost through with this chapter.
       Q: What will the woman most likely do? (D)
    4. W: Joe would like us to save a place for him?
       M: For him? Won¬ðt he get to the theater before us?
       Q: What does the man think about Joe? (B)
    5. M: How many years of science did you have in high school?
       W: I had only one year each of biology and chemistry, I wish I had more.
       Q: How many science courses did the woman take in high school? (A)
    6. M: Dennis says he like to dance.
       W: But he doesn¬ðt do it often, does he?
       Q: What does the woman actually mean concerning Dennis? (C)
    7. M: Hello, can you tell me if the library will be open on Saturday?
       W: Hold the line, please, I¬ðll find out.
       Q: What does the woman tell the man to do? (A)
    8. W: Say, Dave, can you fill in for me tonight at the restaurant? I¬ðd like to go out of town.
       M: Sure Laura, if it¬ðs OK with your boss, when is your shift?
       Q: What has Dave promised? (D)
    9. M: The way Vincent speaks Italian, you would think he was a native?
       W: That probably because he is.
       Q: What do we know about Vincent? (A)
    10. W: Lee is thinking of buying a used car.
       M: Should he be doing that with all the other expenses he has?
       Q: What does the man think about Lee? (C)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. your intelligence varies from season to season
    2. climate and temperature have a definite effect on
    3. cool weather is more favorable for creative thinking
    4. are less intelligent in the summer
    5. large numbers of people tend to be lowest
    ¢ò
    If the present rate of deforestation is allowed to continue, the consequences for the earth will be great. We shall see a massive upsetting of ecosystems, large increases in soil erosion, increases in flooding and in drought, changes in rainfall patterns and regional, or quite possibly global, changes in climate; we shall also probably lose many rare plants and animal species.

    Day 26¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. I will inform you of my future plans.(B)
    2. I can probably knock up a meal if you wait a few minutes.(A)
    3. The garden is laid out according to the requirement of the customers.(C)
    4. I can¬ðt match him in math, but when it comes to English, he is not good as I.(D)
    5. The crowd quickly melted away when the storm broke.(B)
    6. His honesty is without question, nobody can doubt it.(D)
    7. The bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to work out the investment plan within a week. (A)
    8. You will wind up in prison if you go on behaving like that.(B)
    9. I applied for a job but they turned me down because I didn¬ðt know German.(D)
    10. I went to the tailor to try on my new dress.(C)

    Part B
    1. M: Mind if I leave my umbrella here in the hallway?
    W: Not at all, but first shake it off outside, would you?
    Q: What does the woman tell the man to do? (D)
    2. W: According to this article, the former basketball champion is going to try again. He is coming out of retirement for the third time.
    M: Is a comeback at his age at all likely?
    Q: What does the man mean about the former champion? (A)
    3. W: Thanks a lot; this scarf will be perfect with my blue and white hat.
    M: Made a good choice, did I?
    Q: What does the man imply? (C)
    4. W: Excuse me, could you bring me a glass of milk and a piece of bread.
    M: Sorry, but I am not a waiter.
    Q: What does the man mean? (A)
    5. M: If I can¬ðt find my wallet soon, I am going to have to report it stolen.
    W: Hold on. Before you call the campus security office, have you checked every possible place?
    Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? (A)
    6. W: I just read an ad in newspaper that said men suits were on sale today and tomorrow at Conrad plaza.
    M: Great, that¬ðs just what I am waiting for.
    Q: What would the man probably do? (B)
    7. W: I found a perfect book bag, but I am 30 dollars short. Can you...
    M: Don¬ðt look at me. I don¬ðt get paid this month.
    Q: What does the man imply? (D)
    8. W: I am bored with the same food everyday. Can we get some change?
    M: Let¬ðs cook something different Sunday night. How about a Chinese dish?
    Q: What do they most probably do on Sunday night? (C)
    9. M: The berries on this bush look kind of tasty. Do you think I should try one?
    W: I wouldn¬ðt, even the birds stay away from the bush.
    Q: What does the woman imply? (D)
    10. W: That¬ðs really a nice computer!
    M: Now, all I have to do is to figure out how to use it.
    Q: What does the man imply? (D)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. behavior that others expect of you
    2. instill an individual with confidence
    3. concentrate on the deal at hand
    4. risk coming off as a boorish
    5. formation of key business relationships
    ¢ò
    Pulling up a seedling in hope of helping it grow will have the opposite effect. We shouldn¬ðt make children feel they MUST read. Not only will it diminish children¬ðs interest and motivation toward reading, but unseen pressures will fall on their shoulders as well. Every night, schedule a time for the whole family to enjoy a warm reading moment!

    Day 27¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. They were following us but we threw them off.(D)
    2. After much argument we thrashed out a plan.(A)
    3. He was very angry and tore up the letter.(A)
    4. He takes after his father in every way.(A)
    5. She had summed up the main points of the lesson in three sentences.(C)
    6. The PLA men struggled against the flood.(C)
    7. She should stick to her promise.(B)
    8. The class is divided into three groups.(A)
    9. In spite of the rain, the football game will not be cancelled.(B)
    10. She always sits up for her daughter no matter how late it may be.(D)

    Part B
    1. W: I¬ðm taking Professor Smith¬ðs course this semester. Anything I need to know about it?
    M: If I were you, I¬ðd take careful notes. His exam is based on his lecture.
    Q: What advice does the man give to the woman? (D)
    2. W: Excuse me, but do you happen to have change for the parking meter?
    M: No, but if you go into the front restaurant, you¬ðll probably be able to change a dollar bill.
    Q: What does the woman want to do? (C)
    3. M: I¬ðve been invited to party at Janet¬ðs. Do you think I should bring something?
    W: You could bring some cakes. Strawberry is her favorite.
    Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? (A)
    4. W: I¬ðm sorry I missed your volleyball game, but I had flu.
    M: Don¬ðt worry about it. We couldn¬ðt have played it worse.
    Q: What does the man mean? (B)
    5. M: How is your new job going?
    W: Well, I am getting used to a lot of new things. But I wish the supervisor would give me more feedback.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (B)
    6. W: Do you know who the Father of America is?
    M: George Washington, I reckon.
    Q: What does the man mean? (A)
    7. M: Mary had promised to come to the party, but she didn¬ðt show up.
    W: How can she do that?
    Q: What does the woman imply? (A)
    8. M: Have you heard Lucy is leaving her place?
    W: Yes, but it¬ðs really hard to find anyone to fill her shoes.
    Q: What does the woman imply about Lucy? (D)
    9. W: Are you up to helping me with the mathematics assignment?
    M: I have already looked at it. It¬ðs over my head.
    Q: What does the man mean? (A)
    10. W: If anybody wants tickets for Saturday¬ðs concert, let me know. My roommate has one extra.
    M: How much does she ask for?
    Q: What does the man want to know? (B)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. presents the chance for nation building
    2. nine times out of ten
    3. king wanted more trade routes to tax
    4. was willing to do almost anything
    5. meant being willing to do almost anything
    ¢ò
    Experts found in a study that people between the ages of 21 and 34 have more anxiety over issues of right and wrong in their dreams ¡ª possibly because they are making crucial decisions about their career,  marriage, and life direction. People between the ages 35 to 49 have significantly less hostility toward others in their dreams, perhaps because they resolved those issues earlier.

    Day 28¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. He tried his best to shut in allª²wicked thoughts from his mind.(A)
    2. He shot at a bird, but missed it.(B)
    3. If you can shake off your friend, I¬ðd like to speak to you alone.(C)
    4. They have settled down very happily in their new home.(A)
    5. We had better send for a doctor at once.(D)
    6. We must not rule off the possibility of miscalculation.(B)
    7. I hope that some of her good qualities will rub off onto you.(C)
    8. The desire could easily be rooted in.(A)
    9. The accident resulted in the deaths of two passengers.(B)
    10. We mustn¬ðt rely on sheer enthusiasm and substitute our personal feelings for policy.(A)

    Part B
    1. W: What do you want to do tonight?
    M: There¬ðs supposed to be a good film on channel four.
    Q: What does the man mean? (A)
    2. W: Do you want to go with us to Jennifer¬ðs show tonight? The ticket will be $300.
    M: Three hundred dollars? Do you think I am a millionaire?
    Q: What can be inferred about the man? (D)
    3. W: I¬ðll be ready in a few minutes; I just have to finish the job at hand.
    M: Oh, I¬ðll go down the lobby for some reading.
    Q: What will the man probably do? (A)
    4. W: On my way here, I got this purse. What do you think I should do?
    M: Take it to the lostª²andª²found office downstairs.
    Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?(D)
    5. W: My watch stopped again.
    M: Why don¬ðt you try a new battery?
    Q: What does the man mean? (B)
    6. W: The letter took forever to arrive.
    M: But it did arrive, didn¬ðt it?
    Q: What does the man say about the letter? (B)
    7. M: Have you seen this postcard from Jane? It¬ðs Florida.
    W: Oh, so she is there.
    Q: What does the woman assume about Jane? (A)
    8. W: Thanks for the note you left for me.
    M: Oh, so you did get it. I had thought you won¬ðt.
    Q: What had the man assumed? (D)
    9. M: You are decorating my room, but you have gotten though?
    W: I¬ðm just taking it one step at a time.
    Q: What does the woman imply? (D)
    10. W: Shouldn¬ðt someone pick up the clothes from outside, it¬ðs raining?
    M: Don¬ðt look at me!
    Q: What does the man mean? (B)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. many povertyª²stricken people out of
    2. to charities all over America
    3. looks for the worse in all stories
    4. a teenager has problems in life
    5. people complain about the rap lyrics
    ¢ò
    The ancestors of Native Americans began arriving on our continent about thirty thousand years ago. By the time of Columbus, more than seven hundred tribes lived in North America. These tribes were highly diverse, having different languages, customs, and governments. The Native Americans were primarily hunters and gatherers. They later developed agriculture, and most Native Americans were peaceful people.

    Day 29¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. Some of his projects were hardly in accord with their interests.(B)
    2. We must allow for the train being late.(A)
    3. The song was so beautiful that it made me catch my breath(D)
    4. The crisis in our industry was brought on by intense competition.(A)
    5. The light bulb in the bathroom burnt out.(C)
    6. As there was a power cutting in the hospital, the surgeon had to call off the operation.(D)
    7. The enterprise may be dangerous, but we don¬ðt care about that.(A)
    8. The record shows that he checked in at the hotel on Sunday evening and checked out on Monday morning.(C)
    9. Young as he was, he showed his capability of dealing with various problems.(D)
    10. A few years of effort could dispose of the housing shortage.(C)

    Part B
    1. M: What have they decided to call the stadium?
    W: No one has come up with anything yet.
    Q: What does the woman say about the stadium? (D)
    2. M: Would you like to stop for a rest?
    W: Oh, let¬ðs keep going. We are almost getting to the top.
    Q: What does the woman want to do? (D)
    3. W: We are going to the cafeteria now. Aren¬ðt you coming?
    M: I am waiting for a phone call.
    Q: What does the man imply? (A)
    4. W: Why does Carol have to spend so much time in the library now?
    M: To finish the paper before the exam.
    Q: What does the man say about Carol? (C)
    5. W: Look at the mess! And the guests will be arriving in a minute!
    M: Take it easy. I¬ðll make it spotless then.
    Q: What is the man going to do? (B)
    6. W: Are you up to helping me repair the bicycle?
    M: I¬ðve meant to, but it¬ðs beyond my head.
    Q: What does the man mean? (B)
    7. M: Does John still smoke?
    W: I haven¬ðt seen him light up since the baby was born.
    Q: What does the woman imply? (D)
    8. M: I don¬ðt understand how this budget is calculated?
    W: Let me have a look.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (C)
    9. W: I¬ðm going to the snack bar for a cup of tea. Would you like me to bring you something back?
    M: Not from a snack bar, but could you pick a paper for me?
    Q: What does the man mean? (C)
    10. M: Huh, I¬ðm exhausted. I stayed up the whole night studying for my history midª²term examination.
    W: Why do you always wait till the last minute?
    Q: What can be inferred about the man? (A)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. things like the fastest autogiro
    2. spend much of their time moving
    3. consists mainly of furª²bearing animals
    4. beaver as their national animal
    5. the majority of Canadians
    ¢ò
    ¡°Every man has a fool in his sleeve¡± means everyone should be modest and prudent. A person may laugh up his sleeve. That is, he may hide his laughter though he is much amused by something. On the other hand, some people wear their hearts on their sleeves. They are in the habit of showing their feelings to others.

    Day 30¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    1. Could you enlarge upon your suggestion?(B)
    2. He found it hard to suppress his envy of his brother¬ðs success.(C)
    3. Everyone admired the way she faced out the opposition in the debate.(B)
    4. When she started insulting everyone during the television interview, they faded her down and showed an advertisement.(B)
    5. Where this plan falls down is that it doesn¬ðt allow enough time for possible delays.(D)
    6. The information is fed back to the appropriate government department.(B)
    7. Can you fill in for Steve tonight as he¬ðs ill?(A)
    8. The news slowly filtered through to everyone in the office.(B)
    9. Mary joined the local drama club but didn¬ðt seem to fit in.(A)
    10. Even though he followed all the instructions carefully, he couldn¬ðt get the machine to work.(A)

    Part B
    1. M: Let¬ðs go and watch the firework tonight?
    W: I¬ðve had the ticket for the theatre.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (B)
    2. W: I have to be at the dentist¬ðs at 7:30 tomorrow morning.
    M: Then you won¬ðt miss any class.
    Q: What can we know about the woman? (C)
    3. M: How long since you last saw Lucy?
    W: I bumped into her in the supermarket just last week?
    Q: What does the woman mean? (B)
    4. M: The forecast is for a chilly winter. Are you prepared?
    W: Not really. I¬ðm waiting for the next sale to get a down jacket.
    Q: What does the woman imply in the conversation? (B)
    5. W: Do you know on what day Tracy was born? We need to prepare something for her birthday.
    M: Don¬ðt ask me. I¬ðm not good with dates.
    Q: What does the man mean? (A)
    6. M: I am going to the market this afternoon. Can I pick anything up for you?
    W: No, thanks. I¬ðve just come back from supermarket by myself.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (B)
    7. W: Did you pick up my book from Kevin¬ðs house?
    M: Oh. Sorry, it slipped my mind.
    Q: What does the man mean? (B)
    8. M: Could you lend me your mathematic notes?
    W: Do you think that you will be able to make out my handwriting?
    Q: What does the woman imply about her notes? (C)
    9. M: You know I¬ðve been watering the flowers regularly. But they are still not doing well in my balcony.
    W: Maybe instead of keeping them in the corner, you should put them directly in front of the window.
    Q: What does the woman imply about the flowers? (A)
    10. M: Would you come with us to get some coffee?
    W: I¬ðm off caffeine, medical restriction.
    Q: What does the woman mean? (B)

    Part C
    ¢ñ
    1. prefer to own their own houses
    2. surround the cities for many miles
    3. a higher level of production
    4. utilized the land and made it productive
    5. water is a precious possession
    ¢ò
    Science has a simple faith: the privilege of man to learn and to understand. If we abandon this mission under stress, we shall abandon it forever, for stress will not cease. Knowledge for the sake of understanding, not merely to prevail, is the essence of our being. None can define its limits, or set its ultimate boundaries.

    Intensive Stage

    Day 31¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A  Answers:
    1. 102. 53. 74. library5. academic

    Thank you for coming to this meeting for students remaining on campus during the 10ª²day winter break. As the dean of students, it¬ðs my responsibility to explain the vacation arrangements and to have you fill out forms giving the dates you will be on campus. To reduce heating costs, Butler Hall will be the only dormitory open, all the others will close at 5 p.m. on Friday February 7th, and will not open until 6 p.m. on February 16th. Once we have your completed forms, we will assign you a room in Butler Hall. Please move all the belongings you¬ðll need to your temporary accommodation by the 7th, as it will not be possible to reopen the other dorms during the 10 days, once they have been closed. Most college facilities will be closed during the vacation. These facilities include the gymnasium, the college store and the dinning halls. The library and computer center will be open, though on a reduced schedule. Only the post office and the college administration offices will maintain their regular hours. Since I imagine most of you are staying here to finish up academic projects of one sort or another. Let me wish you luck with your work. If you have any special problems, please do not hesitate to contact me at the dean¬ðs office.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. football2. money3. track4. cameras5. excitement

    Man:Hi, Shirley, are you going to the football game today?
    Woman: Not necessarily to it, I¬ðm planning to watch it on TV instead.
    Man: Why is that? Do you feel too poor this close to the end of the month?
    Woman: Money is not the problem. I find it easier to follow football on TV than in the stadium. When I see the game in person, I feel as if I am too far away from the action, and I always lose track of the ball.
    Man: I know just what you mean. Besides, on TV the new cameras they are using can give you super views of all the plays. But there is always so much excitement, people cheering and shouting when you are there in person. The enthusiasm is catching and I end up cheering along with every one else.
    Woman: You are right here, but I would like to know exactly what I am yelling for and if I can¬ðt see who has the ball, I can¬ðt get very excited. So I really prefer watching it on TV.
    Man: I see your point. It is a pity that I can¬ðt watch the game together with you in the stadium. Well, enjoy the game.
    Woman: Thank you. Wish you all the same.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. 52. 33. sketching4. landscapes5. 6788253

    Man: Excuse me, Prof. Western, could I speak to you now?
    Woman: Yes, of course, but only for 5 minutes. I have a meeting to attend at 3 o¬ðclock. So is that OK?
    Man: I think this will be quick. You know that I need your permission to register for your advanced sketching course.
    Woman: Have you taken the prerequisite, the beginning sketching course?
    Man: No, and that¬ðs just why I am here to talk to you. The catalogue says that the instructor can give permission to register without the prerequisite.
    Woman: Um, that¬ðs correct. And have you had any previous experience?
    Man: I¬ðve got lots of sketch books full of my work, but I have had no formal training before.
    Woman: So did you bring any of your work with you?
    Man:  Certainly. Here are some examples, ...most of them are flowers and landscapes.
    Woman: Ah, they look pretty good. But I really don¬ðt have time to make a decision right now. Why don¬ðt you give them to me and I will review them this evening? I will let you know the result tomorrow.
    Man: OK. Thanks a lot. I really appreciate it. And my phone number is 6788253.

    Day 32¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. garden2. tree3. 17754. 18645. tourists

    Ladies and gentlemen, our bus is approaching Cambridge, Massachusetts where we will stop to eat. We will have lunch in the garden of the restaurant, overlooking a park that has an interesting history. This park commemorates a very famous tree. Because legend has it that George Washington took command in the Continental Army in 1775 under its very branches. It was almost 100 years later, in 1864, that the city of Cambridge placed the plague on the tree to celebrate the event that made it famous. At that moment, the tree was called ¡°the Washington Elm¡±. In due time, the tree gradually succumbed to the attacks of the insects, and lost much of its beauty. It was destroyed in a storm at the end of the century. But that¬ðs not the end of the story. The remains of the tree were cut down and the concentric growth rings were counted to find out how old it was. Well, it seems that Washington had accepted the command of the army beneath it. He must have done so on his knees. This particular elm couldn¬ðt have been more than 3 or 4 years old in 1775. It is a wellª²known fact that Washington took command in a ceremony under an elm tree. But unfortunately, it couldn¬ðt have been the ¡°famous Washington Elm¡±.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. presentation2. 203. 10ª²minute4. weather5. 45

    Woman: Jim, thank goodness, you have arrived! The class presentation started half an hour ago. And I was just beginning to panic.
    Man: Sorry, I¬ðm late. This morning has been a real mess.
    Woman: Why are you late? Our whole presentation depends on those graphs you are holding.
    Man: Yes, I know. I will tell you about it later. First, let¬ðs see how we are doing for  time. Two groups are still ahead of us, aren¬ðt they? That means I have got about twenty minutes to thaw out.
    Woman: You do look cold. What happened?
    Man:  I¬ðve been standing outside in arctic temperatures for over an hour waiting for a bus.
    Woman: Over an hour! But I thought your apartment was only a ten minute bus ride to the campus.
    Man: But the bus was delayed because of the weather. And when I stepped into a drug store to call home for a ride, the bus went by. As luck would have it, there was no one at home so I had to wait another fortyª²five minutes for the next bus.
    Woman:  That¬ðs Murphy¬ðs Law. What was it he said? If anything can go wrong, it will. Well, we¬ðve still got twenty minutes to gather our wits together.
    Man: We¬ðd better stop talking. People are turning around and looking at us.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. 4002. 100ª°0003. 34. 75. 9:00

    Welcome to the College Library services. We have a wellª²stocked bank of resources, which are in two main locations. One is the library itself, with books and periodicals; the other is the selfª²access language center, with audio and video material. I¬ðll start with the library, as you have to pass through it in order to reach the other one. The library provides study places for about 400 readers. The books stocked number over 100ª°000 volumes, including bound periodicals. About 1,200 periodicals and current issues are displayed.
    We have two main sections for books and another for periodicals and journals. The books are in two categories: those for general loan and those for reference. General loan books are all on the first floor and full time students can borrow them for three weeks. Upstairs you will see our Reference Section. It includes current abstracts and indexed journals, general and special bibliographies, general English and European language encyclopedias, a set of British Standards, substantial collections of British government publications and sets of maps of Scotland, all in addition to other reference materials of a general and specialized interest. As you know, reference books may not be taken out under any circumstances.
    The library opens from 8:30 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. from Monday to Friday and 9:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. on weekends and holidays.

    Day 33¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. 222. 249.503. 584124. check5. 3

    Clerk: 3418564. Can I help you?
    Steve: Yes. I¬ðd like to order a bicycle I¬ðve seen in your catalogue. With a 22ª²inch frame.
    Clerk: Bicycle? Well, we have three different models. Could you quote the reference number, please?
    Steve: I¬ðll just have a look. Here it isª²Number AD58402.
    Clerk: All right, I¬ðll just key that in. That¬ðs the turning model at $185.
    Steve: No, wait a moment. I want the sports model.
    Clerk: If you check, sir, you¬ðll see that the sports model one is $249.50. The  reference number is AD58412.
    Steve: It¬ðs the sports model I want. Will you take the order down?
    Clerk: Sure. Could I have your name and address? Or do you have account number?
    Steve: I might have, but I can¬ðt tell you what the number is right now.
    Clerk: We can look it up at this end. It doesn¬ðt matter. Would you give me your name and address, then?
    Steve: Yes, it¬ðs Steve Brown of 31 Green Road, Euston Center in New York.
    Clerk: And how would you like to pay? By check or by credit card?
    Steve: I¬ðll pay by check as usual. When can I expect it?
    Clerk: It should reach you within three weeks. Let us know if it doesn¬ðt. We¬ðll enclose the bill with the bicycle.
    Steve: OK. Thank you.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. hunting2. 3403. 20ª°0004. Gardens5. 16th

    Here are some figures for the tourists visiting the Royal Parks. The Royal Parks are the property of the crown and were originally the grounds of Royal homes or palaces. In central London these include Hyde Park ¡ª originally a hunting forest belonging to Henry VIII. It now consists of 340 acres of trees and grass intersected by paths, with boating and swimming on the Serpentines Lake and horse riding in Rotten Row. Hyde Park is one of the most popular attractions. In 1990 almost 20ª°000 people visited the park.

    Kensington Gardens are formal gardens covering 274 acres and containing Kensington Palace. There you can visit the Round Pond, The Albert Memorial and the Statue of Peter pan, the famous fairª²tail figure created by Barrie. About 10ª°000 people visited the park in 1990.

    Regent¬ðs Park was also part of Henry VIII¬ðs hunting forest in the 16th century. Today it contains the London zoo, a boating lake, the Regent¬ðs canal and an openª²air theatre. It is one of the most popular attractions with over 25ª°000 visitors each year. The number of visitors to Regent¬ðs Park increased after a children¬ðs zoo was opened, resulting in a sharp rise from 25ª°000 to 32ª°000 in 1990.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. 18832. 43. 54. 55. 6

    Before 1883, most cities in the United States had their own time. This made many problems for the railroad companies. Their trains went to more than 300 different cities. Every city had a different time.

    In 1883, William Allen made a plan to divide the United States into four different parts called time zones. This made things easier for the railroad companies. Now every city in the same time zone has the same time.

    Today most parts of the U. S. have daylight saving time for five months of the year. People want to have more daylight hours after work. They want to have fun outdoors during this daytime. People turn their clocks forward one hour before they go to bed on the last Sunday in April. They turn them back one hour before they go to bed on the last Sunday in October.

    We can¬ðt save an hour of daylight to use when we need it. We can only change what the clock says. Before we changed the clock, it was light in the morning at 5 o¬ðclock. With daylight saving time, it gets light at 6 o¬ðclock in the morning. Of course, the number of daylight hours is the same.

    Day 34¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. moon2. solar3. 114. Italian5. mentally

    Although the practice of the Old Roman religion disappeared many centuries ago, some traces of the Roman gods are still present in our daily vocabulary. The name of the Roman sun god, Sol, and the moon goddess, Luna, are used frequently in our language.

    The word solar describes anything pertaining to the sun, and lunar anything pertaining to the moon. For example, the sun and the planets circling it are called the solar system. The period of time in which the earth circles the sun once is a solar year. The moon takes one lunar month to circle the earth. A lunar year of 12 lunar months is 11 days shorter than a solar year.

    In some cases, our language shows how these heavenly bodies affect us directly. A room or place for sun bathing is often called a solarium. We get our word parasol from the Italian word meaning ¡°a guard against the sun¡±. For many centuries, it was believed that the moon affected people who were mentally ill were often referred to as lunatics.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. 402. 693. 19274. Russian5. interpreter

    For more than 40 years, Charles E. Bohlen schooled himself intensively in all things about Russian ¡ª from Czarist history to revolutionary poetry. And when 69ª²yearª²old Bohlen died of cancer in Washington last week, he left a gap in American understanding of its chief adversary that will be difficult to fill.

    As the son of a prosperous South Carolina banker, the tall, handsome Bohlen drifted into the Russian field almost by accident. After graduating from Harvard in 1927, Bohlen joined the state department just as Washington, looking ahead to recognition of the Bolshevik regime, began to form a team of soviet specialists. Tapped for intensive training, he was soon dispatched to France to learn Russian at the University of Paris and practice it in the salons of white Russian ¨¦migr¨¦s.

    He was convinced that it was in Washington¬ð s interest to try to deal with the Kremlin, and he was a natural choice as Roosevelt¬ðs official interpreter at the wartime summits in Teheran and Yalta, where he was privy to the most controversial decision in U.S.ª²Soviet history.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. 236ª°0002. 51%3. 99ª°0004. 128ª°0005. 463ª°000

    Today universities do not have a monopoly of the best students. Both the polytechnics and the colleges of education recruit very qualified students, principally because they are offering the sort of education the students are seeking. I am particularly anxious that we should get good teachers, that we should get a wide range of courses, and that the facilities for students ¡ª particularly in the unions ¡ª should be good.

    How many students are now going into forms of higher education other than the universities? In the last set of figures we have available, for 1971 to 1972, the number of students in universities was 236ª°000 ¡ª which is 51 percent of the student population ¡ª 99ª°000 for advanced further education ¡ª which is 21 percent ¡ª 128ª°000 for colleges of education ¡ª which is 28 percent. So of the 463ª°000 fullª²time or sandwich course students ¡ª 51 percent were in universities and 49 percent were in nonª²university forms of higher education. This is a figure which many people have not grasped. In the popular mind the universities bulk so large they tend to forget the other of higher education.

    What we are trying to provide outside the universities is an increasingly wide range of higher and further educational opportunities and choices available to schoolª²leavers. I think we should make higher education available to an everª²increasing number of students.

    Day 35¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. airª²conditioning2. 55%3. 5.5%4. 7.5%5.  25%

    Americans are energy hogs. Millions of us consider it our Godª²given right to have two impressively large cars in the garage, a boat for summer water motoring, numerous electrical appliances and of course airª²conditioning. This is all very pleasant, but much of this vast amount of energy is derived from oil. We always assumed that we had ample supplies of oil, but now, quite suddenly, the headlines are screaming energy crisis.

    The harsh and inescapable fact is that the Arab nations and their allies in the Middle East control 55 percent of the world¬ðs proved oil reserves. A second fact is that American oil consumption is growing at a ratio of about 7.5 percent a year. Third, the United States has only about 5.5 percent of the world¬ð s oil ¡ª a tenth of the Arabs¬ð reserves. We could get along without Middle East oil now, but by 1980, if we continue to burn oil at the present rate of increase, we shall be depending on the Arabs oil barons for 25 percent of our crude.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. industry2. 1 billion3. first4. 200ª°0005. wealth

    The central fact of late nineteenthª²century American history was that the country within slightly more than a generation¬ðs time had changed from a predominantly agricultural society to an industrial power. Most of the other developments of the period flowed from the central fact of industrialization.
 
   In 1894£¬ the total value of American manufactured products was about $1 billion; by 1899 the figure had risen to $13 billion. In 1860 about 1,300ª°000 wage earners worked in manufacturing; in 1890 there were about 4ª°250ª°000. In 1860 the United States ranked fourth among the nations of the world in industrial production; in 1900 it ranked first. In an age when railroads were the only practical means of hauling freight distances overland, railroad track mileage was significant. Railroad national transportation system was vital to a national market, and a large market was a prerequisite of mass production. In 1850 there were about 9ª°000 miles of railroad track in America; in 1900, there were about 200ª°000 miles, not counting siding and yard track. In sum, industry supplanted as the primary way of creating wealth.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. 2002. Polish3. 17954. 19175. equality

    Jews have lived in Russia for less than two hundred years. The absence of Jews prior to the late eighteenth century was not a chance occurrence but resulted from a well defined and clearly articulated government policy. The Orthodox Church held as a basic tenet the ancient Christian teaching that the ¡°Jews¡± as an entity killed Christ and thus were to be regarded as rootless and homeless persons, doomed to spend their earthly days wandering the earth.

    By the last quarter of the eighteenth century, however, Russian expansionism created the problem of absorbing the vast Jewish population of the Polish Empire. In 1795 Russia received a large or great portion of former Polish territory and with it approximately one million Jews. As a result of this development, Russia became the home of the single largest concentration of Jews in the world. The Jewish Community was heavily taxed and lost many of its young men to a twentyª²year period of military conscription.

    The revolution of 1917 brought a significant change to the difficult pattern of Russian Jewish existence. Antiª²Jewish legislation was abolished and Jews were granted full civic equality. Antiª²Semitism was declared a punishable crime, and orders were issued to all Soviets to destroy the antiª²Jewish movement at its roots.

    Day 36¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
 
   1. 32. 5th3. 2004. 2015. 9What will happen when human beings are deprived of a long period of sleep for a long period of time? To Answer this question, a New Yorker, Pete Tripp, offered to stay awake 200 hours. During this time Tripp was observed by a group of doctors who reported on his progress.

    After three days of staying awake, he began to show signs of mental breakdown. He laughed at things that were not funny and wept at things that were not sad.

    On the fifth day he cried out that a doctor¬ðs jacket looked like crawling worms. Then he imagined he was in another city. He tried to run away from the building, insisting it was on fire. And he thought the 200ª²hour mark had been passed but the doctors were still to keep the experiment going. After 200 hours without sleep, Tripp, said the doctors, was suffering from ¡°mental illness¡±. Then Tripp was helped across the street to a room in a hotel. There, after being awake for 201 hours and thirteen minutes, he fell asleep. Tripp slept all right for nine hours, when he awoke, his first words were¡°I feel fine.¡± After a medical check, his greatly surprised watchers pronounced him fit. The next day he was back at work.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. 3652.1/43.Rome4. April5. February

    Long before clocks and watches were invented, man had already been able to tell the time. How? Firstly with the aid of natural elements, like the sun and the stars, and then with the use of devices, like the sundial £¨ÈÕêУ©and the hourglass£¨É³Â©£©.
 
   The early Egyptians concluded that there were 365 days in a year. However, because they failed to add 1/4 of a day for each year. Our modern calendars take into account this fact and that is why February has 29 days every leap year(ÈòÄê).

    During the middle Ages, the Gregorian calendar followed the names used in the Julian Calendar (as it was called) where the months of January, March, May and June were all named after Roman gods namely Janis, Mars, Maya and Juno respectively. April was named after a Greek goddess Aphrodite, and the months of July and August were named after Julius Caesar and Emperor Augustus of Rome. The last four mouths September, October, November and December were all derived from Latin words which stand for the numbers seven, eight, nine and the days of the week are also descended from Roman names.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. 62. 33. 24. 2805. 420

    As prices and building costs keep rising, the ¡°Doª²Itª²Yourself¡±(DIY) trend in the U.S. continues to grow.
 
   ¡°We needed furniture for our living room,¡± says John Ross, ¡°and we just didn¬ðt have enough money to buy some. So we decided to try making a few.¡± John got married six months ago, and like many young people, they are struggling to make a home at a time when the cost of living is very high. The Ross¬ðs took a 2ª²week course for $280 at a night school. Now they build all their furniture and make repairs around the house.

    Jim Hatfield has three boys and his wife died. He has a full time job at home as well as in a shoeª²making factory. Last month, he received a car repair bill for $420. ¡°I was deeply upset about it. Now I¬ðve finished a car repair course, I should be able to fix the car by myself.¡±

    John and Jim are not unusual people. Most families in the country are doing everything they can to save money so they can fight the high cost of living. If you want to become a ¡°Doª²Itª²Yourselfer¡±, you can go to DIY classes. And for those who don¬ðt have time to take a course, there are books that tell you how you can do things yourself.

    Day 37¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. 22. 43. 34. 15. 14

    Hello and welcome to the university library. This taped tour will introduce you to our library¬ðs facilities and operating hours.

    First of all, the library¬ðs book collections, reference material and other resources are found on levels one to four of this building. Level one houses our humanities and map collections. On level two you will find our circulation desk, current periodicals and  journals, and our computer and copy facilities. Our science and engineering sections can be found on level three. You will also find back issues of periodicals and journals older than six months on this level. Finally, group study rooms and microfilm collections, and our audiovisual center are located on level four. Undergraduate students can check out up to five books for two weeks, graduate students can check out fifteen books for two months. Books can be renewed up to two times. There is a 50ª²cents aª²day late fee for overdue books up to a maximum of fifteen dollars. Periodicals and reference books can not be checked out. The library is open weekdays, 8 a.m. to 10 p.m., and on Saturdays from 9 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. The library is closed on Sundays.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. 10ª°0002. 20003. 15004. 7005. 500

    Who, then, are today¬ðs Britons and what kind of people are they? The history of human habitation and settlement in Britain goes back to the Stone Age hunters and gatherers who arrived from the European continent about 10ª°000 years ago. The Neolithic peoples who followed them were settled agriculturalists who kept domestic animals and knew how to make simple pottery. Around 2000 BC these Stone Age people started to erect huge monuments, or henges of giant rock slabs, possibly for religious purposes. Work on the henges continued intermittently into the Bronze Age, untill about 1500BC. The most imposing and mysterious of these ancient monuments is Stonehenge, on windswept Salisbury plain in southwest England.

    Easy communication between the island and the continental mainland must have existed and from earliest times this encouraged migration. By the end of the Bronze Age around 700BC, Celtic peoples had arrived from north western Europe bringing with them a revolutionary new skill: iron working. Celts continued to come and settle in Britain and the various Celtic kingdoms then flourishing in England, Wales and the Scottish lowland for about 500 years.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. secretary2. 10:303. monthly4. 7:005. Tuesday

    JIM: Ms Reynolds, I¬ðve your schedule for next Monday.
    IRENE: Thanks, Jim. Am I going to have any free time?
    JIM: It will be a pretty busy day.
    IRENE: Let¬ðs start with the morning.
    JIM: From 8:00 to 10:00 you are going to have breakfast with the vice presidents. Then you will drive to the new factory. Around 10:30, there will be a tour of the new building.
    IRENE: How long is that?
    JIM: About an hour.
    IRENE: And after that?
    JIM: At one o¬ðclock, the managers from Chicago and New York will be here for the monthly meeting.
    IRENE: OK.
    JIM: At seven o¬ðclock, you are going to the TV station for an interview with a TV newswoman. Just a few questions about the new factory.
    IRENE: Anything else?
    JIM: One more. The Business Club dinner.
    IRENE: Ok. And I¬ðve already written the speech for that.
    JIM: So, you will get there around 8:00. They are planning to serve dinner at 8:30, and you are going to give your speech at 9:30. The dinner meeting will end at eleven. By the way, I am sure the food will be delicious.
    IRENE: Hmm. I will go on a diet on Tuesday. Thanks for your work, Jim.

    Day 38¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1.  exams2. Economics3. politics4. family5. president

    ANN: John, you work too hard. Let¬ðs go and sit in the park.
    JOHN: I can¬ðt. Final exams are next week.
    ANN: But, John ...You¬ðve already known that you are going to go to Harvard! What are you going to major in, anyway?
    JOHN: I am taking Business and Economics. How about you?
    ANN: I¬ðm going to work for my dad for a year. I will go to college the year after that.
    JOHN: What do you want to study?
    ANN: I¬ðm not sure. I would like to study literature or art. So, do you want to work for a big company after college, or do you want to have your own business?
    JOHN: Neither. I hope to get into law school after I finish at Harvard.
    ANN: Wow. You are ambitious!
    JOHN: What kind of job do you want to do after college?
    ANN: I¬ðd like to work nine to five. I guess you will be a lawyer.
    JOHN: Uhª²huh. I¬ðd like to practice law for a few years, and then I hope to go to politics.
    ANN: I just hope to have a steady work and a nice family.
    JOHN: Really? I want to make a lot of money.
    ANN: Anything else?
    JOHN: Sure ...I¬ðd like to be president someday!

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. hotels2. 33. restaurant4. cheaper5. downtown

    JACK:Excuse me, Elaine. Do you know any hotels in Boston? The boss is sending me there, and I have to find a place to stay.
    ELAINE: I know...There are The Midtown, The Boston Bay, and The Fairfield.
    JACK: What are the locations? I will be downtown most of the time.
    ELAINE: The Midtown has the best location. The Boston Bay is also good, but The Fairfield is not downtown at all.
    JACK: I¬ðve read about The Boston Bay. It is also the newest hotel in Boston, isn¬ðt it?
    ELAINE: Yeah, I think so. It is the biggest, and it has a very good restaurant. But I think it is the most expensive.
    JACK: I have to keep my expenses down. What about the Midtown?
    ELAINE: I have a hotel guide book here. Let me check. The Midtown is cheaper than The Boston Bay. Oh, but it doesn¬ðt have a restaurant.
    JACK: Could you check up The Fairfield?
    ELAINE: Sure. The room rates are the cheapest, probably because it is not downtown. My parents stayed at The Fairfield last year. It is a really nice, old hotel. They ate in the restaurant there. It is one of the best in Boston.
    JACK: Well, The Midtown sounds best. Could you reserve a room for me there?
    ELAINE: Sure.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. Japan2. dinner3. Tuesday4. 8:005. disco

    BOB:Mandy, I heard that you are going to go back to Japan pretty soon.
    MANDY: That is right, and boy, I am really busy!
    BOB: I can imagine. But listen ... I would like to get together with you before you go. Would you like to go out for dinner one night?
    MANDY: That is a great idea! Let me see ... Monday night is no good. I have to study for the final exam.
    BOB: Me, too, but I am free on Tuesday. How about going out that night?
    MANDY: I am afraid I can¬ðt. I¬ðm going out for dinner with Nancy at 6:30.
    BOB: Are you going to the last class party on Friday night? Let¬ðs go out for dinner before the party. It doesn¬ðt start until 8:00p.m.
    MANDY: I know, but it is a potluck party, so we can¬ðt go out before that. I love to eat, but I cannot eat two dinners.
    BOB: There is always Saturday night. Are you busy then?
    MANDY: No ... Saturday night I am free.
    BOB: I am going to a disco with a group of friends. Do you want to join us?
    MANDY: I¬ðd really like to have a quiet dinner instead. Oh! Can I call you back? Someone is at the door.
    BOB: Sure. I will be home all afternoon.

    Day 39¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. 42. 23. 2194. 12.605. 12

    W:Which class would you like to enroll for?
    M: The Modern Guitar. Any vacancies?
    W: There are eleven enrolments on the list. So that means we have four places left. The class seems to be filling up much more quickly this year. You will find the details in this brochure.
    M: Will it be starting next week?
    W: It is due to begin on Tuesday, 7 P.M. to 9 P.M. Shall I put you down? We will have stopped taking any more names by this evening.
    M: Where is the course held?
    W: In the Main Building, second Floor, Room 219. Immediately opposite the library. There are posters of pop groups on the walls.
    M: What will I need for the first lesson?
    W: A guitar, of course. And also a student tuition book. There are copies on sale. We get them quite a bit cheaper from an educational supplier, so you can buy one at a bargain price.
    M: How much is it?
    W: The course fee is 12.60 dollars a term. That is twelve weeks. The student book costs 1.50 dollars and if you don¬ðt own a guitar presumably you will have to buy or borrow one. You can get a secondª²hand one for around 20 to 50 dollars, depending on the sound quality and general condition.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. 21st2. 450%3. 1004. 185. 800

    Because power demand is increasing very rapidly, fossil fuels will be exhausted within a relatively short time. We can estimate the amount of recoverable fuel under the surface of the Earth, and we know the rate at which it is being extracted. Fairly simple calculations can therefore determine its remaining life. If present trends continue, gas and oil reserves will be exhausted by the middle of the 21st century ¡ª about 60 years from now. Similar estimates for coal reserves suggest a projected supply of 250 to 300 years. Of course, long before fossil fuels are exhausted, demand will greatly exceed supply. For too many years, the world has consumed fossil fuels with little thought for the future. In fact, world energy consumption increased almost 600% between 1900 and 1965, and is projected to increase another 450% between 1965 and the year 2010. Crude oil has been pumped out of the ground for about 100 years, but over oneª²half of it has been consumed in the past 18 years. Coal has been mined for over 800 years, but over oneª²half of it has been extracted in the past 37 years. In sum, most of the world¬ðs consumption of energy from fossil fuels throughout all history has taken place within living memory.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. 6:002. 903.  3:304. educational5. 11

    Here we are at the beginning of a new television season. Let¬ðs look at the best of the new and the old shows. First, let¬ðs talk about the daily shows. I think the best show in on Channel Six from 6:00 to 7:00 every night. Johnson has read the news on this show for many years. He¬ðs dependable and so is his team of news people. They always do their difficult job well. The same channel is good for lateª²night watching. At 11:30 every night, Ted talks with famous people on his ninetyª²minute show, ¡°Nighttime¡±. He always has interesting people on. This week, three beautiful movie stars are going to talk about their new films. In the afternoons, only Channel Eleven has a good children¬ðs show, ¡°The Children¬ðs Room¡± at 3:30. This show has educational cartoons. They keep children happy and entertained for hours. Channel Three has the best game shows, and then watch this one. They ask interesting questions and give away a lot of money. It¬ðs a good way to learn about the world, too. The two best soap operas are ¡°A Doctor¬ðs World¡±, channel six, 12:00 noon and ¡°All My Tomorrow¡±, channel eleven, 2:00. The stories are good and you can see some wonderful actors and actresses.

    Day 40¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. 19712. 123. 204. 19985. 1999

    Ricky Martin was born on Christmas Eve, 1971. He was brought up on the island of Puerto Rico. Martin was born a performer and he became part of the show business world early on. Martin was determined for a small boy; having a charm and personality, which helped him in his career. At 12, Martin joined a local singing group, and eventually became the leader singer. At 20, Ricky Martin branched out on his own as a solo singer. An appearance in the Broadway musical ¡°Les miserables¡± gave Ricky Martin chance to push his musical style and experience. In 1998, the hit song ¡°La Copa de la Vida¡± was No.1 in over 20 countries. In 1999, his first English album ¡°Ricky Martin¡± first appeared at No.1 on the Billboard charts, sold 660ª°000 copies in the first week. It finally won seven times Platinum in the US.

    Ricky Martin is at the edge of the rock and rhythm revival with a Spanish sound that gave a support to this new style. Martin has sold millions of records worldwide. He is specially known for his rocking performance of the World Cup song. Millions of football fans around the globe saw and heard this Spanish song during the World Cup 1998. At the 1999 Granmmy awards, he won ¡°Best Latin Pop Performance¡±.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. 19202. liberation3. pay4. treatment5. 2/5

    For more than 100 years, many women in America had been calling for equality with men. In 1920, women gained the right to vote. By the late 1960s and early 1970s, leaders of women¬ðs organizations were asking for ¡°Full liberation¡± now. They also wanted equal rights in getting and holding better jobs. They also wanted equal pay for equal work, and equal treatment in society. They asked for changes in their country¬ðs law and customs relating to women. In the past, most American women remained mothers and housewives. Few of them had been able to take leading roles in political, social and economic life. Now women asked if it was not time to give each woman a full opportunity to use her mind and skills in the building of a better world.

    It was true that women had not had the same opportunities and responsibilities as men in many fields. With few exceptions, they hadn¬ðt been given the top jobs in public life, business and the professions. In 1974, almost twoª²fifths of all working Americans were women, but most still received less pay than men did doing similar jobs. Women¬ðs Liberation groups called for an end to the idea that all women should devote their lives to being wives and mothers. Instead, they argued, women should have a full share of responsibility in whatever fields they decided to enter.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. 149.72. 1243. 198ª°0004. Disneyland5. 29

    In the past five years, more and more of the people who migrated abroad have returned to Hong Kong. In 2001 alone, the overseas arrivals in Hong Kong by sea, air and land amounted to 149.7 million, an increase of 4 percent over the previous year.

    After experiencing negative growth last year, in March 2002 Hong Kong¬ðs exports achieved a level of 124 billion HK dollars, an increase of 2.2 percent over the same period the previous year. Its foreign trade is becoming more and more active, ensuring its status as an international trade center. As regards its capacity as central international navigation, in April 2002 Hong Kong¬ðs total freight transportation volume of imports and exports amounted to 198ª°000 tons, up 20.1 percent over the same period the previous year.

    Hong Kong now owns, controls, and manages 37 million tons of shipping, making up 7 percent of the world total. Ships registered in Hong Kong increased from 5.6 million tons in 1997 to its current 14 million tons, showing the confidence of international shipping circle in Hong Kong.

    On January 29, the first phase capital construction at Penny¬ðs bay, an auxiliary project of the Hong Kong Disneyland, with an investment of 2.1 billion HK dollars, started. The Hong Kong SAR government is promoting new industries, which constitute a motivating force in promoting Hong Kong¬ðs economy.

    Day 41¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. B2. B3. B4. C

    Good morning, students. I hope you have been able to visit the museum of social history to see the exhibition, presented by the Food Industry, which is currently showing. Today¬ðs lecture deals with the history chocolate.

    Our knowledge of the origin of chocolate is rather vague but we are aware that the Mayans and Aztecs of South America made a drink from the beans of the cacao tree and called it xocoatl. Then in 1528 this was taken home by the conquering Spanish who named it chocolate. This was the first experience the Europeans had chocolate but by the late 1600¬ðs it had spread to most countries in Europe.

    In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, drinking chocolate became a wellª²established activity but it wasn¬ðt until 1847 that Fry and Sons in England introduced ¡°eating chocolate¡±. This remained much of a novelty until Daniel Peter, the famed Swiss chocolatier, was inspired to try to improve the smoothness and taste of the new confection.

    Peter¬ðs idea was to combine some other ingredient with chocolate to balance its rough flavor. His early experiments with cheese were notoriously unsuccessful and a number of other illª²fated mixtures followed. Finally, in 1874 Peter stumbled on the perfect answer.

    Nowadays milk chocolate is made of at least ten percent chocolate mass (¡°raw¡± chocolate pressed from cacoa nibs) and twelve percent milk solids combined with sugar, cocoa butter (the fat from the nibs) and vanilla. It is also the type of chocolate most often chosen by children because it is less ¡°bitter¡± than the dark varieties.

    Part B
    Answers:
    5. D6. A7. C

    Woman: Have you ever visited La Brea tar pits next to the Los Angeles County Museum? They have specimens of prehistoric animals there that were actually found in L.A.!
    Man: I¬ðve only seen pictures of prehistoric animals, but I have never seen any actual remains. How did they get there?
    Woman:  Well, they found the bones of these animals in the tar. Some of them are actually 40ª°000 years old.
    Man: But how were they preserved for so long?
    Woman: What happened was that deep tar pits became covered with water and when the animals went to drink from the pools, they were caught in the sticky tar.
    Man: When did they first discover the bones?
    Woman: Well, the Spanish who settled in Los Angeles used the asphalt in the pits for roofing their houses, but they threw away any bones they found. Later, when engineers were drilling for oil in the area they found the bones again, and finally a scientist with an oil company discovered they were from prehistoric animals. But archaeologists really started digging up the bones from about 1906.
    Man: What kind of animals do these bones belong to?
    Woman: Well, there was the great lion, and hundreds of saberª²toothed tigers, both of which became extinct when the other animals disappeared. Oh, and giant sloths which hung upside down in the trees. Then they found the skulls of giant buffaloes, and horses much like the ones we have today, but they are all extinct now, of course.
    Man: Come on, let¬ðs see all this.

    Part C
    Answers:
    8. A9. C10. D

    Today, I¬ðll be talking about the invention of the camera and photography. The camera is often thought to be a modern invention. But as early as 1727, a German physicist discovered that light darkens silver salt, a chemical compound. Using as a camera, a big box with a small hole to let the light in, he made temporary images on the salt. Silver salt is still the base of film today.

    Then a French scientist made the first permanent picture by using a special piece of metal sensitized with silver salt. A photograph he made in 1826 still exists. The painter, Daguerre improved on the process by placing common salt the kind we eat on the metal. This was in 1893, the official date of the beginning of photography, but the problem was the printing of the photographs, and it wasn¬ðt until other scientists developed the kind of paper we now use, that good printing was possible and photograph becomes truly modern.

    In 1860s, Matthew Bradey was able to take his famous pictures of the American Civil War, thus making portrait poses very popular. In the 20th century, George Eastman of the United States simplified film developing, and Dr. Edwin Land invented the soª²called ¡°instant¡± camera with selfª²developing film. If we say that photography came into existence in 1839, it follows that it has taken more than one hundred years for the camera to reach its present condition of technical refinement.

    Day 42¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. C2. A3. D

    Woman: Hey, Joe. What¬ðs all this talk about a benefit Walkathon this weekend?
    Man:  Don¬ðt you know? Most of the residents in Packer hall are going to try to walk the seven miles from the Engineering Library across campus and down to City Hall in an effort to raise money for the new children¬ðs hospital.
    Woman: Sounds like a good idea. But I don¬ðt understand where the money comes from?
    Man: Well. A few days before the Walkathon each participant goes around asking people to pledge a certain amount of money for each mile that he or she expects to walk in the event. Then after the Walkathon¬ðs over, the participants go back to those same people, collect the money pledged and send it into the hospital.
    Woman: So you mean if someone pledges, say, a dollar a mile and you walk five miles, you get five dollars.
    Man: That¬ðs right. Of course, most of my friends aren¬ðt such big spenders. The biggest pledge I¬ðve got so far is twentyª²five cents a mile.
    Woman: And how many people have made pledges for you?
    Man: Eleven so far. Say, how about making it an even dozen?
    Woman: Sure, if you¬ðll do the same for me. The Walkathon sounds like the perfect opportunity for me to break my new pair of sports shoes.

    Part B
    Answers:
    4. A5. B6. A7. C
    Man: Lucille, I have been admiring that sculpture you have on your desk. It looks like a polar bear, doesn¬ðt it?
    Woman: Really? Yeah, that is right. It is a polar bear. And it was made out of soft stone by an new Inuit artist from Northern Canada. The dark grey stone is easy to carve and lines which look almost white in contrast can be made with hand tools.
    Man: I have seen other Inuit sculptures made from whalebone and wood. You can see by looking at this bear that the style seems quite abstract and yet there is a realistic impression of the bears shape and stance.
    Woman: Inuit sculptures usually do depict animals in just such a style. Their favorite subjects are the animals of Northern Canada and Alaska, like polar bears, seals, caribou and whale. The Inuit hunt some of these animals for food.
    Man: Yes, I know. But the polar bear is their favorite animal, because of its size, strength and agility. So¡­
    Woman: That is true. They recognize it as one of the most graceful swimmers and fishers of all animals. And the most important thing is that the polar bear symbolizes all the skills the Inuit hunters expect of themselves for survival.

    Part C
    Answers:
    8. B9. A10. C

    A city of the future ¡ª where there will be no housing shortage, no unemployment, no pollution, and plenty of good schools, efficient transportation, fruit trees and gardens ¡ª is under construction near Anchorage, Alaska, only a few miles from the Arctic Circle.

    The temperatureª²controlled indoor city will be the headquarters for oil exploration and development of Alaska¬ðs north slope,  will provide housing for the expected influx of residents, estimated ultimately to number 50ª°000.

    A huge power plant, which will operate with natural gas from the oil reserves, will provide heat for the entire city. The temperature will never fall below or rise above 68 degrees. People will stroll in comfort in the glassª²enclosed streets while their neighbors in nearby Anchorage suffer at 30 below zero.

    The wonder city will be connected with Anchorage by highª²speed monorail, while interior transportation will be via minirail and electric taxis. Automobiles will be left near Anchorage.

    The primitive beauty of the surround area will be left almost untouched to provide a satisfying natural environment for hiking, fishing, and other outdoor activities. Lakes on the side will be for sailboats and canoes. If people want to go to the wilderness, they will have to go on skates or snowshoes. No snowmobiles or motorboats will be allowed.

    Day 43¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. C2. D3. C4. B

    I am certain that any of you who have been on campus very long may have already heard about this course. As you may know, last semester almost half the students in my class failed. Before you get scared and conclude that I don¬ðt like my students, let me explain how that came about. This class is a composition class. In composition there are certain rules of formality that must be followed in order to clearly communicate. It is unfortunate that these days many students feel that formal rules are not necessary. When I grade a paper and I see that you have misspelled a word, you¬ðve lost 10 points. If you¬ðve used inadequate punctuation, that can cost you up to 15 points. Additionally, any paper that you cannot finish on time will not be accepted. Any theme that is not submitted on time will not be graded. You will have to read all the assignments in order to make sure that you are keeping up on your readings. The class meets on Tuesdays and Thursdays. Your final grade is based on the total scores of the four tests, several quizzes and six theme papers. Any time you have a problem I would seriously recommend that you come to see me in my office. My office is located on the fourth floor of the building directly in front of the building we are in now. The hours are 2:00 PM to 4:00 PM. On the same days as class. For Thursdays you will write an essay about your readings from the short story on page 74 of the textbook. If there are no questions, that will be all for today. I will see you on Thursday.

    Part B
    Answers:
    5. B6. D7. B

    M: Good morning.
    W: Oh, good morning, Mr....
    M: Well, I am the occupant of the house.
    W: Oh that¬ðs good. My name is Elizabeth Brown and I represent the company Glocave, we have just came onto the market.
    M: I¬ðm terribly sorry. I don¬ðt want to participate in it.
    W: Well, it won¬ðt take long, I mean it¬ðs only a couple of questions about the products?
    M: I¬ðm sorry but I really don¬ðt use these sorts of products and anyway I never buy anything from doorª²toª²door salespeople.
    W: I¬ðm not trying to sell you anything. If you like, I can give you some free samples.
    M: Some free samples? No.
    W: We have got same carpet shampoo and floor cleaner and washingª²up liquid, if you¬ðd like to try it, just minipacks.
    M: What sort of samples do you have?
    W: Well, the floor cleaner, and some carpet shampoo, and some washingª²up liquid and I think we¬ðve got some washing powder in the sample pack as well.
    M: Well, is it really anything different from any of the products, which I can buy at the supermarket?
    W: It¬ðs better value and longer lasting than the products you buy normally. Well, I¬ðm sure if you have the free samples you will agree that the product is very good.
    M: Then if I have free samples, if I accept one of your free samples, is that the end of it?
    W: If you could just answers my questions, and maybe if you have a sample pack, you could buy perhaps a floor cleaner as well.
    M: No, I¬ðm sorry. I¬ðm not prepared to buy anything at all, it isn¬ðt really a free sample because you¬ðve obviously saying that I¬ðve got to answers questions and some more.
    W: No, you haven¬ðt. But it would be nice if you could because it is important, this kind of research...

    Part C
    Answers:
    8. A9. B10. B

    M: That is it. I know that it is smaller than you wanted, but it is one of the nicest apartments in the building.
    W: Does it have three bedrooms?
    M: No. There are two. The master bedroom is quite spacious, though. Maybe you could let the children share the larger room, and you and your husband could use the smaller one.
    W: I suppose that I could do that.
    M: A threeª²bedroom apartment will be difficult to find.
    W: Yes, I know. Believe me, I have been looking for  over a week. The few threeª²bedroom apartment that I have found are either extremely expensive or the owner won¬ðt allow children as tenants.
    M: Well, the owner allows two children in this apartment complex.
    W: Aren¬ðt you the owner?
    M: No, I am the manager. I live here, too, on the first floor of this building.
    W: Oh. That¬ðs nice. Then if anything gets broken...
    M: Just leave a note on my door.
    W: You said that the rent would be $150 a month. Does that include any of the utilities?
    M: Yes. It includes gas. Your furnace and stove are gas, so, as you can imagine, your other utilities, electric and water, are quite expensive.
    W: This sounds better. But before I sign a lease, I would like my husband to see it.
    M: Why not stop by with him this evening?
    W: How late are you open? He doesn¬ðt get off work until five.
    M: Come by at six. I will still be in the office. I am sure you are eager to move from the hotel, and if we get the paper work out of the way tonight, you can move in tomorrow.
    W: Oh, that would be fine.
    Day 44¡¼*3/4¡½Part AKeys:
    1. B2. C3. C4. BHello, everyone. I¬ðm Luna and I¬ðm going to tell you a little bit about my self and my interests.
    I was born in North Carolina and at an early age moved to Virginia where I grew up on a dairy farm. I¬ðm in my thirties, married. Presently I am a teacher at the elementary school at Indian Harbor Beach, Florida, where I teach forth grade. I attended school at Virginia Polytechnic Institute in Blacksburg, Virginia, where I met my husband who was a senior engineering student. When I have free time, I like to read. Mainly I¬ðm interested in reading English History and American Civil War stories, although I like to read historical fiction stories as well, about the old South or about Kings and Queens of England from long ago. Also I like to sew and do needle work, which is quite a challenge for young people today. Traveling is a hobby that my husband and I both enjoy. Perhaps we have been more in the United Kingdom than we have in the U.S.
    The important thing in our life in Florida is that we enjoy having no snow. When my husband and I were both natives of Virginia and we grew up, we remember having to miss so many days of school for snow and ice, so it was a nice change for us to move to Florida about sixteen years ago, where we enjoy swimming and tennis and boating. However, I must say that I till do miss the change of seasons and as long as I live in Florida and enjoy Florida. I will also miss the springtime flowers and the leaves falling in the fall.

    Part B
    Keys:
    5. C6. C7. A

    M:What did you do last night?
    W: I watched TV. There was a really good movie called Soylent Green.
    M: Soylent Green? What¬ðs it about?
    W: Oh, it¬ðs about life in New York in the year 2022. In this movie, in 2022 New York has forty million people.
    M: Ouch! How many people live in New York now? About seven or eight million?
    W: Yeah, I think that¬ðs right.
    M: Muª²hmm, you know, if it¬ðs hard enough to find an apartment now in New York City, what¬ðs it going to be like in 2022?
    W: Well, in this movie, most people have no apartment. So thousands sleep on the steps of buildings. People who do have a place to live have to crawl over sleeping people to get inside. And there are shortages of everything. The soil is so polluted that nothing will grow. And the air is so polluted that they never see the sun. It¬ðs really awful.
    M: I think I¬ðm going to avoid going to New York City in the year 2022.
    W: And there was this scene where the actor goes into a house where some very rich people live. He can¬ðt believe it, because they have running water and they have soap.
    M: Really?
    W: And then he goes into the kitchen and they have tomatoes and lettuce and beef. He almost cries because he¬ðs never seen real food in his life, you know, especially the beef. It¬ðs amazing for him.
    M: Well, if most people have no real food, what do they eat?
    W: They eat something called Soylent. This is the reason of the name of the movie.

    Part C
    Keys:
    8. B9. C10. B

    M:Hey Linda, did you get that letter about the new options for food service next year?
    W: Not yet, are there a lot of changes?
    M: There sure are. Instead paying one fee to cover all meals for the whole school year, we are now be able to choose how many meals a week we want and can contract just for that amount. We still have to pay the whole year at the beginning, but we can choose to buy seven, ten, fourteen or twentyª²one meals per week. They give you a card with the number of meals you get for a week marked on it.
    W: That¬ðs a big change Tom, and a complicated system.
    M: Yeah, but it will be much better for people who don¬ðt eat three meals a day, seven days a week in the cafeteria because they don¬ðt have to pay for meals they don¬ðt eat?
    W: So what¬ðs the deal for those who do eat at school all the time?
    M: It¬ðs better for them too, because the more meals you contract for, the cheaper each one is.
    W: I see. It is still sound rather complicated.
    M: True. It took me several hours to figure it out. I decided to go with the tenª²meal plan.
    W: Why is that?
    M: Well, I never eat breakfast and I often go away on weekends. So the ten meal plan gives me lunch and dinner every weekday at a fairly low price. And I won¬ðt be paying for meals I don¬ðt usually eat.

    Day 45¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Keys:
    1. A2. D3. D

    W:Reception. May I help you?
    M: Yes, I¬ðm in room 214. I wonder if there¬ðs any mail for me. I¬ðm expecting someone to deliver a package.
    W: Let me check. Yes, there is a package here for you. Would you like to come down for it?
    M: No, could you send it over to my room, please?
    W: Sure.
    M: Thank you Oh, and another thing, I need an iron, is there any way I can borrow one for a few minutes?
    W: Certainly, I¬ðll call the housekeeping and ask them to bring one to your room. There will be a deposit of ten dollars, which is refundable, of course.
    M: Thank you. And what do I do about laundry?
    W: Just use one of the laundry bags in your closet. If you put it out before ten in the morning, you will get it back by five.
    M: Thanks. Oh, I have one problem that I hate to bother you with, but the airª²conditioner in my room doesn¬ðt seem to be working right.
    W: Oh, is there anything in particular wrong with it?
    M: Yeah, it seems to be making a funny noise and it isn¬ðt really cooling the room much. I wonder if you could send somebody up to have a look at it.
    W: Yeah, I¬ðm sorry about that and I¬ðll call the maintenance people and they will check it right away.
    M: Thank you very much. And by the way, where can I get a newspaper?
    W: We have the local paper here at the desk, and if you¬ðd like a national or foreign paper, we have those in the gift shop. That is in the lobby.
    M: Thanks a lot.
    W: You¬ðre welcome. Have a nice day.

    Part B
    Keys:
    4. B5. C6. B7. D

    Ted:Sue, how do you decide what time to show a program?
    Sue: Well, it depends on the program. We look for different types of programs for different times of the day. For example, at breakfast time, we show short news and interview programs. Peoples don¬ðt watch for long in the morning, so everything must be very short.
    Ted: And what happens later?
    Sue: Well, we plan programs around what people are usually doing. We have to think about prime time.
    Ted: ¡°Prime time¡± ¡ª what¬ðs that, exactly?
    Sue: Prime time is the time when the largest number of people is watching TV. In this country, that¬ðs from 6 o¬ðclock to 11 o¬ðclock. Most people have come home from work and they¬ðre relaxing.
    Ted: And, what programs do you show then?
    Sue: We usually show new TV series which most people like. You see, before 9 pm, we try to show programs for everybody.
    Ted: Oh right, I see.
    Sue: And we also need to think about the ratings.
    Ted: Can you tell us about that?
    Sue: Well, the ratings tell us how many people are watching each program.
    Ted: Right. How do you know that? You can¬ðt ask everybody!
    Sue: No, of course not. Well most TV stations buy information from an audience research company. They ask a small number of people ¡ª perhaps a few hundred ¡ª to keep a record of what they watch. Then that gives them an idea of what everybody watches.
    Ted: Are ratings very important?
    Sue: Very important. Our Television Company is commercial. We make money by selling advertising time. If our ratings are high, we can ask a higher price for advertising time. So we¬ðre always trying to increase our ratings.
    Ted: So in a way, the advertisers control what you show on television.
    Sue: Um, not directly, but in a way, yes.

    Part C
    Keys:
    8. D9. C10. D

    The Ministry of Education is to upgrade teaching methods and programmes in colleges and universities throughout the country.

    The aim is to better prepare students to contribute to future economic and social development, the ministry announced yesterday.

    It also aims to develop better pedagogy for training top students in comprehensive skills and creativity rather than encouraging the ability to memorize textbooks.

    Specific plans for higher learning institutions include the settingª²up of large academic centres and the building of teacher training centres for senior vocational education. Textbooks and teaching software will be updated, longª²distance education systems will be developed and laboratories and teaching instruments will be improved.

    Universities have become the backbone of scientific research fuelling national economic and social development, according to the ministry.

    Major problems in higher education include the narrow scope of curricula and outdated subjects and teaching methods, according to the ministry¬ðs Department of Higher Education.

    China¬ðs modernization drive in the new century will demand more talented people with allª²round skills. Correspondingly; the ministry initiated a reform of teaching programmes in 1995.

    ¡°The new project is supplementary to that reform, urging colleges, and universities to accelerate the improvement of teaching methods and teachers¬ð competence.¡± said the ministry¬ðs spokesperson.

    The ministry will set up special funds to help implement the project. Programme leaders will be able to bid for loans from the World Bank and other channels.

    Day 46¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Keys:
    1. A2. D3. C

    The story of the Kennedy brothers is like one of those songs, which children sing happily and which end up with the shout, ¡°And then they¬ðre none.¡±

    It was a real sad story of that family. The eldest brother was killed in the war, John was shot in Dallas in 1963, Robert was murdered in 1968, and Edward¬ðs chances of becoming president may have died when his car had an accident, killing the passenger.

    The four boys were brought up by their father to do and fight for nothing but the best, whether on the games field or in political life. He managed to give them so much ambition and energy that only since the youngest brother found his political death, have people begun to ask themselves, ¡°Why did we look on the Kennedys as the family chosen to lead the USA to a better future?¡±

    In fact, John and Robert had both shown their ability and courage in international politics and their work for civil rights, and Edward had a good record as senator, but so had many other people. Only history will show how much of the Kennedy story was built on facts and how much on the famous family name.

    Part B
    Keys:
    4. B5. B6. C7. D
¡¡¡¡According to the stereotype, blueª²collar workers are men with little formal education who use their muscles instead of their brains to earn a living. Since they do not go to the college, they have to get a job, which is not so well paid. After they come home from work, they always open a can of beer, sit down and start complaining about work, money, their boss and demands made by small groups.
    This stereotype, which has wide acceptance, is unfair. Because blueª²collar workers have to use both mind and body, and often their jobs require a good deal of knowledge and skill. They usually go straight to work after high school. If they want more education, they will get it by themselves, instead of through the support of families or scholarships.
    If blueª²collar workers complain, there are some good reasons. Bosses tell them that they are laborers with the highest pay in history, but they look around and see that the gap between the rich and the poor is wider than ever. They feel that government has paid little attention to them and consider themselves forgotten men. They have to support their family with their own hand and bear the complaining from their children and wives.

    Part C
    Keys:
    8. B9. C10. A

    One hot night last July, when our new baby couldn¬ðt sleep, I tried every thing I could think of; warm bottles, songs, gentle rocking. Nothing would settle him. Guessing that I had a long night ahead of me, I brought a portable T. V. into his room, figuring that watching the late movie was as good a way as any to kill off the hours until dawn. To my surprise, as soon as the TV lit up, the baby quietened right down, his little eyes focused brightly on the tube. Not to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tipª²toed out of the room, leaving him to watch the actors celebrate John BeRushi¬ðs forty fifth birthday.
    My wife and I heard no more of the baby that night. And the next morning when I went into his room. I found him still watching TV himself.
    I found in my baby¬ðs behavior a metaphor for the new generation, my wife and I had given him some books to examine, but he merely spit upon them. When we read to him, he did not feel comfortable, and so it is in the schools, we find that our students don¬ðt read and they look down upon reading and scold those of us who read it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have reached a conclusion: ¡°Let them watch it!¡± If television is that much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight it? Let them watch all they want!

    Day 47¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Keys:
    1. A2. D3. B4. C

    What kind of car will we be driving in 2010? Rather different from the type we know today, with the next 20 years bringing greater change than the past 50. The people who will be designing the models of tomorrow believe that environmental problems may well accelerate the pace of the car¬ðs development. Today they are students on the transport design course at London¬ðs Royal College of Art.

    Their vision is of a machine with three wheels instead of four, electrically powered, environmentally clean, and able to drive itself along ¡°intelligent¡± roads equipped with builtª²in power supplies. Future cars will pick up their fuel during long journeys from a power source built into the road, or store it in small quantities for traveling in the city.

    Instead of today¬ðs seating arrangements ¡ª two in front, two or three behind, all facing forward ¡ª the 2010 car will have a versatile interior with adults and children in a family circle.

    This view of the future car is based on a much more complicated road system, with strips built into motorways to supply power to vehicles passing along them. Cars will not need drivers, because computers will provide safe driving control and route finding. All the driver will have to do is to say where to go and the computer will do the rest. It will become impossible for cars to crash into one anther. The technology already exists for the car to become a true automobile.

    Part B
    Keys:
    5. B6. D7. D

    The British have always been a nation of sport lovers and interest in all types of sport is as great today as it has ever been.

¡¡  Many people, both foreign and British, consider cricket to be the most typically English of sports. It is true that cricket, unlike football, has until recently remained a specifically British game, played only in Britain, in some parts of the British commonwealth, such as the Netherlands and in Denmark. But it would be wrong to say that cricket is the most popular British sport, that is, undoubtedly, football. Nevertheless, it remains true that for most Englishmen, the sight of cricketers represents something that is traditionally English.

    Cricket and football, however, are merely the two most popular sports in Britain: there are many other in the summer, lawn tennis probably comes next in importance to cricket. There are clubs in every town and in all the parks there are public courts where tennis may be played for an hour on payment of about one pound. Swimming is very popular and there are many public swimming baths. Golf is becoming increasingly popular and many clubs have to turn prospective members away. The most popular winter sport after football is rugby football which remains a largely amateur game.

    Part C
    Keys:
    8. A9. C10. A

    During the early American colonial years, corn was more plentiful than wheat, so corn bread was more common than wheat bread. Friendly Indians showed colonists how to grow corn and how to prepare it for food and pioneer women then improved the Indian cooking techniques. When people traveled, they went on foot or horseback, sleeping and eating in the forests. They carried corn bread for sustenance; the corn bread came to be called journeycake. Later when roads and taverns were built and stagecoaches carried passengers, joureycake became johnnycake, a name many easterners still use for corn bread. The kinds of bread made with cornmeal wereª²and still are almost without limit. Every region has its specialties.

    From the start, southerners showed a preference for white cornmeal, northerners for yellow. And pioneers on the frontier, when they ran out of yeast, made saltª²rising bread. They stirred together water, a little waterª²ground cornmeal, potatoes, and salt. They set the mixture, uncovered, in a warm place until it absorbed bacteria from the air and began to ferment. Then they removed the potatoes and used the liquid as leaving for their bread, made with white flour.

    Day 48¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Keys:
    1. D2. C3. A

    Today is the anniversary of that afternoon in April a year ago I first saw the strange and appealing doll in the window of Abe Shuffle¬ðs stationery and toy shop on Third Avenue near Fifteenth Street,  just around the corner from my office,  where the plate on the door reads: Dr. Samuel Amory.  I remember just how it was that day: the first hint of spring floated across the East River, mixing with the soft coal smoke from the factories and the street smells of the poor neighborhood. As I turned the corner on my way to work and came to Shuffle¬ðs, I was made once more aware of the poor collection of toys in the dusty window,  and I remember the approaching birthday of a small niece of mine in Cleveland,  to whom I was in the habit of sending modest gifts. Therefore,  I stopped and examined the window to see if there might be anything appropriate,  and looked at the confusing collection of unappealing objects ¡ª a red toy fire engine,  some lead soldier, cheap baseballs, bottles of ink,  pens yellowed stationery,  and garish cardboard advertisements for softª²drinks.  And thus it was that my eyes eventually came to rest upon her, due to the shadows and the film through which I was looking, but I was aware that a tremendous impression had been made upon me as though I had run into a person, as one does sometimes with a stranger, with whose personality one is deeply impressed.

    Part B
    Keys:
    4. D5. C6. A7. C

    Participation in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade on the student¬ðs oral participation. Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role, many courses are organized around classroom discussions, student questions, and informal lectures. In graduate seminars, the professor has a ¡°managerial¡± role and the students make presentations and lead discussions. The students do the actual teaching in these seminars.

    A professor¬ðs teaching style is another factor that determines the degree and type of student participation. Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without dominating it. Many professors encourage students to make assertions that contradict the professor¬ðs point of view and should be prepared to substantiate their positions.

    In the teaching of science and mathematics, the dominant mode of instruction is generally traditional, with teachers presenting formal lectures and students taking notes. However, new educational trends have emerged in the humanities and social science in the past two decades. Students in education, sociology, and psychology classes, for example, are often required to solve problems in groups, design projects, make presentations, and examine case studies. Since some college or university courses are ¡°applied¡± rather than theoretical, they stress ¡°doing¡± and involvement.

    Part C
    Keys:
    8. C9. B10. A

    Although the United States cherishes the tradition, it is a nation of small towns and wide open spaces, only one in every eight Americans now lives on a farm. The recent population trend has been a double one, toward both urbanization and suburbanization. Metropolitan areas have grown explosively in the past decade, and nearly half of this increase has been in the suburbs. With the rapid growth of cities has come equally rapid decentralization. The flight of Americans from the central city to the suburbs constitutes one of the greatest migrations of modern times; quite residential sections outside cities have become conglomerations of streets, splitª²level houses, and shopping centers.

    This spurt of suburban expansion, however, does not alter the basic fact that the United States has become one of the most urban nations on the face on the earth. Census Bureau figures show that the rural population has been shrinking steadily since 1830. When the United States became a nation it had no large cities at all; today some fifty cities have populations of more than 258ª°000. Mammoth complexes of cities are developing in the area of the East Coast and the east northª²central states,  on the Pacific and Gulf coasts,  and near the shores of the Great Lakes.  Some sociologists now regard the entire 600ª²mile stretch between Boston and Washington D.C ¡ª an area holding a fifth of the country¬ðs population ¡ª as one vast city or,  as they call it,  megalopolis

    Day 49¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Keys:
    1. C2. C3. A

    George had stolen some money, but the police had caught him and he had been put in prison. Now his trial was to begin, and he felt sure that he would be found guilty and sent to prison for a long time.

    Then he discovered that an old friend of his was one member of the jury at his trial. He did not tell anybody, but managed to see his friend secretly one day. He said, ¡°Jim, I know that the jury will fine me guilty of having stolen the money. I cannot hope to be found not guilty. But I should be grateful for the rest of my life if you could persuade the other members to add a strong recommendation for mercy to their statement that they consider me guilty.¡±

    ¡°Well, I shall certainly try to do what I can as an old friend, but of course I cannot promise anything. The other eleven people look terribly strongª²minded.¡±

    George said that he would quite understand if Jim was not able to do anything for him, and thanked him warmly for agreeing to help.

    The trial went on, and finally the time came for the jury to decide whether George was guilty or not. It took them five hours, but they found George guilty, with a strong recommendation for mercy.

    Of course, George was pleased, but he did not have a chance to see Jim for some time after the trial. However, Jim visited him in prison, and George thanked him warmly and asked how he had managed to persuade the other members of the jury to recommend mercy.

    Jim answered,  ¡°as I thought, they were difficult to persuade£¬but I managed by tiring them out.  Those fools had all wanted to find you not guilty !¡±

    Part B
    Keys:
    4. D5. B6. B

    Many Californians are traveling this holiday weekend, easing demands on the state¬ðs strained electric power system. But officials in the state predict there will be many days this coming summer when electrical shortages will lead to power blackouts. The officials say they hope to minimize the impact.

    Managers of California¬ðs electrical power grid(¸ßѹÊäµçÍø) say soª²called ¡°rolling blackouts¡± or intermittent power cuts, will probably darken parts of the state for about an hour at a time.

    Officials order the blackouts when the power grid is strained, to keep it from collapsing.

    But communities often receive only a few minutes¬ð warning. That creates the problem of damage in companies that process food, for example, and the possible loss of data when businesses lose power to their computers. Shoppers in department stores can be trapped in elevators, and electrically powered doors fail to operate. Blackouts means that traffic signals fail to work at busy intersections, and safety lights alarm pedestrian walkways darken.

    This week, California¬ðs Governor Gray Davis announced a plan to relieve some of these problems. From now on, if officials think a blackout is likely, they will make a general forecast 48 hours in advance. The general area of the blackouts will be named one day beforehand, and specific neighborhoods will get one hour¬ðs warning.

    Officials refused to do that before out of concern that burglars and other criminals might target neighborhoods where they know the power will be out. But Los Angeles County Sheriff Lee Baca said the advance notice will help police, as well as emergency workers: ¡°It gives law enforcement, fire, public safety workers, as well as public works elements and county officials the ability to come together in advanceª²plan fashion and actually go out and deploy in various neighborhoods that require additional public safety resources.¡±

    Part C
    Keys:
    7. B8. A9. C10. B

    W: I have been looking through your application. You seem to have many of the qualifications needed for this position, especially experience.
    M: I have been working in hotels for eight years now.
    W: That¬ðs actually a long time. Were you satisfied with your last position?
    M: To be honest, not entirely. The boss was very touchy and hard to get along with. And chances for advancement were very limited.
    W: I see. Was it hard work?
    M: No, it was an interesting job and I loved meeting people. I knew how to handle a badª²tempered guest. But I had an argument with my boss and he just asked me to go. Anyhow I¬ðd like to try something new.
    W: But have you ever done anything to do with tour guide, for instance.
    M: I did work for a short time as a courier for a tour operator, taking foreigners on guided tours of London. Perhaps that¬ðs the sort of thing you mean.
    W: Yes, I think it is. Do you speak any languages?
    M: Yes, I do. I speak German and Spanish ¡ª I spent years abroad when I was young.
    W: That¬ðs very interesting. Next is the question of salary, of course.
    M: Well, I used to get 2ª°000 monthly, so I couldn¬ðt accept less than that.
    W: We ask for loyalty and hard work from our employees. But we pay well, and opportunities for promotion depend on merit, not just on age or seniority. I suppose you know that.
    M: I am very interested in working for your agency. And I don¬ðt mind hard work and working overtime.
    W: That¬ðs fine. I have a few more applicants to interview today for this position. But at the moment, your chances look very good.
    M: I¬ðm glad to hear that. Thank you for your time.
    W: Thank you for your coming. We will be in touch with you shortly.

    Day 50¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Keys:
    1. B2. A3. D

    The sea has always interested man. From it he can get food, minerals, and treasure. For thousands of years, he could sail on it. But he could not go far beneath its surface. Man wants to explore deep into the sea. However, he is not a fish. He must breathe air, so he can¬ðt stay under the water¬ðs surface for any length of time. To explore deep water, man faces even more dangers and problems.

¡¡¡¡A diver who wants to stay under water for more than a few minutes must breathe air or a special mixture of gases. He can wear a diving suit and have air pumped to him from above. He can carry a tank of air on his back and breathe through a horse and a mouthpiece. Water weighs 800 times as much as air. Tons of water pushes against a diver deep in the sea. His body is under great pressure. When a diver is under great pressure, his blood takes in some of the gases he breathes. As he rises to surface, the water pressure becomes less. If the diver rises too quickly, the gases in his blood form bubbles. The diver is then suffering from the bends(DZˮԱ²¡).The bends can cause a diver to double up in pain. They can even kill him.

    Part B
    Keys:
    4. C5. C6. A7. C

    For most students in universities, 20ª°000 yuan is a big sum. But Xiao Wang paid the money soon after she learned that she could change to the popular Economics Department. By paying 20ª°000 yuan with the help of her parents, Xiao Wang can study the economics major she prefers. ¡°It is difficult for graduates in chemistry to find a good job in recent years,¡± she said. Xiao Wang is only one of the many freshmen that pay to change to popular majors. Many universities throughout China offer similar services.

    Freshmen are allowed to change to other departments, according to rules of the Ministry of Education. But there are no official rules on the charges. Now the charges for changing majors are from 5ª°000 yuan to 80ª°000 yuan, according to a recent report in the Yangzi Evening News. The fee is decided by individual universities based on the popularity of each major, the report said. In spite of the high charges, demands to change majors are still increasing. The most popular majors include computer science, law, finance, information engineering and foreign languages. A saying popular among students may explain the phenomenon: studying a good major is much better than studying in a famous university.

    Some educators warn students against rushing blindly to today¬ðs popular majors. They may not be popular years later, the China Youth Daily said. But it seems that many students are careerª²oriented, instead of being interestª²based.

    Part C
    Keys:
    8. D9. C10. D

    In the dark night of the desert, a group of US Air Force scientists is testing a new device for guiding a missile to its target. Designed to seek out the heat of an enemy aircraft engine, it is now going through its paces by tracing the movement of a flashlight waving thirty feet away in the darkness. A hundred yards away, unseen by the man, a rattlesnake sliding between the stones senses a patch of warmth. Although the snake¬ðs mechanism is small enough to be packed into a head the size of a nut, it can detect a change in temperature of one thousandth of a degree. Without a sound, the snake closes in and strikes for the kill. Whenever we look in the animal world, we find the same story. Almost anything that man can do, nature has already done better. So, it is for the purpose of learning from nature that a new science called bionics has grown up. Its aim is to find out how animal¬ðs instruments work so that man can copy them for his own use.

    Imagine being able to know a friend several miles off by his smell. Male silk moths can do this. Their antennae are so sensitive to the chemical odor of female moths that they can detect their presence by picking up only one molecule of the chemical. Even with their most sensitive instruments, humans cannot approach this perfection.

    Studying beetle¬ðs eyes has already paid off. A group of scientists in Germany found that a beetle can accurately measure with its eyes the speed of a moving background. After finding out how a beetle accomplishes this scientists built a machine that operated on the same principle. This instrument is able to determine the ground speed of moving aircraft with a high degree of accuracy.

    Day 51¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. March 20th, 17272. universal gravitation3. his father4. further editions5. the Royal Society

    Issac Newton was born on December 25, 1642, in Lincolnshire, England and died on March 20, 1727, in London.

    As an English physicist and mathematician, Newton was the culminating figure of the scientific revolution of the 17th century. In optics, his discovery of the composition of white light integrated the phenomena of colors into the science of light and laid the foundation for modern physical optics. In mechanics, his three laws of motion, the basic principles of modern physics, resulted in the formulation of the law of universal gravitation. In mathematics, he was the original discoverer of the infinitesimal calculus. Newton¬ðs Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, 1687, was one of the most important single works in the history of modern science.

    As a tiny and weak boy, Newton was not expected to survive his first day of life. Deprived of a father before birth, he soon lost his mother as well, for within two years, she married a second time; her husband, the wellª²toª²do minister Barnadas Smith, left Newton with his grandmother and moved to a neighboring village. For nine years, Newton was effectively separated from his mother. The acute sense of insecurity that rendered him obsessively anxious when his work was published and irrationally violent when he defended it accompanied Newton throughout his life and can plausibly be traced to his early years.

    During his final years, Newton brought out further editions of his central works. After the first edition of the Optics in 1704, he published a Latin edition in 1706 and a second English edition in 1717-1718. In both, the central text was scarcely touched, but he did expand the ¡°Queries¡± at the end into the final statement of his speculations on the nature of the universe. Until nearly the end, Newton presided at the Royal Society and supervised the mint. During his last years, his niece and her husband lived with him.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. World War ¢ñ2. 163. Veterans Day4. November 11th5. his grandchildren

    When I was a boy, every time my family gathered, my father¬ðs brother talked about the war. When they said the war, everyone knew they meant World War ¢ñ. They were the veterans in the family. One uncle had been in the army, and for him, World War ¢ñwas his second war. He ran away from home when he was sixteen. He lied about his age, so they would let him fight in America¬ðs war against Spain. I remember watching him march at the head of his troops in a parade in New York City. In my mind, it was his parade. Veterans Day used to be called Armistice Day. It marked the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month. That was exactly when World War ¢ñended. Now, Veterans Day marks not the end of one war, but all wars, and the men and women who fought in them. As a little boy, I was never tired of hearing war stories. Yet even I could see once they started talking, everyone else moved away. Soon my uncles had just one listener ¡ª me. By the time I was about ten, even I was tired of hearing the same stories. Now many years later, I realize that I have become an old veteran too. Like my uncles, I also talk about the war. This time, however, it is World War ¢ò. I must be careful not to tell the same stories. My wife helps. When I tell about life on an aircraft carrier during the war, she asks, did they have airplanes back then? Here we are at another Veterans Day. Veterans will tell their old war stories again, and everyone else will move away so they do not have to hear them again. I think I will keep my old stories to myself, unless of course, I see my grandchildren, and they ask, ¡°Grandpa, what did you do during the war?¡±

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. 75 million2. Child Hope USA3. local groups4. natural disasters5. child labor laws

    About 25 million children in developing countries have no homes. Another 75 million live at home but work on the streets. United Nations Children¬ðs Fund says most of them do not receive education or health care. The private organization known as ¡°Child Hope USA¡± is trying to do something to help these children. The group wants to halt the spread of AIDS and the use of illegal drugs among children. He wants to protect young girls from being mistreated sexually. He wants to teach children how to protect themselves, how to survive conditions on the streets and how to feel good about themselves. Child Hope USA is trying to establish educational programs for the children. It is working with local groups to get their help in protecting the rights of street children. And, it is trying to make international development groups more informed about street children. Some children begin living on the streets when they are five years old or younger. Some of them have lost their families because of wars or natural disasters. Some are helping their families earn enough money to survive. Studies show that more than one million children live and work on the streets in the Philippines. Seven million children live on the streets in Brazil. About 250 thousand children live on the streets in Mexico. About ten million Mexican children work on the streets. Child Hope USA works closely with international children¬ðs groups, government agencies and other national and local groups. It has offices in Brazil, Guatemala, the Philippines, Britain, Canada and the United States. Child Hope USA also works to improve child labor laws. In 1992, Pakistan approved new laws to control child labor. The laws make it illegal for companies to lend money to families and let children repay the loan by working in factories. Yet, about eight million children are still working in Pakistan to repay loans.

    Day 52¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. high school senior2. mother and wife3. high motivation
    4. selfª²fulfillment, independent, selfª²directed5. lowª²paying and deadª²end

    The distinct change in the attitude of the high school senior is happening among women of almost every age and background. Many women are asking why they cannot make a contribution beyond that of mother and wife as their husbands automatically do beyond that of husband and father. Mature women are returning to the workforce and returning to school to resume their education in increasing numbers. Recent reports indicate they make aboveª²average students because their motivation tends to be rather high. These women, too, want to be lawyers, artists and urban specialists. Not every one will be working fullª²time but each is intent on making a substantial contribution. The young woman of today is intent on seeking selfª²fulfillment and being independent and selfª²directed. She feels that she can win that independence and gain the direction by becoming a skilled, competent professional. Thus more and more young women are looking for careers in business, government, social agencies, the arts and professions as their way of ¡°making it¡± in a world of work which is still a man¬ðs world. Some people contend, of course, that this is a man¬ðs world because the woman¬ðs place is in the home. For the male chauvinist£¬ there is only brief comfort in that myth. The labor statistics show that 75% of all women alive today will be gainfully employed at some point in their lives. Furthermore, the percentage of women who work is mushrooming. In 1920, only 23% of American women were working at any given time. Now the figure is almost 45%. Of course ¡°work¡± for many of these women means employment in a menial lowª²paying, and usually deadª²end job. Thirtyª²four percent of all employed women today are clerical workers. The median earnings of women working full time are about 57% of the earnings of men, down from 64% in 1955.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. our spare time2. a pacifier3. creative work4. pictures, spoken words5. secondª²hand experiencesWhat did we use to do before there was television? Before we admitted the monster into our homes, we never found it difficult to occupy our spare time. We used to enjoy civilized pleasures. But now all our free time is regulated by the goggle box. We rush home or gulp down meals to be in time for this or that program. The monster demands and obtains absolute silence and attention. If any member of the family dares to open his mouth during a program, he is quickly silenced.
 
   Whole generations are growing up addicted to it. Food is left uneaten, homework undone and sleep is lost. The television is a universal pacifier. It is now standard practice for mother to keep the children quiet by putting them in the livingª²room and turn on the set.

    There is a limit to the amount of creative talent available in the world. Everyday, television consumes vast quantities of creative work. That is why most of the programs are so bad: it is impossible to keep pace with the demand and maintain high standards as well. When millions watch the same programs, the whole world becomes a village, and society is reduced to the conditions which obtain in preliterate communities. We become utterly dependent on the two most primitive media of communication: pictures and the spoken word.

    Television encourages passive enjoyment. We become content with secondª²hand experiences. It is so easy to sit in our armchairs watching others working. Little by little, television cuts us off from the real world. We get so lazy, we choose to spend a fine day in semiª²darkness, glued to our sets, rather than go out in the world itself. Television may be a splendid medium of communication, but it prevents us from communicating with each other.  In quiet, natural surroundings, we quickly discover how little we miss the hypnotic tyranny of King Telly.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. two old friends2. very busy3. On Sundays4. a fixed price/ 10 dollars5. quiet down

    W: It¬ðs wonderful to be here in San Francisco and see you again, Harry. It must been three years since I last saw you in London.
    M: Nice to meet you again, Janet.
    W: What¬ðs your job at the moment?
    M: A sound engineer at the downtown sound studio.
    W: That¬ðs great. What do you do at the weekend?
    M: I like to have a good time. That means my weekends tend to be pretty busy. You know we Americans work really hard to have a good time and pursuit of happiness or that stuff in the U. S. constitution.
    W: Then what do you do exactly?
    M: You see, on Friday night, we maybe go to a bar for fun, for that¬ðs when all drinks are half price. Sometimes we go to the theatre, but not to all night parties.
    W: What about Saturdays?
    M: Saturday morning. That¬ðs the time for cleaning house, washing the car and doing the laundry. Then we usually turn to go for lunch. After that, we¬ðll go for a walk on the beach or play ball games.
    W: What about Sundays then?
    M: Well, we get an enormous pile of newspapes delivered. We just sit in the garden with a pot of coffee, read and relax, working up the Sunday brunch.
    W: That¬ðs breakfast and lunch combined, isn¬ðt it?
    M: That¬ðs right, brunch. It¬ðs time for all the familyª²grandparents, children. We usually go to some restaurants that overlook the ocean. You know you can spend two hours or more over brunch. It¬ðs a huge meal. And you can have all the breakfast things, of course. You pay a fixed price, say, 10 dollars and you can eat as much as you like.
    W: That sounds nice. And on Sunday evening?
    M: We quieten down a bit. We usually have an early night.
    W: I think, I¬ðm going to enjoy my stay with you, Harry.

    Day 53¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. Apollo ¢ò2. 4 days3. July 20th, 19694. many moon rocks5. America

    On July 20, 1969 people around the world watched two Americans walk on the moon.

    The trip to the moon started at Cape Kennedy in Florida, where there was a tall and powerful rocket. The rocket carried a spaceship which was called Apollo II. Inside the Apollo II spaceship were the three astronauts: Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin and Michael Collins.

    On July 16, 1969, the tall and powerful rocket was blasted off from Cape Kennedy. The Apollo II spaceship separated from the rocket when it was far out in space. The spaceship traveled very fast and in four days the astronauts reached the moon.

    The Apollo II spaceship had three parts. One of them was called the lunar module, which was the only part of the spaceship that would land on the moon. Near the moon, the lunar module separated from the rest of the Apollo II spaceship. Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin traveled down to the moon in the lunar module. Michael Collins stayed in the Apollo II spaceship, moving on in the orbit of the moon. Then came the exciting moment.

    On the night of July 20th, 1969£¬ the lunar module successfully landed on the moon.

    The two astronauts had to work very fast. They put a television camera on the moon. The millions of people were able to watch Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin on their TV sets at home. They picked up many moon rocks, which they later brought back to the United States.

    After two hours, the astronauts went inside the lunar module and flew up to join the Apollo II. The three astronauts were together again. They were now on their way home. Four days later, they landed safely in the Pacific Ocean. A ship took the astronauts to Hawaii. People around the world were glad that this was the first time human beings landed on the moon and the heroes were home again.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. the government2. economic problem3. unstable4. accurate drawing5. theory and practice

    W: So, you are an architect?
    M: Yes.
    W: Do you work for public or private organization or are you selfª²employed?
    M: I¬ðm working for a private design and construction company.
    W: How did you start your career?
    M: With the government.
    W: What made you decide to work for the government?
    M: Well, it was a matter of chance, really. I saw the advertisement for a vacant position in the newspaper. And I thought, ¡°Why don¬ðt you try it?¡± In fact, I had no preference about where to work, public or private.
    W: And do you still have this idea or...
    M: More or less, yes. Although I¬ðm now working for a private firm, I worked for the government for three years. I was all right. Of course, there is bureaucracy one has to put up with, but it is not that bad. If you don¬ðt mind bureaucracy, wheels turning slowly, and things not being as efficient.
    W: Oh, what made you leave the public sector?
    M: Money mainly. You see, I got married, and my wife doesn¬ðt work and we want to start the family right away. So it might be better if I moved to the private sector. This is why it is hard for me to be selfª²employed. Because selfª²employed work has disadvantage, that there maybe a period of time when you are unemployed.
    W: I see. So did you join this company straight away?
    M: No, I worked for a couple of private firms.
    W: Now, what qualities do you think make a good architect?
    M: Well, one has to have a scientific background. Also it is true that work of architect involves a lot of drawing. Architect drawing must be accurate. You see, architect is a mixture of theory and practice. I suppose a good architect should be good at both.
    W: OK. Thank you so much for your experience and opinion.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. organized holiday2. Florida3. sociable4. 7 days5. good friends

    John:I¬ðm going to hear about this tour you are going on, Lyn.
    Lyn: Oh, I¬ðve never been to America before. So I am really looking forward to it. I thought of going flyª²drive.
    John: Flyª²drive?
    Lyn: Yes. You can rent a car to be waiting for you at the airport when you arrive. You book everything this end including the plane tickets.
    John: Sound simple enough. Are you going to, then?
    Lyn: I was a bit worried about driving on the other side of the road and having to plan my own routes, so I decided it would be better to go on a more organized holiday.
    John: How do you mean, organized?
    Lyn: Everything is arranged by a tour operator. You are taken around and shown where to go and what to do. I probably miss the half the sites otherwise.
    John: Where were you going anyway?
    Lyn: Orlando. It is in central Florida.
    John: Sounds OK. Are you going on your own?
    Lyn: Yeah, but I don¬ðt mind that. There will be other people on the tour. And I¬ðm sure to make friends. I like meeting new people. Here, let me show you the brochure.
    John: It looks pretty packed. Will you really have time to do all these things?
    Lyn: Oh, yes. It¬ðs all planned. Day one, we¬ðll arrive in Orlando. Then day two, we¬ðll go to the Disney World.
    John: You mean Mickey Mouse and all that?
    Lyn: Yes. And then on day three, we go to the Kennedy space center and then Circus World.
    John: And day seven, you come home?
    Lyn: Yes. You know what it is like.
    John: You really have made a wise choice. You cannot imagine how envious I am. Maybe next time I could go on a holiday with you as my guide. Would you please do that?
    Lyn: Of course, I¬ðm ready to do that.

    Day 54¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. marketing and selling2. wants of consumers3. consumer demand
    4. understand consumers5. flavor

    To understand the marketing concept, it is necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industrials concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on persuasive salesmanship to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focused on the needs of the seller. They aimed at producing goods and then converting them into money.
 
   Marketing on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eyeª²onª²theª²consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first try to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase. Every step ¡ª designing production, distribution, promotion ¡ª is made according to consumer demand.

    This concept does not imply that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business activity ¡ª the firm and the customer ¡ª and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding consumers. This concept has been recognized in such slogans as ¡°Have It Your Way¡± and ¡°You are the Boss¡±. To satisfy the consumer, in midª²1985, Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The refusal of the new flavor by many people brought about a quick restoration of the classic Coke.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. stimulate collective action2. 1883. member states
    4. fortunes of developing countries5. September 6th¡«8th

    As the United Nations enters a new century, Secretary ¡ª General Kofi Annan says its main role should be to stimulate collective action at the global level by government, business, ordinary people, groups and foundations. The United Nations alone can not meet the key challenges of the 21st century ¡ª eliminating poverty, preventing conflicts, saving the environment, and ensuing that billions of poor people benefit from the new technological revolution, he said.

    In a report yesterday, on the challenges facing the world and the United Nations, Annan called for a stronger world body that better serves its 188 ¡ª member states and the six billion people sharing planet earth.

    ¡°While our own resources as an organization are tightly constrained, those of the communities we serve are much greater,¡± he said. ¡°We must strive, not to usurp the role of other actors on the world stage, but to become a more effective catalyst for change and coordination among them.¡±

    ¡°Our most vital role will be to stimulate collective action at the global level...both among member states and the energetic group of new nonª²state actors.¡±

    But he said the United Nations must remain the place where new standards of international conduct are hammered out. It must make use of the power of technology to improve the fortunes of developing countries. And it must become more effective, efficient, and accessible to the world¬ðs people.

    ¡°The United Nations not only has to cope with the decreased budgets and nonª²payment of dues but new mandates without the money to carry them out¡±, he said.

    The report is addressed to world leaders who have been invited to a Millennium Summit from September 6th¡«8th to take a fresh look at the world, and the role of the United Nations. UN officials are expecting 130 to 150 heads of states and government leaders. Annan said it would be the largest ever gathering of world leaders.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. Number two / the second2. We don¬ðt know3. On Sunday
    4. To revitalize economy5. 540ª²meterª²high

    Firefighters extinguished the flames that ravaged the world¬ðs second highest tower and said yesterday they found body parts inside an elevator that had crashed to the basement. The fire broke out suddenly and caused great destruction and caused major scare among people. What caused the fire was still under examination by Russian police.

    By afternoon, nearly a day after the fire started, smoke stopped wafting from inside Moscow¬ðs landmark Ostankino TV tower ¡ª twice the height of France¬ðs Eiffel Tower ¡ª but fears continued to  exist for a long time that the Ostankino TV tower could still collapse.

    Russian President Vladimir Putin swung into action yesterday, convening his cabinet and telling his ministers Russia had to revitalize its economy. Putin expressed his anxiety over the Russian economy and claimed that the fire reflected Russia¬ðs poor economy.

    ¡°This latest accident shows the shape of our vital installations and the overall state of our country, ¡± he said.

    ¡°We should not fail to see major problems in the country behind this accident, and we should not forget the economy. Whether or not such accidents happen again in the future will depend on how we work in this vital direction.¡±

    By evening, fire officials said they had put the blaze at the 540ª²metreª²high tower. Rescue officials found body parts of one or several victims in an elevator but could not say how many people were involved.

    Earlier, officials said two to four people were missing. It¬ðs hard to say how many people are there. This will take some time, an emergencies departments spokeswoman said.

    The victims may have included at least one firefighter and an elevator operator who used the elevator several hours after the fire had started on Sunday.

    Day 55¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. abusing its monopoly2. personal computer market3. the Sherman Act
    4. consumers, computer makers5. (They are) optimistic

    Federal judge ruled yesterday that Microsoft Corp broke US antitrust laws by abusing its monopoly in personal computer operating systems. Microsoft Corp, as is known, shares a large proportion of personal computer market.

    District Court Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson said Microsoft violated key parts of the Sherman Act which was created by Sherman John in 1890 in the hopes of preventing company¬ðs unfairly controlling prices and stopping large firms taking over their companies. This finding that will lead to consideration of penalties over the coming months that could include breaking up the software giant.

    ¡°The court concludes that Microsoft maintained its monopoly power by antiª²competitive means and attempted to monopolize the webª²browser market.¡± Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson wrote in a 43ª²page ruling.

    In findings of fact issued five months ago, Jackson had found that Microsoft¬ðs behavior hurt the rights of consumers, computer makers and other companies.

    Settlement efforts in the case brought by the Justice Department and 19 states collapsed on Saturday when a mediator who tried to settle the argument between them said he could not bridge wide differences between the parties after four months of effort.

    Microsoft officials said they plan to appeal the ruling, and that they are confident that Microsoft will ultimately be victorious.

    ¡°We continue to believe that the legal system will ultimately rule in our advantage and benefit and uphold our ability to develop new and innovative software products,¡± Pilla said.

    Jackson¬ðs ruling against Microsoft, which came after months of negotiations between Microsoft and Justice failed to produce a settlement. It was widely expected based on his preliminary finding late last year that Microsoft abused a monopoly in PC operating systems to harm consumers and rivals.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. Jan. 27th2. The freedom or slavery3. Paris
    4. Columbia University5. He advocated Marxism

    Paul Robeson, one of the foremost Afroª²American revolutionaries, died Jan. 27th in Philadelphia at the age of 77. He had been living with his sister, Marion Forsyth, in Philadelphia. Robeson, despite 30 years honors£¬became more and more involved in the struggle of his people. To a suggestion that such activities might cost him his career, he forthrightly replied: ¡°The artist must elect to fight for freedom or slavery. I have made my choice, I had no alternative.¡±

    In 1949, at the height of the U.S. cold war against its former ally, the Soviet Union, Robeson committed a cardinal sin against the U.S. ruling class. At the World Peace Congress in Paris, he said: ¡°It is unthinkable that American Negroes could go to war, on behalf of those who have oppressed them for generations, against the Soviet Union, which in one generation has raised our people to human dignity.¡± His statement shook the ruling class to the core. Robeson turned out to be not only a dangerous red, but also a dangerous Black.

    Paul Robeson won a scholarship to Rutgers College in New Jersey, where he won Phi Beta Kappa honors, but because he was Black he was not welcome at social events. He went on to earn a law degree at Columbia University and was awarded eight honorary degrees in the U.S. and abroad. In 1958 Robeson¬ð book ¡°Here I Stand¡± was published. The bourgeois press boycotted reviewing and publishing it. The book did, however, receive a wide circulation in the Black community. It was out of print for 10 years, until the second printing in 1972. Robeson was a Marxistª²Leninist. He wrote in his book that a socialist society is superior to a system based on production for private profit.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. dusty storm2. Within three years3. 10ª°000 more hectares
    4. Protective faceª²gear5. criticism of residents

    It is not sheer coincidence that Beijing recently decided to speed up its trees planting campaign while dusty storms swept across the city this spring.

    The Beijing municipal government announced several days ago that it would complete its decadeª²long planting program within three years. If done, the metropolis will have greener outskirts with 10ª°000 more hectares of woods, which would reportedly be the largest urban forest in the world. Such a thought is certainly very appealing, especially while residents increasingly complain about the capital city¬ðs deteriorating environment, which has threatened their daily life. If the government keeps silent over the problem, not only the local residents but also the whole of China will suffer a lot because of the bad effects brought by the worsening environment

    Previous reports that a desert was only miles from the downtown public area once shocked the public. This spring¬ðs gales were beyond the expectations of Beijingers as well as the municipal government. Seven dusty winds have hit the capital since March, forcing many local residents or stay indoors or put on some form of protective faceª²gear. This has caused the great inconvenience for the local residents. Though meteorologists explained the recent windstorms still were mainly a result of acrid climate, abnormal movement of cold air mass and destruction of vegetation in the hinterland, the public still complained about the local government¬ðs slow efforts to improve the environment in the past years. The government is pressed to take immediate actions to relieve the anxiety among the people.

    Fearing a burst of harsh criticism, local officials need to take action, or at least say something, to appease the anger. That may be the logic behind abrupt the change in the planting schedule.

    Day 56¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. a student2. metal weights3. campus4. play tricks5. 50

    Hugh Troy, a wellª²known artist, was a very interesting and clever person who spent most of his life playing tricks for the joy of it. Some people liked him very much while others did not. Some even hated him because of the tricks he played on others. Some of these tricks even made the whole town uneasy, but he never thought his tricks would do any harm to anybody. No one could ever guess what he would do next. Let us make an example of his small tricks.

    It was a cold winter in the 1920s. While he was a student at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. Troy got hold of a very old and ugly wastebasket with a real rhinoceros(Ϭţ) foot, which he got from his African friend, as its base. He filled it with metal weights and tied 30 feet of clothesline to either side. Late one night he and a friend of his carried it out onto campus. Then they pulled the lines straight between them. Every few feet they would lower it into the thick snow. Their own footprints were so far away as to raise no suspicion at all.

    The next morning someone noticed the prints and invited top professors to come and have a look at them. Excitedly, they followed the rhinoceros tracks. Then they were led onto the ice covering Beebe Lake, which connected to where the school got its drinking water. There the tracks ended in a huge hole.

    It was said that half the population of Cornell stopped drinking tap water. Those who continued to insisted that it tasted like rhinoceros.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. a mop2. cleaner3. very strict4. the storyª²teller¬ðs sister5. tomorrow

    We walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didn¬ðt even lift her eyes form the book. Mum pointed at a big chair by the door and I knew she want me to sit down. While I watched with my mouth open in surprise, Mum took off her hat and coat and gave me them to hold. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet mop. She pushed the mop past the desk and as the nurse looked up, Mum nodded and said, ¡°Very dirty floors.¡±

    ¡°Yes. I¬ðm glad they have finally decided to clean them,¡± the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, ¡°But aren¬ðt you working too late?¡±

    Not answering her question, Mum just pushed harder each swipe of the mop, taking her farther and farther down the hall. I watched until she was out of sight and the nurse had turned back to write in the big book. And did not pay any attention to me.

    After a long time, Mum came back. Her eyes were shining with tears. She quickly put the mop back in to the small room and took my hand. As we turned to go out of the door, Mum bowed politely to the nurse and said, ¡°Thank you.¡±

    Outside, Mum told me:¡°Dagmar is fine. No fever.¡±

    ¡°You saw her, Mum £¿¡±

    ¡°Of course. I told her about the hospital rule, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will stop worrying as well. It is a fine hospital, isn¬ðt it? But such floors! The mop is no good. They need a brush.¡±

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. the national museum2. twenty minutes3. 18 dollars4. the skyscrapers5. by subway

    Passenger: Hey, taxi! Ah great! Thanks for pulling over.
    Driver: Where to?
    P: Well, I am going to the national museum of art, and ...
    D: Sure. Hop in.
    P: Uh, Excuse me, how long does it take to get there?
    D: Well, that all depends on the traffic, but it should not take more than twenty minutes for the average driver.
    P: Oh.
    D: And I am not the average. I have driving down to an art, so we should be able to cross through traffic and get there less than 20 minutes.
    P: OK. OK, sorry for asking ...
    D: YEAH?
    P: But do you have any idea how much the fee will be?
    D: Oh, it should not be more than 18 dollars ... not including a ... uh ... hum ... a tip of course.
    P: Oh, and by the way, do you know what time the museum closes?
    D: Well, I would guess around 6 o¬ðclock.
    P: Uh, do you have time?
    D: Yeah, it is 5:30. Un, it¬ðs your first time to the city, right?
    P: Yeah, how did you know?
    D: Well, you can tell tourists from a mile away in this city because they walk down the street, looking straight up at the skyscrapers.
    P: Was it that obvious?
    D: Well ...
    P: Oh, before I forget, can you recommend any good restaurant downtown that offer meals at a reasonable price?
    D: Well, the Mexican restaurant la fajita is fantastic.
    P: Oh!
    D: It is not as inexpensive as other places I know. But the d¨¦cor is very authentic.
    P: OK.
    D: And the portions are larger than most other places I have been to.
    P: Sounds great! How do I get there from the museum.
    D: Well, you can catch the subway right outside the museum.
    P: Ok, thanks.

    Day 57¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. 102. graying of America3. education, medicine, business
    4. position, marriage, health5. kiss, laugh, embrace

    America is growing older these days. About fifty years ago, only four out of every one hundred people in the United States were 65 years old or older. And today, 10 out of every one hundred Americans are over 65 years old. The aging of the population will affect and has affected the whole of American society in many ways ¡ª education, medicine, and business. Quietly, the graying of America has made us a very different society ¡ª one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior is suitable at various ages.

    A person¬ðs age no longer tells you anything at all about his or her situation of social position, marriage or health. There is no longer a particular year in which one should go to school or should go to work or should get married or should start a family. The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to get to school, to get a job, or to stop working is not as strong as it used to be. It does not surprise us any more to hear of a 29ª²yearª²old university president or a 35ª²yearª²old grandmother, or a 70ª²yearª²old man who has become a father for the first time. Public ideas are changing.

    Many people say, ¡°I am much younger than my mother ¡ª or my father ¡ª was at my age.¡± No one says,  ¡°I am much older than my mother ¡ª or my father ¡ª was at my age.¡± No one says ¡°Act your age¡± any more. We will not be looking with surprise at older people who act in youthful ways to kiss or to laugh or to embrace in the street.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. form of illness2. Africa3. surroundings and food4. liquid5. drinking milk

    In October 1949, the United Nations brought a number of officials on food to Geneva to discuss the problem of eating habits and food supplies of peoples all over the world. In the discussion, one problem that interested them particularly was a form of illness, about which little was known among the children in Africa and Latin America, almost the poorest area of the world.

    Two doctors were chosen to make the study. They flew to Africa, south of Sahara and during the next two months they visited ten countries. They found that serious problems relating to poor eating existed in all parts of Africa.

    The sick children are usually those from one to four years old. As the illness progresses, the children¬ðs stomachs become filled with liquid. Their hair  changes  color to gray and starts to fall out. The patient loses all interest in his surroundings and even in food, and becomes so weak that he or she could not walk any more and all he or she wants to do is to lie down in bed all the time. Some of them even died because of this illness.

    The doctors pointed out that many African children caught this kind of illness because they ate too little milk or meat. It was necessary that the children of Africa should be helped to eat better. The doctors suggested the production of food rich in protein be increased. And they suggested that the United Nations should send large quantities of powdered milk to hospital and children health centers. Then the United Nations would give an announcement to all rich countries to have a collection of money to buy some milk for the children there.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. His personal experiences2. In 19253. A Farewell to Arms4. A doctor5. Europe

    When we think about Hemingway, the writer, we also have to think about Hemingway, the man. In many ways, his life was as interesting as his work. Like many great writers, many of his books and stories were based on his personal experiences. Let¬ðs look at some of these books and see how his experiences influenced him.

    In 1925, he published his first collection of short stories, called In Our Time. Most of the stories were really about his childhood. A year later, in 1926, his first two novels appeared Torrents of Spring and The Sun Also Rises. Remember, Hemingway lived in Paris during the early twenties. When he lived there, he knew many famous writers and artists. The Sun Also Rises is about some of those talented, but lonely and angry people.

    Hemingway drove an ambulance during World War I ¡ª that was between 1914 and 1918. Many yeas later, in 1929, he used this experience when he wrote his fourth novel, A Farewell to Arms.

    This book, which was a love story about an American ambulance driver and a British nurse, made him famous throughout the world.

    After that, during the 1930¬ðs, Hemingway continued to write short stories and also wrote two books about subjects he greatly loved. Death in the Afternoon  was about bullfighting, and  The Green Hills of Africa  was about big game hunting. His father, a doctor, got him interested in hunting, fishing, sports, and the outdoor life when he was a child.

    When the Second World War began, Hemingway returned to Europe. This time he was there as a reporter, so he was present at many of the most important battles of the war. He used these war experiences to write Across the River and  Into the Trees. This book was not very successful, and people thought he was losing his magic.

    Day 58¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. 32. Rome3. Art galleries4. more romantic5.  London

    BOB:Ruth, It was great to get away, but it is good to be at home again.
    RUTH: It was a wonderful trip. Which city do you like best, Paris, London, or Rome?
    BOB: That¬ðs hard to say. There were good and bad things about each of them.
    RUTH: Wait! What bad?
    BOB: Traffic. The traffic in London was pretty bad, and it was even worse in Paris! I was afraid to cross the street.
    RUTH: That¬ðs true... How about Rome? I thought Rome was worse than Paris. Those drivers are crazily honking their horns! It was really noisy.
    BOB: Paris was noisy, too. Much noisier than it was in London.
    RUTH: You are right, but I still think Rome was noisier than Paris.
    BOB: Well, all big cities have bad traffic and a lot noise. Let¬ðs not think about the bad things. Think about all those art galleries we visited.
    RUTH: Yeah, the art galleries in Rome were fantastic, but I thought the Paris art galleries were better. Of course, I have always dreamed of going to Louvre.
    BOB: Me, too. I loved the galleries in London, but I liked the ones in Paris even more. The restaurants in Paris were better, too. I thought the food was more interesting with more flavor.
    RUTH: And the food in Rome was incredible! I liked the Italian restaurants better. They were more interesting. Before we went to Rome, I thought Italian food was all pizza and spaghetti!
    BOB:  I am sure I put on weight there.
    RUTH: But we did a lot of dancing at night. Those discos in Rome were great, but I think I liked the Paris nightlife better. It was more romantic.
    BOB:  You know where I had more fun in the evening? London. Paris was good, but I thought the London nightlife was better.
    RUTH: Yeah, we saw several great plays. I will never decide which city I liked best.
    BOB: Me, neither.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. The god2. Wreaths and privileges3. A French educator4. Nine5.  Games in 1972

    The Olympic Games originated in 776 B.C. in Olympia, a small town in Greece. Participants in the first Olympiad are said to have run a 200ª²yard race, but as the Games were held every four years, they expanded in scope. Only Greek amateurs were allowed to participate in this festival in honor of the gods. The event became a religious, patriotic, and athletic occasion where winners were honored with wreaths and special privileges. There was a profound chance in the nature of the Games under the Roman emperors. They were banned in 394 A.D. by Emperor Theodosius, after they became professional circuses and carnivals.

    The modern Olympic Games began in Athens in 1896 as a result of the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin, a French educator whose desire was to promote international understanding through athletics. Nine nations participated in the first Games; over 100 nations currently compete.

    The taint of politics and racial controversy, however, has impinged upon the Olympic Games in our epoch. In 1936, Hitler, whose country hosted the Games, a fronted Jess Owens, a black American runner, by refusing to congratulate Owens for the feat of having won four gold metals. In the 1972 Munich Games, the world was appalled by the deplorable murder of eleven Israeli athletes by Arab terrorists. The next Olympic Games in Montreal were boycotted by African nations: in addition, Taiwan withdrew. In 1980, following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, sixtyª²two nations caused great dismay to their athletes by refusing to participate in the Games. The consensus among those nations was that their refusal would admonish the Soviets.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. Weather2. Hot and dry3. Foggy November4. 0¡«10 degrees5. weather is unpredictable

    Weather in Britain seems to be a favorite conversation topic. The reason why people talk about the weather is that it is very unpredictable. In Britain, you can never tell what the weather will be like the next day. In spring, it may shower one day, but wind the next, and then be cloudy the next.

    In summer, temperature rises. It usually goes up to 20 degrees to 25 degrees, but people start complaining if it gets over 30 degrees. The weather is changeable: hot and sunny one day, cool and misty the next. In fact, for many years, it seems to rain all summer, especially in August, but for some other years, like 1976, there was a very hot summer and a drought. There was no rain for three months, which was very unusual.

    The autumn may be golden or damp and misty. London used to be famous for foggy Novembers, but seldom can you get thicker fog these days.

    In winter, it is usually pretty chilly, with temperature between 0 degree to 10 degrees. It snows some years but not others. For example, the winter of 1981 to 1982 was very cold. There was snow all over the country for four months and the temperature dropped to 17 degrees below zero in many places. But the winter of 1982 to 1983 was a mild one with hardly any snow.

    You maybe listen to the weather forecast on the radio or on TV in the morning. But often people find that the weather changes faster than the reporter can predict, so people do not rely on the forecast as much as they do on umbrellas.

    Day 59¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. 2,200 miles2. About 756 AD3. In 17904. Diseases, alcohol and religion/Trouble5.  1959

    Hawaii, the newest state in the United States, is a group of eight large islands and many small ones in the Central Pacific Ocean,  about 2,200 miles west of San Francisco.

    Hawaii was probably settled about 756 A.D., by seafarers from the other Pacific islands. The first Europeans or Americans to visit it were the British Captain James Cook and his crew in 1778. James named his discovery the Sandwich Islands after the sponsor of his expedition, the Earl of Sandwich. Twelve years later,  others from Europe and the new United States began to settle in the islands. These ¡°westerners¡± brought trouble to Hawaii. They brought new diseases, which the Hawaiians had no resistance to; they brought alcohol, which many Hawaiians became addicted to; they brought a new religion which uprooted the old values and forced the islanders to abandon their old culture and conform to a new one. Many Americans settled in Hawaii, and in 1893, they overthrew the queen and made Hawaii a republic. Sandford Dole, a missionary¬ðs son, was made president. In 1898, the United States took over the islands, and it became a territory of the United States in 1900.

    On December 7th, 1941, the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. This attack brought about the entrance of the United States into the Second World War. In 1959, the United States Congress admitted Hawaii to statehood, making it the fiftieth state in the United States. For the first time in about 200 years, Hawaiians were able to participate in the electoral process.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1.  Speaking skills2. Speech communication3.  Prisoners¬ð family members
    4. patiently5.  thankª²you

    I had been inside the prison called Gander Hill several times already by the time I met Ray in the spring of 1993. My father worked there with a group teaching inmates to improve their communication and speaking skills. I was a senior in college, majoring in speech communications, and eventually I started my own volunteer student group at Gander Hill.

    Teaching communication means getting people to tell their stories, but Ray could tell you how much he missed playing his guitar without speaking. Sometimes he moved his hands across the air as if he were playing his favorite blues scale. He loved sharing his guitar stories. Although he had been an inmate at Gander Hill for over a decade, he always had a song in his head, in particular one that he said he had been writing in his mind since his arrival. He looked forward to playing again the way a child counts the days until summer vacation.

    When my group formally established itself at Gander Hill, the men were allowed a night of celebration to which they could invite one or two family members. The night of the celebration was just like Christmas for them. They huddled with their loved ones, whom they had not seen or touched in several months or longer. Since his family lived in Texas, no one came to the celebration as Ray¬ðs guest, but he waited patiently for me to arrive. As he rehearsed his song in his head, I walked into the prison with a guitar.

    Ray tuned that guitar as if he were putting his life back into harmony. I have never heard a guitar tuned like that before or since. He looked at me over his shoulder and nodded a thankª²you before bringing his song to life on the guitar. Ray¬ðs fingers danced across the strings as if they were himself, running free.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. Tonight2. Not necessary3. movies and politics
    4. cook dinner (together)5.  mutual understanding

    M: Donna, you look so happy. Any good news?
    W: I have a date tonight, but I¬ðve never done this before. I feel kind of silly, but here goes. Anyway, I am a little nervous.
    M: Don¬ðt be shy. Tell me, what kind of man do you like to date?
    W: I guess I really like men who are funny. I love to laugh and be happy. That¬ðs the most important thing. I don¬ðt like men who are really loud. I mean, I like men to laugh. I don¬ðt want them to sound like donkeys!
    M: What about their appearance, must he be handsome?
    W: Not necessary. But he should be tall, muscular, deeply emotional and totally selfª²controlled.
    M: What else?
    W: I like men who are intelligent and openª²minded. Those two things go together, don¬ðt they? Humor is important. I love talking about books and movies and politics.
    M: Well, what kind of men are not to your liking?
    W: Let me see. I hate men who think they are always right. That is, the stubborn ones who don¬ðt listen to new ideas. They always get into bad moods if you don¬ðt agree with them. I don¬ðt like men who are moody.
    M: Ok. Now would you like to say something about your date tonight?
    W: Hmm. He comes to my place, and we cook dinner together. Then we put on rock and roll and sit down and eat and talk about important things.
    M: Sounds romantic. Ok, what do you think is the most essential thing for young people?
    W: Mutual understanding. At least we should respect each other,  we should keep our own privacy. And I will support his career and his ideas. At the same time I will not put my nose into each of his affairs.
    M: You are pretty good. I wish I could be the man. Good luck.
    W: Thanks. And also to you. Goodª²bye.

    Day 60¡¼*3/4¡½
    Part A
    Answers:
    1. Financial support2. Elementary school3. positive, exciting, emotional
    4. A bond5. He was touched

    The Hope Project was established to assist children who are in need of financial support to attend school. In villages and townships surrounding Quzhou, a $50 contribution, equivalent to RMB 400, provides one child the opportunity to finish elementary school. As a foreign teacher from the United States, I had the privilege of serving as a liaison (ÁªÂçÔ±) between my American friends and relatives and the students who were in need of financial support.

    For each child, a single picture and documents were provided by the Hope Project. Upon meeting with the families who supported these children, I delivered the provided information. The response of the families was overwhelmingly positive, exciting and emotional. Many of the families felt a bond with their Chinese students, to the extent that many tears came to their eyes and they expressed such thoughts as, ¡°Can we adopt these children and bring them to America?¡± and children were asking, ¡°When will our Chinese brothers and sisters come and live with us?¡± Each family displayed the pictures of these students in their homes, including them with their own family pictures.

    On many occasions, I was invited to talk about my activities with the Hope Project. Many more individuals expressed interest in helping the children in China to receive education. For example, in one gathering where Chinese and American friends were attending, a Taiwanese family was present and as the father was translating my accounts of the Hope experience, his nineª²yearª²old son became so touched that he approached me after the talk and said, ¡°For the Chinese New Year, I received some money. I would like to give this money to you. Could you please adopt a Chinese student for me?¡± At this and other meetings, many Chinese families, as well as American families, requested to adopt Hope Project children.

    Part B
    Answers:
    1. absolutely free2. his own nature3. limited
    4. moral sense5. freedom

    A man living absolutely alone in a desert or forest is free from other people; but he is not absolutely free. His freedom is limited in several ways. Firstly, by the things around him, such as wild animals or cliffs. Secondly, by his own needs: he must have sleep, water, food and shelter from extreme heat or cold. Lastly, by his own nature as a man: disease may attack him, and death will certainly come to him sooner or later.

    On the other hand, when men become organized into very large groups and civilization develops, it is possible to get freedom from hunger, thirst, cold, heat, and many diseases, so that each person can live a happier life than he could if he were living alone; but such a society cannot work successfully unless the freedom of each human being is to some extent limited so that he is kept from hurting others. I am not free to kill others, nor to steal someone else¬ðs property, nor to act in a way that does wrong against the moral sense of the society in which we live. I have to limit my own freedom myself so that others will not limit it too much: I agree to respect the rights of others, and in return they agree to respect mine.

    The advantages of such an agreement are great: one can become a doctor knowing that others will grow food, make clothes and build a house for him, in return for the work he does to keep them healthy. If each man had to grow his own food, make his own clothes, build his own house and learn to be his own doctor, he would find it impossible to do any one of these jobs really well. By working together, we make it possible for society to provide us all with food, clothes, shelter and medical care, while leaving each of us with as much freedom as it can.

    Part C
    Answers:
    1. verbal2. Two or three.3. Display affection.
    4. Head.5. Shrugging their shoulders.

    Body language is very important in communication. Studies show that only 7% of the communication in daily life is verbal. Westerners expect people to look at each other while they are talking, if not, it may indicate that you don¬ðt like the person. When shaking hands, westerners will shake two or three times. When a man shakes the hand of a woman, it is preferable for the woman to hold out her hand first.

    Different countries have different customs and habits. In the U.S., couples like to hold hands, kiss on the street, in the park, in restaurants and even on trains and buses. But in Korea and China, custom forbids people to display affection in public places. In Russia, France and Arab countries, men kiss other men when they meet. But men in China or Australia shake hands instead of kissing. People in Puerto Rico like touching each other, but people in Britain don¬ðt touch each other. People in Arab countries like standing close to each other while they are talking, but English people like to keep a distance  when they are talking. In some Asian countries, you must not touch the head of another person.

    Body languages differ from country to country. As for Chinese and English speakers, nodding the head means agreement while shaking it means disagreement. While in some parts of India, moving one¬ðs head up and down means disagreement and from side to side means yes. In America, people like to shrug their shoulders meaning ¡°I don¬ðt care or I give up.¡± In Japan when people mean ¡°come here¡±, they hold out their hands with the palm down and move them up and down. That looks like ¡°Sit down¡±, ¡°Be quiet¡± to us. When American means ¡°come here¡±, they hold out their hands with the palms upward and move their fingers toward their bodies.

    Accelerated Stage
    Day 61
    Answers:
    Part A
    1. construction2. 223. 4:00 p.m.4. 9:00 p.m.5. 1986

    Part B
    6. add spiciness7. two teaspoons8. 20 minutes9. the beef slices10. 2 minutes

    Part C
    11. B12. C13. C14. C15. D16. C17. C18. D19. A20. A

    Tapescript
    Section 1Listening Comprehension
    Directions:
    This section is designed to test your ability to understanding spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B, and Part C.

    Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.

    <Pause 00¡ä05¡å>
    Now look at Part A in your test booklet.

    Part A
    Directions:
    For questions 1ª²5, you will hear a singer¬ðs autobiography. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.
    <00¡ä25¡å>
    <Tone>
    I grew up in a small town. My father raised chickens and ran a construction company. I was barely 10 years old when my dad gave me the responsibility of feeding the chickens and cleaning up the stable. He believed it was important to me to have those jobs to learn responsibility and moods. Then, when I was 22, I found a job in Natchbill at a country music club called ¡°the Natchbill palace¡±. I washed dishes and cooked from 4:00 p.m. To 9:00 p.m. And then went on the stage and sang until 2:00 in the morning. It wasn¬ðt long before I became known as a singing cook. I had been rejected so many times by record companies that it was hard not to be discouraged. One night, a woman executive from a company named Warner Brothers Records came to hear me sing. When the show was over, we sat down and talked and after she left I said to myself it was one more rejection. A few weeks later, my manager received a phone call ¡ª Warner brothers wanted to sign me to a record deal. Soon after, I released my first record in June 1986. It sold over 2 million copies. My best efforts had gone into every job I ever held. It was the sense of responsibility that made me feel like a man. Knowing that I had done my best filled me with pride. I still feel that way today, even though I have become a wellª²known singer now.

    You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 1-5.
    <Pause 00¡ä30¡å>
    Now you will hear the recording again.
    <The recording is repeated>
    You now have another 20 seconds to check your answers to Questions 1-5.
    <Pause 00¡ä20¡å>
    That is the end of Part A

    Part B
    Directions:
    For questions 6-10 you will hear a cooking lecture. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below.
    <Pause 00¡ä25¡å>
    <Tone>
    Today, I¬ðm going to tell you how to make stirfried beef with ginger. This typical Guangzhou dish is one of the quickest and tastiest ways to cook beef. The ginger adds spiciness. Serve it with ham and bean sprouts soup.
    Ingredients: 350 grams of lean beefsteak.
    Quarter of a teaspoon of salt.
    Two teaspoons of light soy sauce.
    Half a teaspoon of sesame oil.
    One teaspoon of corn flour.
    One slice of fresh ginger.
    One tablespoon of oil.
    And half a teaspoon of sugar.
    First, you put the beef in the freezing compartment of the refrigerator for twenty minutes. This will allow the meat to harden slightly for easier cutting.
    Then cut it into thin slices of about one and a half inches, that¬ðs three and a half centimeters long.
    Put the beef slices into a bowl. And add the salt, soy sauce, wine, sesame oil, and corn flour, and mix well.
    Let the slices soak for about fifteen minutes.
    Meanwhile, finely shred the ginger slice and set it aside.
    Heat a wok or large frying pan and add the oil.
    When it is very hot, stirfry the beef for about two minutes.
    When all the beef is cooked, remove it, wipe the wok or pan clean and reª²heat it.
    Add a little oil and stirfry the ginger for a few seconds.
    Quickly return the meat to the pan, and stir well.
    Turn the mixture onto a plate, and serve at once.

    You now have 50 seconds to check your answers to Questions 6-10.
    <Pause 00¡ä50¡å>
    Now you will hear the recording again.
    <The recording is repeated>
    You now have another 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 6-10.
    <Pause 00¡ä30¡å>
    That is the end of Part B

    Part C
    Directions:
    You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only.
    Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk about nature. You now have 15 seconds to read question 11-13.
    <Pause 00¡ä15¡å>
    <Tone>
    The ¡®balance of nature¡¯ is not an empty phrase. Nature provides a population to occupy a suitable environment and cuts down surplus population to fit the available parasites and diseases. Also, population density produces nervous disorders and even drives animals to mass migrations.
    That predator population controls other animals has long been known. Many years ago, the Hudson¬ðs Bay Company records revealed that the fox population went up and down about a year after the rabbit population had gone up and down.
    Sometimes a situation occurs in which the predator population is reduced to a level below that which nature can readily replace. On the Valcour Island in Lake Champlain (New York), a costly campaign resulted in the elimination of predatory animals only to have birds and small animals increase four years afterward. Then lacking predator control, nature resorted to disease to cut down these populations.
    Jamaica had an example of nature¬ðs persistence in providing animals for existing habitat. Sugar planters, about 75 years ago, imported mongooses to control rats. The mongooses killed off the rats and, with plentiful food, multiplied. Rats became scarce and the mongooses ate poultry, lambs, puppies, and wildlife. Eventually, food became scare and the mongoose population declined.

    You now have another 30 seconds to check your answers to Question 11-13.

    Questions 14-16 are based on the following conversation in a museum. You now have 15 seconds to read question 14-16.
    <Pause 00¡ä15¡å>
    <Tone>
    Man:I haven¬ðt been to this museum before. I wonder if you could help me find my way around. I¬ðm especially interested in antique sculptures.
    Woman: We have displays of both Egyptian and Greek sculpture.
    Man:   Good. Can you tell me what you have from Egypt?
    Woman: We have displays starting in the prehistoric time before 3100 B.C. up to A.D.100. Most of the statures are of people but we have a few granite animals. There is an especially nice lifeª²sized limestone stature of a nobleman seated with his wife and holding her hand. One massive stature of a king is in brown quartzite. And to give you an idea of the variety there is an ivory sphinx and a small gold and silver figure of a nobleman walking with a scene. Most statues are on inscribed bases. They use the most amazing ranges of materials ¡ª baked mud, glass, bronze, clay, alabaster ¡ª you name it.
    Man:   How would you say the Greek sculpture compares with the Egyptian?
    Woman: Our Greek sculptures date from about 2500 Bª±C. to A. D.100. The earliest are small marble statues from Crete, with quite primitive workmanship. It wasn¬ðt until around 580 B. C. That well formed lifeª²sized figures appeared. These were in marble, stone, and bronze. We have a few of the famous nude athletes for which the Greeks became so famous. A noticeable difference between the Egyptian and Greek sculpture is that the Greek figures became free standing. The Egyptian sculptures had a support at the back and the arms were against the sides. The Egyptian clothes tend to follow the lines of the body, while Greek clothes were usually loose flowing garments.

    You now have another 30 seconds to check your answers to Question 14-16.
    <Pause 00¡ä30¡å>
    Questions 17-20 are based on the following talk about postal service. You now have 20 seconds to read question 17-20.
    <Pause 00¡ä20¡å>
    <Tone>
    The first postal service in North America began in New England in the 17th century. All mail arriving in Massachusetts¬ðs colony was sent to the home of an appointed official in Boston. In turn, he would deliver the mail from Boston on horseback to its destination, receiving one penny for each  article of mail. Later in the century postal services were established between Philadelphia and Delaware. In 1691, the British crown appointed the first postmaster general to have charge of the mail for all the colonies in North America. Later, Benjamin Franklin served as the postmaster general for the British government and then was made postmaster by the newly formed United States government. Franklin was responsible for establishing the United States postal systems on a permanent basis. He increased the number of post offices introduced the use of stagecoaches to carry mail. As railroad and steam boats appeared, they were used to carry mail into the towns. Some communities, especially those out west, were far from the services of transportation. To serve them, the post office developed a system called ¡°star route¡±. Private contractors paid to deliver mail to the communities from railways by horse and wagon. The postal service, which was started over 3 centuries ago, has developed into an extensive government service with post offices in every city, town, and village in the United States.

    You now have another 40 seconds to check your answers to Question 17-20.
    <Pause 00¡ä40¡å>
    That is the end of Part C
    You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.
    <Pause 05¡ä00¡å>
    <Music 00¡ä05¡å>
    That is the end of listening comprehension.

    Day 62
    Answers:
    Part A
    1. 62. 4.503. 94. dessert5. 10%

    Part B
    6. iron horse7. a coach line8. build steam9. the engine broke10. by 1870

    Part C
    11. C12. C13. D14. D15. C16. B17. B18. D19. B20. A

    Tapescript
    Part A
    M:Could I have my bill, please?
    W: Yes, sir. One moment, please.
    M: Could you kindly explain this to me? What is item 6?
    W: Perhaps I could go through it for you. The first item is the cover charge. Number 2 is the beer. Then your starter, your main course and the vegetable. The main course was 4.50 not 3.50, so item six is the difference.
    M: Oh, I see. But how was I expected to know that?
    W: Yes, sir. They are a bit hard to follow sometimes. Number 8 is your dessert and number 9 the cigarette. Oh, and number 7 is your second beer.
    M: And what about the service, is that included?
    W: Yes, that¬ðs marked down here, 10% service.
    M: Good. Thank you. Now, can you take my credit card?
    W: I¬ðm afraid we don¬ðt accept credit cards.
    M: Oh, dear. What about a cheque with a banker¬ðs card?
    W: Yes, sir. That will be all right.

    Part B
    In the early days of the railroads, horses pulled the train. The trains had no power of their own. Richard Trevithik of England invented a steamª²powered engine in 1804. Soon people were building railroads and steam engines all over the world. Because the steam engine did the work that animals used to do, people called them ¡°iron horses¡±.

    Peter Cooper was a rich American businessman. He owned a lot of land near the Baltimore and Ohio railroad. He wanted the railroad to be successful. He built his own steam engine to drive along the railroad.

    Most people traveled in coaches drawn by horse. A coach line challenges Peter Cooper to a race. The day of the race eventualy came. At first the horse was winning the race. Peter Cooper¬ðs engine needed time to build up steam. He worked hard to make the train go faster. Soon he was catching up with the horse. He was going to win the race! Suddenly one of the parts of the engine broke. The train stopped. And the horse rushed ahead. Peter Cooper lost the race.

    Of course, that is not the end of the story. By 1870, railroads extended all across the United States. The ¡°iron horse¡± had become an important part of American life.

    Part C
    Passage 1
    A lot of people in the United States are coffee drinkers. Over the last few years, a trend has been developing to introduce premium specially blended coffees known as gourmet coffees into the American market. Boston seems to have been the birthplace of this trend. In fact major gourmet coffee merchants from other cities like Seattle, San Francisco, came to Boston where today they are engaged in a kind of coffee war with Boston¬ðs merchants. They are all competing for a significant share of the gourmet coffee market. Surprisingly the competition among this leading gourmet coffee business will not hurt any of them. Experts predict that the gourmet coffee market in the United States is growing and will continue to grow to the point that gourmet coffee will soon capture a half of what is now a 1.5 millionª²dollar market and will be an eight million dollar market by 1999. Studies have shown that coffee drinkers who convert to gourmet coffee seldom go back to the regular brands found in supermarket. As a result these brands will be the real losers in the gourmet coffee competition.

    Passage 2
    You may remember that a few weeks ago we discussed the questions of what photography is. Today I want to talk about a person who tried to make his professional life an answers to such questions. Alfred Stieglitz went from the United States to Germany to study engineering. While he was there he became interested in photography and began to experiment with his camera. He took pictures under conditions that most photographers considered too difficult. He took them at night. In the rain, and having people and objects reflected in windows. When he returned to the United States, he continued this revolutionary effort. Stieglitz was the first person to photograph skyscrapers, clouds and views from an airplane. What he was trying to do in his photographs was what he tried to do throughout his life to make photography an art. He thought that photography could be just as beautiful a form of selfª²expression as painting or drawing. For Stieglitz, his camera was his brush. While many photographers in the late 1800s and early 1900s thought of their work as a reproduction of identical images, Stieglitz saw his as a creative art form. He understood the power of the camera to capture the moment. In fact he never retouched his prints or made copies of them. If you are in this class from today, I¬ðm sure you¬ðd say: well, painters don¬ðt normally make extra copies of their paintings, do they?

    Passage 3
    W:I want to register for this mathematics course.
    M: I¬ðm sorry registration has closed.
    W: Closed? The clerk told me I could come back and register any time during the first week of classes.
    M: Well, that¬ðs not possible. The computer¬ðs official student account has already been sent to the state. And that¬ðs what our budget is based on. Who told you that anyway?
    W: Some woman here when I tried to register three weeks ago. She said I just had to pay a late fee.
    M: She must have been a temporary worker. They don¬ðt have much training. Why didn¬ðt you register then?
    W: She said I couldn¬ðt until I had my birth certificate. Here it is.
    M: Your birth certificate?
    W: Well, I¬ðm a new partª²time student. So she asked for identification. I don¬ðt drive so I didn¬ðt have a driver¬ðs license.
    M: Huh. That¬ðs no reason to demand a birth certificate. We only need to establish residency: a phone bill with your name and address would¬ðve been fine.
    W: Really? Only prove of my address?
    M: Yes. I¬ðm afraid she gave you the wrong information. Still you¬ðll have to wait to next semester.
    W: But that¬ðs not fair.
    M: Well, I sympathize with your problem, but frankly, I don¬ðt think there is anything I can do for you. You were trapped in the system. If you want to, you can tell the director. She will help you if she can.
    W: Great.
    M: Don¬ðt get your hopes up.

    Day 63
    Answers:
    Part A
    1. Roses2. 123. London4.  5:00 pm.5. HR639.4215

    Part B
    6. northern7. a sea goddess8. In  9879. over 58010. March 23rd

    Part C
    11. B12. C13. D14. C15. A16. B17. D18. A19. A20. C

    Tapescripts
    Part A
    Saleswoman:Hello. Friend Flowers. Ms. Smith speaking.
    Henry Brown: his is Henry Brown. I¬ðd like to order some flowers and have them sent to my home.
    Saleswoman: Fine, Mr. Brown. What kind of flowers would you like?
    Henry Brown: I¬ðd like to send a dozen red roses.
    Saleswoman: A dozen red roses. We have just got some new kind of red roses on sale selling for twenty pounds a dozen today, and they are really quite nice.
    Henry Brown: All right then. I¬ðll take those.
    Saleswoman: Can you tell me your complete address with the zip code, Mr. Brown?
    Henry Brown: he address is 36 Wood street House, Park Village East, London NW24ET, UK.
    Saleswoman: What would you like us to put on the card?
    Henry Brown: Hm, just something simple. How about: All my love, Henry.
    Saleswoman: OK. Now, when should they arrive?
    Henry Brown: They should be there at five o¬ðclock this afternoon.
    Saleswoman: That should be no problem. Just one more question, Mr. Brown. How do you intend to make payment?
    Henry Brown:¡¡You can put it on my visa card. The number is HR639.4215.
    Saleswoman: That should do it. Thank you for calling Friend Flowers. Bye.
    Henry Brown: Bye.

    Part B
    Meizhou Island, the hometown of Ma Zu, is located in the northern part of Meizhou Bay, facing Taiwan across the strait. Ma Zu used to be called Lin Mo. Because she rescued countless fishermen and merchant ships on the sea in her lifetime, she was worshipped as a Sea goddess after her death. She was entitled ¡°heavenly empress¡± and ¡°goddess¡± by the emperors of  past dynasties. The temple was built in 987, during the Song dynasty, the same year that she died. It was a small temple when it was first built. It was expanded several times in the successive dynasties and grew into a magnificent temple.
    Before he set sail the seventh time, the famous navigator Zheng He was ordered by the Ming emperor to be in charge of the imperial worship at Meizhou Bay and the expanding construction of the temple. The temple has become a sacred place. Sailors come by. It is said that there are almost one thousand Ma Zu temples in the world. There are over 580 Ma Zu temples in Taiwan. On the 23rd of March in the Chinese lunar calendar, Ma Zu¬ðs birthday, Ma Zu temples all over the world attract a large number of worshippers.
    Behind the temple there are some inscriptions on the rock. Standing on the rock, one can see white seagulls skimming over the waves and ships sailing back and forth.
    Meizhou Bay is a famous deepª²water harbour, there are ferryboats plying between Meizhou Island and Wen jia dock on Zhongmen peninsula.

    Part C
    Passage 1
    Oxford University, founded in the 12th century, is situated in a small town known as Oxford. The town, with a population of some 110 000, is located about 85 kilometres northwest of London. Charles 1 used Oxford as his headquarters during the English Civil War and his force surrendered there in 1646.

    Cambridge University is located in another city, known as Cambridge and with a population of about 100 000. The city is situated in southeast central England and on the Cam River. Cambridge University came into being in the early years of the 13th century when a number of scholars moved to the town of Cambridge from Oxford because their classes had been suspended.

    In spit of their different characteristics, the two universities have much in common. They are both the oldest universities of high prestige in Britain. They are each made of some thirty or more colleges with about 12 000 students. The colleges are scattered all over the city and there is no definite area, which can be called the ¡°campus¡±. They have similar government and tutorial systems. It is for this reason that the two universities are introduced together.

    Cambridge has been prominent in mathematics and sciences since the days of Newton. A number of Cambridge mathematicians and scientists have won Nobel prizes. But Oxford has produced numerous political leaders and Cabinet members. Every Prime Minister from 1945 to 1974 was once a student at Oxford, turning the university into the soª²called ¡°cradle for Prime Ministers¡±. Competition between the two universities for prominence is also shown in their Boat Race. It is held in London at the end of March each year and it has become one of the great British sporting events of the year. Generally speaking, Cambridge is more likely to be the winner than Oxford.

    Passage 2
    Among the most popular books being written today are those which are usually classified as science fiction. Hundreds of titles are published every year and are read by all kinds of people. Furthermore, some of the most successful films of recent years have been based on science fiction stories.

    It is often thought science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but it can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.

    Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last one hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. wells, to mention just two wellª²known figures, have been translated into many languages.

    Modern science fiction writers don¬ðt write about men from Mars or space adventure stories. They are more interested in predicting the results of technical developments in society and the human mind; or in imagining a future world that reflects the world we live in now. Because of this their writing has obvious political undertones.

    In an age where science fact frequently overtakes science fiction, the writers may find it difficult to keep ahead of scientific advances. Those who see the future clearly can teach us how to master new technology and live in a rapidly changing world.

    Passage 3
    Susan:Good morning, my name is Susan Smith. I¬ðm a personnel manager. You are Henry Brown from England. Is that right?
    Henry: Yes, I saw the advertisement about the job in yesterday¬ðs paper.
    Susan: Well, Mr Brown, I¬ðd like to talk about your personality. You know, the right personality is essential for the job, and we¬ðll give you some psychological tests later on. Perhaps you would like to tell me a little about yourself?
    Henry: Certainly. What would you like to know?
    Susan: Well, you know, human relations are going to be particularly important in this job. Tell me do you get on well with people?
    Henry: Very well indeed. I¬ðm never short of friends.
    Susan: Good. Sometimes, though, you may have to be very tough, for example, you may have to fire someone. Would you say that you are capable of being really hard?
    Henry: If something has to be done, I¬ðll do it.
    Susan: You studied Business Management in the UK, didn¬ðt you? By the way, what type of degree did you get?
    Henry: A first class.
    Susan: And then you did a Master¬ðs degree in America. How about your thesis?
    Henry: My thesis? I got favourable comment from the tutor.
    Susan: Tell me, how many foreign languages do you speak?
    Henry: Three, French, Germany and some Spanish, oh I¬ðve started learning Japanese too.
    Susan: You¬ðll have to work abroad a lot. And that can be very frustrating sometimes. Would you say that you are a patient person?
    Henry: Yes, and I would say that I¬ðm a very patient person. I¬ðve never seen the point of losing one¬ðs temper.
    Susan: That¬ðs very good. Can you keep a secret? A lot of the information you¬ðll be dealing with will be classified.
    Henry: It will be quite safe with me.
    Susan: And then you¬ðll have a lot of reports to write. Often under pressure. Do you think you can write for a deadline?
    Henry: I usually get things finished on time. The pressure often helps.
    Susan: Oh, that¬ðs good.

    Day 64
    Answers:
    Part A
    1. 18252. 338ª°0003. car4. 115. 120

    Part B
    6. a Latin word7. 2500 B.C.8. Han Dynasty9. the fifteenth century10. the Arabs

    Part C
    11. A12. A13. C14. B15. C16. B17. D18. D19. A20. C

    Tapescript
    Part A
    Britain has a highlyª²developed transportation system. It has large merchant fleets and 300 seaports. Britain¬ðs railroads are among the densest and most heavily used in the world. It built the first railway in the world in 1825 and now it has 17ª°700 kilometers of railroad track. Nearly all the lines have at least two tracks side by side. London has 13 railway terminals. The country has some 338ª°000 kilometers of hardª²surfaced roads, or highways, and about 1ª°700 kilometers of trunk motorways. In 1980, the nation claimed to have more than 19ª±2 million cars. Private ownership of cars is still growing and the car is the most popular means of domestic travel while buses and passenger trains account for only about 11% of passenger transportation. About threeª²quarters of freight transportation is carried by trucks which usually demand a lower price than the stateª²owned railways. Railways are mainly used to carry bulky goods and a small number of particular travelers, about 7% of the total passenger transportation. Numerous motors vehicles often cause traffic congestions, especially formidable during peak hours also known as rush hours. Britain has some 120 commercial airports and the main air services are operated by the stateª²owned British Airways,  which is one of the world¬ðs largest. Its scheduled services reach the rest of Europe, Asia, Africa, and North America. It is now being denationalized.

    Part B
    The word ¡°paper¡± comes from a Latin word, ¡°papyrus¡±, a type of writing material which was made from a water reed on the bank of the Nile and used in ancient Egypt. There is evidence that papyrus was made into sheets for writing on as early as 2500 B.C.

    The first manª²made paper, the papyrus, was made by cutting the stems of the reed into layers with the help of a sharp tool. Several of these layers were then laid side by side, and other layers were placed crosswise on top of them. A sticky substance, contained in the stems glued the layers together. The sheets were pressed, dried and finally polished.

    The invention of papermaking as we know it today is attributed to the Chinese. In 105 A.D., Tsai Lun, a Minister of Agriculture under the Han Dynasty, made some paper from rags and fishing nets. From the eighth century the use of paper gradually spread westward, eventually reaching Europe. The first English paper mill was set up in the fifteenth century.

    The Chinese kept the papermaking process a secret for several centuries. The Arabs learnt it from the Chinese in the first half of the eighth century. The craft spread to Baghdad and Damascus, reached Morocco about 1100 A.D, from where it was introduced into Europe by way of Spain, France, Italy and Germany. In Japan, the techniques of papermaking arrived in 610 A.D., where paper was made entirely by hand, chiefly out of the bark of the mulberry tree. In Europe it was made from rags, while in China and the Arab world other materials were used as well as rags.

    Part C
    Passage 1
    Stampª²collecting, once exclusively the hobby of small boys and a fascinating pastime for the older enthusiast, has now become the target of financial speculators. Stamps are both portable and negotiable anywhere and have thus attracted investors with no knowledge of the subject. However, many of these people have lost money as all forms of investment require specialized knowledge.

    There are many stories of warning. The Post Office issued three stamps to honor the 1966 World Cup held in England. When England won the Cup, the fourpenny value overprinted with the words ¡°England Winners¡±. The speculators moved in, the stamp being sold out on the day of issue and soon selling at up to sixty times its face value. Then the price dropped sharply and now the stamps are easily obtainable at a price which will not make a hole in any schoolboy¬ðs pocket.

    However, interesting stamps ¡ª particularly stamps from the nineteenth century in good condition ¡ª will always be a sound investment. The condition of most childhood collections means that they will seldom be worth very much. Rare stamps can only increase in value over the years. Surprisingly the first stamps ever issued, the British 1840 Penny Black, are not that much of a rarity and will never have the value of, say, the Mauritius One Penny of 1859.

    Such rarities are beyond the means of most stamp collectors who content themselves with the collection of stamps from a particular country or countries, or of stamps on a particular theme: music, sports, flowers and so on. This specialization is necessitated by the vast number of stamps issued every year. In the old days, though, a rich collector might have been able to own almost every stamp ever issued. For most people, then, stamp ¡ª collecting is a satisfying and interesting hobby, not a form of investment.

    Passage 2
    The American congress has approved of a project to stop dumping the produced waste into the ocean. An environment group considered the project a major victory. Treated human waste can help plant and animal life, but some scientists note it also contains small amounts of harmful chemicals. If the waste isn¬ðt dumped far from the land or the sea is not deep enough, there will be serious problem for humans. Until recently waste was dumped into the Atlantic Ocean about 19 kilometers from the coast of northeast American state, New Jersey. Studies show that this area now is unable to support the plant and animal life it once had. America¬ðs Environmental Project Agency this year said that dumping should be done more than 160 kilometers from the New Jersey coast. Chemical waste has been dumped in this area for more than 25 years. Fishermen say they have caught fewer fish since dumping started in the new area. A fisherman also says that they found many shellfish had been attacked by bacteria which lived in the waste and that the bacteria caused a disease that killed shellfish. The project approved by the American Congress is designed to end waste dumping into the ocean by the beginning of 1992. Any local government still dumping waste after that time will have to pay a large fine.

    Passage 3
    Mary:Hi, John. Has your sister¬ðs baby arrived yet?
    John: Yes, I¬ðve been an uncle since yesterday afternoon.
    Mary: Congratulations. Is it a boy or a girl?
    John: An 8ª²pound boy. They¬ðve named him Francis. That¬ðs spelled with an ¡°i¡± before the ¡°s¡±, you know.
    Mary: That¬ðs right. Frances with an ¡°e¡± is a girl¬ðs name. But they are both pronounced the same. Why did they name your nephew Francis?
    John: I don¬ðt know. They considered a lot of other names, like Richard, Edward, Philip, David, and several others.
    Mary: What if the baby had been a girl? Didn¬ðt they have any girls¬ð name in mind?
    John: They couldn¬ðt agree on any, although they had made a long list of lovely girls¬ð names. Some people have very strong feelings about names.
    Mary: I think most people do. Sometimes I decide not to like someone I haven¬ðt even met, just because I don¬ðt like his name.
    John: That reminds me of something I read a few days ago. Somebody has found that school children with certain names get low marks in school just because of their names.
    Mary: Their family names?
    John: No, their first names. That¬ðs what the article says.
    Mary: How did they find out?
    John: Well, some university professors took four compositions written by four different boys. I think they were fourth grade boys. They showed the composition to a lot of teachers in ten different schools.
    Mary: Were the kid¬ðs names on their compositions?
    John: Not their real names. The teachers were told that two of the compositions had been written by boys named David and Michael.
    Mary: David and Michael are popular names right now.
    John: Yes. And they told the teachers the other two compositions were written by boys named Hubert and Elmer.
    Mary: How did turn out?
    John: The teachers all give low marks to Hubert and Elmer, no matter which compositions those names were written on.
    Mary: But why?
    John: According to the article, the teachers just assumed that anybody named Hubert or Elmer couldn¬ðt do anything well.
    Mary: That¬ðs not fair. My grandfather¬ðs name was Hubert. He was a wonderful businessman.
    John: Of course. But styles change and those names aren¬ðt in style any more.
    Mary: Well, I hope Francis won¬ðt be out of style by the time your nephew starts going to school.

    Day 65
    Answers:
    Part A
    1. skulls2. northeast3. 60ª°0004. 13ª°0005. broadª²cheeked

    Part B
    6. more than one7. western musical traditions8. read music9. work menial jobs
    10. complexity and dynamic

    Part C
    11. C12. D13. C14. B15. A16. D17. B18. C19. B20. A

    Tapescripts
    Part A
    A study of skulls excavated from the tip of Baja California in Mexico suggests that the first Americans may not have been the ancestors of today¬ðs Amerindians, but another people who came from Southeast Asia and the southern Pacific area.

    The question of who colonized the Americas, and when, has long been hotly debated. Traditionally, Native Americans are believed to have descended from northeast Asia, arriving over a land bridge between Siberia and Alaska some 12ª°000 years ago and then migrating across North and South America.

    But recent research, including the Baja California study, indicates that the initial settlement of the continent was instead driven by Southeast Asians who occupied Australia 60ª°000 years ago and then expanded into the America  about 13ª°000 years ago, prior to Mongoloid people arriving from northeast Asia.

    The skulls from Baja California, which may date back only a few hundred years, have slenderª²looking faces that are different from the broadª²cheeked craniums of modern Amerindians, the descendants of the Mongoloid people.

    Part B
    The music called Jazz was born sometime around 1895 in New Orleans. It combined elements of Ragtime, marching band music and Blues. What differentiated Jazz from these earlier styles was the widespread use of improvisation, often by more than one player at a time.

    Jazz represented a break from Western musical traditions, where the composer wrote a piece of music on paper and the musicians then tried their best to play exactly what was in the score. In a Jazz piece, the song is often  a starting point or frame of reference for the musicians to improvise around. The song might have been a popular ditty or blues that they didn¬ðt compose, but by the time they were finished with it they had composed a new piece that often bore little resemblance to the original song. Many of these virtuoso musicians were not good sightª²readers and some could not read music at all, nevertheless their playing thrilled audiences and the spontaneous music they created captured a joy and sense of adventure that was an exciting and radical departure from the music of that time.

    The first Jazz was played by Africanª²American and Creole musicians in New Orleans. The cornet player, Buddy Bolden is generally considered to be the first real Jazz musician. Other early players included Freddie Kippered and Bunk Johnson. Although these musicians¬ð names are unknown to most people, their ideas are still being elaborated on to this day. Most of these men could not make a living with their music and were forced to work menial jobs to get by. The second wave of New Orleans Jazz musicians like Joe ¡°King¡± Oliver, Kid Orgy and Jelly Roll Morton formed small bands that took the music of these order men and increased the complexity and dynamic of their music, as well as gaining greater commercial success.

    Part C
    Passage 1
    Elena Malian was invited for an interview at the ¡°Bon Appetite Restaurant¡±. Here is part of the interview.
    Johnson: Good evening, Miss Malian. Won¬ðt you sit down?
    Elena: Good evening. Thank you!
    Johnson: Now. I noticed you left the Hotel Scandinavia in 1980. What are you doing in England?
    Elena: I¬ðm spending a few months brushing up my English and getting to know the country better.
    Johnson: And you want to work in England too. Why?
    Elena: I¬ðm keen on getting some experience abroad, and I like England.
    Johnson: Good. Now I see from the information you sent me that you have worked in your last employment for nearly four years. Was that a large restaurant?
    Elena: Mediumª²size for Finland, about forty tables.
    Johnson: I see. Well, you¬ðll find it rather different here. Ours is much smaller, we have only ten tables.
    Elena: That must be very cozy.
    Johnson: We try to create a warm, intimate atmosphere. Now, as to the job, you would be expected to look after five tables normally, though we get in extra staff for peak period. I¬ðm the restaurant manager and Head Waiter, so you¬ðd be working directly under me. You¬ðd be responsible for bringing in the dishes from the kitchen, serving the drinks, and if necessary looking after the bills. So you¬ðd be kept pretty busy.
    Elena: I¬ðm used to that. In my last position we were busy most of the time.
    Johnson: As to the salary, we pay our waiters forty pounds a week, and you would get your evening meal free. You may have wondered why I asked you here so late in the day. The fact is, I would like to see you in action. Are you willing to act as a waitress here this evening for half an hour or so?
    Elena:  Well, I¬ðm free this evening.
    Johnson: Good.

    Passage 2
    Many reports show the connection between smoking, and lung cancer and other disease. In just three seconds a cigarette makes your heart beat faster and shoots your blood pressure up. It replaces oxygen in your blood with carbon monoxide and leaves cancerª²causing chemicals to spread through your body. As the cigarettes add up, the damage adds up. It¬ðs the total amount of smoking that causes the trouble. The younger you start smoking, the greater your danger will be. For instance, if you are fifteen, you will have smoked many more cigarettes by the time you are thirty than someone who started at twenty.

    And people who start young tend to become heavy smokers. Heavy smokers run a greater risk. Again, the more cigarettes you smoke, the faster they add up.

    The younger you are, the easier it is to quit. It takes years to develop a real cigarette habit. So even if you think you are hooked, chances are you are not. If you quit now, you will never be sorry. Your body will repair itself. Food will taste better. Everything will smell better £¬including your hair and your clothes. And don¬ðt let anyone tell you stories about gaining weight. Haven¬ðt you ever seen a fat smoker? If you have the willpower to quit smoking, you have the willpower not to overeat. It is as simple as that. You know what you have got to look forward to. You can grow into a truly mature person; you can ruin yourself for life.

    Passage 3
    We tend to use certain parts of our face to communicate certain emotions. For example, research tends to support the notion that our eyes and eyelids are the most accurate indicators of fear. When we are afraid, our eyes are wide open and we may look straightforward with a ¡°blank stare¡± until the threat passes or we learn to control our emotions.

    Our eyes communicate through eye contact and mutual gaze. In public speaking, eye contact refers to looking at the eyes of the people in the audience. Mutual gaze applies to a more intimate communication encounter, such as when two people are in an intense conversation, sitting only a few feet apart and looking at one another. But in different countries eye contact has different implications.

    Eyes play different roles when we communicate with different people. For instance, we can mentally regroup our thoughts when receiving communication from others by glancing away and pondering what has been said or how we want to respond. We can both send messages and control communication with our eyes. We are more apt to gaze at the other person when we have something important to say because we do not want to be interrupted and we want the other person to pay attention. Glancing away from the other person can also assist us in dealing with information overload ¡ª when too much information makes it difficult to comprehend the other person¬ðs message.

    Day 66
    Answers:
    Part A
    1. entomologists2. summer3. August4. May5. Spring

    Part B
    6. half a million7. mild and moist8. forest products9. the fair10. reduce pollution

    Part C
    11. B12. A13. C14. D15. C16. B17. B18. D19.D20. B

    Tapescripts
    Part A
    By learning the life cycle of insects, scientists have found ways to control insect pests.

    The scientists who study insects are called entomologists. Entomologists discover what an insect is like in each stage of its development, where it lives, what it looks like and what it eats. From these facts, a plan for controlling the insect can often be worked out. For example, usually, the eggs of the stalk borer are laid on the stems of wild plants in late summer and stay there all winter. They hatch in May or June, and then the larvae bore into the stems of wild plants. Later, the larvae move on to cultivated plants, where they again bore into the stems. In August the larvae become pupae in the stems of the cultivated plants. Then about three weeks later, they come out as adults and lay their eggs on wild plants.

    Burning the wild plants in later autumn or early spring can greatly reduce the number of stalk borers that attack cultivated plants.

    Part B
    Seattle, the largest city in the Pacific Northwest, is the principal center for trade, finance, marketing, and manufactory in the state of Washington. It is also one of the world¬ðs most scenic cities, built on hilly ground between saltwater Puget Sound and freshwater Lake Washington. The city itself is home to almost half a million people.

    Seattle is situated in lowland amid mountains and forests. It is sheltered from extremes of heat and cold and from most severe storms by the Cascade and Olympic mountain ranges. Its climate is mild and moist, with the heaviest rainfall from October through March.

    Seattle is famous for Boeing aircraft, especially jetª²powered transports and military planes. But it is also a center of other economic activities. Some are traditional, based on forest products, fisheries, and international trade. Others include medical services and the regional headquarters of banking, retailing, and other business firms.

    Creative arts have flourished in Seattle, as can be seen in the theater, opera house, and exhibition buildings in Seattle Center, site of the 21 Century Exposition of 1962. The Space Needle, symbol of the fair, towers above the center. Museums include the Seattle Art Museum and the Museum of History and Industry. University and community college campuses offer a variety of educational opportunities. The University of Washington is the region¬ðs largest university.

    Seattle has become known as one of the most desirable places in which to live in the United States. The natural environment is preserved by controls on how land is used and by efforts to reduce pollution. The city¬ðs vast park system includes open areas, playgrounds, and a zoo. Professional teams in baseball, football, and basketball play in a modern domed stadium. And the mountains and water around Seattle offer yearª²round opportunities for recreation.

    Part C
    Passage 1
    Landlady: 8765862.
    Student: Hello, Is that Mrs. Davies?
    Landlady: Speaking.
    Student: Good afternoon. My name¬ðs Stephen Brent. I was given your address by the student accommodation agency. I understand you have a room to let.
    Landlady: Yes, that¬ðs right. I¬ðve just got one room still vacant. It¬ðs an attic room, on the second floor. It¬ðs rather small.
    Student: I see. And how much do you charge for it?
    Landlady: The rent¬ðs twentyª²five pounds a week. That includes electricity, but no gas.
    Student:  What about furniture? Is it furnished?
    Landlady: Yes. There¬ðs a divan bed in the corner with a new mattress on it. And there¬ðs a small wardrobe, an armchair, and a coffee table.
    Student: Is there a desk?
    Landlady: Yes, there is one under the window. It¬ðs got plenty of drawers and a lamp on it.
    Student: Good... Is there a washbasin in the room?
    Landlady: No, I¬ðm afraid there is not a washbasin in the room. But there¬ðs a bathroom just across the corridor, and that¬ðs got a washbasin and shower as well as a bath. You share the bathroom with the people in the other rooms. The toilet is separate, but it¬ðs on the floor below.
    Student: What about cooking? Can I cook my own meals?
    Landlady: Well, there is a little kitchenette next to your room. It hasn¬ðt got a proper cooker in it, but there is a gas ring and an electric kettle by the sink.
    Student: I see. And is the room fairly quiet?
    Landlady: Yes. It¬ðs at the back of the house. It looks onto the garden and it faces south, it is very attractive.
    Student: I¬ðm very interested. It sounds like the kind of room I¬ðm looking for. Can you tell me how to get there?
    Landlady: Oh, it¬ðs very easy. The house is only five minutes¬ð walk from Finchley Road tube station. Turn right outside the station, and then it¬ðs the third street on the left. You can¬ðt miss it. It¬ðs got the number on the gate.  Passage 2
    The earliest histories were not written, but oralª²songs and sagas such as the battle and adventure tales told by the poet Homer in the Iliad and the Odyssey. The wondering bards who passed these stories from generation to generation made no attempt to sort out fact from fiction.
    For them, the grand legends of gods and supernatural heroes were as real and important as actual events. Today we know that many of these ancient sagas, although exaggerated do have a real basis in fact.
    The story of the Trojan War, told in the Iliad, was long thought to be pure fiction; however, today we can visit the ruins of Trojan and walk through the gateway, guarded by a ruined tower, through which the Trojan soldiers marched out to meet the forces of the invading Greeks. What¬ðs more, the man who discovered the ruins of this city made use of no document or research materials other than Homer¬ðs description of its location.
    The ¡°oneª²eyed giant¡± who hurled rocks down upon Odysseus¬ð ship in the Odyssey has been identified as the volcano of Mount Etna, which has frequently poured out rocky death, and whose cone can glow like a single eye against the dark of night. Nearby, in the sea off the coast of Sicily, lie some huge and rough rocks, which look as if a giant might have hurled them there, just as Odysseus¬ð homecoming sailors reported.

    Passage 3
    The Japanese love to give gifts. This habit is not practiced only on special occasions, but it¬ðs widely accepted as a social duty and obligation. Giftª²giving is an accepted practice encountered everyday, from taking a little something to a neighbor to receiving an extra radish from the greengrocer.

    For the Japanese, giftª²giving at its finest is a token of appreciation, and at its worst, a competition. When you return a gift, yours must be better and more expensive. In turn, the gift you will receive will be better and more expensive than the one you gave. The value of the gifts increases successively.

    Although this may seem extreme to Americans, the notion of giftª²giving is not alien to us. We have all given or received gifts. The Japanese just integrate it into a part of the dayª²toª²day life.

    Now, the following pointers will guide you to know how and when to give and receive gifts.

    Devalue the gift you give. The important thing is to act and seem humble. Denigrate your gift as much as possible.

    Praise the gift you receive. Over praising the gift is the key. It¬ðs also important to praise the taste of the giftª²giver.

    Choose perishable or edible gifts. Don¬ðt buy things such as ornaments, vases and kitchenware, but choose things like fruits, smoked salmon, and canned goods.

    Wrap all gifts attractively.

    You should also look out for colors. Red and white are used for Valentine¬ðs Day; red and green for Christmas; gold and silver for wedding.

    Day 67
    Answers:
    Part A
    1. poverty2. survival3. education4. 405. 4

    Part B
    6. smokers¬ð habits7. heavy smoking8. seventeen9. twice10.doctorPart C
    11. B12. C13. D14. D15. C16. D17. A18. D19. C20. C

    Typescript
    Part A
    Excessive poverty is probably more prevalent in the United States than in any of the countries that have better infant mortality rates and female life expectancy at birth. This is probably true for all but four of five of the countries with a longer male life expectancy. In the notably poor countries that exceed us in male survival, difficult living conditions are a more accepted way of life, and, in several of them, a good basic diet, basic medical care, basic education and lifelong employment opportunities are an everyday fact of life. In the United States a national unemployment level of 10 percent may be 40 percent in the ghetto, while less than 4 percent elsewhere. The countries that have surpassed us in health do not have severe or entrenched problems. Nor are such a high proportion of their people involved in them.

    Part B
    Interviewer:Excuse me, madam.
    Mrs. Bradley: Yes?
    Interview:  I wonder whether you¬ðd help us. We¬ðre doing a survey on smokers¬ð habits. Would you mind ...?
    Mrs. Bradley: Well all right. I can spare that I suppose.
    Interviewer: You are a smoker... of course?
    Mrs. Bradley: Yes I am afraid I am.
    Interviewer: Would you describe yourself as being a heavy smoker?
    Mrs. Bradley: Heavy... No. I would not call three packets of twenty a week heavy smoking. That not even ten a day. No... a light smoker... My husband ... he is different...He smokes twenty or more a day.
    Interviewer:  Right. Now let¬ðs keep to you Mrs. Bradley. When and why ¡ª if that is not asking too much ¡ª did you begin to smoke? Can you remember?
    Mrs. Bradley: Yes. I remember very well. I am thirtyª²two now...so I must have been seventeen...You know ¡ª at that age you want to do everything your friends do. So when my boyfriend ¡ª not my husband ¡ª when he offered me a cigarette I accepted it.
    Interviewer: I see. That is very clear. Now ... Might I ask if you have ever tried to give up smoking?
    Mrs. Bradley: Yes ¡ª twice. The first time was about six months before getting married. Oh that was because I was saving up and...yes... So I decided to give it up ¡ª but only succeeded I am afraid in cutting it down. I still smoked a little...
    Interviewer:  And the second time?
    Mrs. Bradley: On the second time I did manage to give up completely for a while. I was expecting... and the doctor advised me not to smoke at all. I went for about seven or eight months without a single cigarette.

    Part C
    Passage 1
    The BBC World Service is the world¬ðs biggest radio network, with 140 million listeners across the globe, broadcasting in 44 languages, heard on short wave, medium wave, FM and satellite. We have an ambitious plan for the brand new technology of Digital Broadcasting by Satellite, due to start next year. The appearance of the Internet has taken us broadcasters all by surprise. The Internet makes any radio station anywhere become an international broadcaster with only a minor investment. Although its sound quality is far from perfect, it excels that of short wave. Internet radio does not only mean competition but also great opportunities. The BBC is taking the Internet very seriously, for it is a cheap way of getting reasonable quality signal to places in the world that even our shortª²wave transmissions cannot adequately reach. Very recently, we launched ¡°BBC Onª²Line¡±, which incorporates a 24ª²hour new service. And the users can hear programs in Mandarin, Arabic, Spanish and Russian.

    Passage 2
    The women¬ðs liberation movement of the 1960¬ðs can be traced to a variety of sources. For many women, the issues behind the women¬ðs revolt were defined in 1963 by Betty Friedan in The Feminine Mystique, a book in which she discussed the profound discontent of the middleª²class, collegeª²educated housewife who finds herself tied to a house in the suburbs and expected to find personal fulfillment through her husband and her children. Other women joined the movement as a result of disillusioning experiences in the radical student movement of the middle 1960¬ðs. Many young women activists working in the civil rights movement and a variety of collegeª²based organizations found themselves assigned by male associates to the stereotyped female roles, such as typing, cooking, housekeeping, and providing sexual companionship. In recent years, still another source of support for the movement has been a group composed mainly of poor black women, the increasingly militant National Welfare Rights Organization, which is fighting to improve national welfare programs. On occasion, the different groups of the new women¬ðs rights movement have cooperated to bring their cases against male supremacy dramatically before the public eye. For instance, a broadª²based association of groups participated in the Women¬ðs Strike for Equality on August 26,1970, the fiftieth anniversary of the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment giving women the right to vote. As a result, however, the various women¬ðs groups function independently, seeking different, specific goals related to the liberation of women.

    Passage 3
    There was a time when, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer her his seat. No more, though. Today a gentleman will probably look out to the window, or, if he feels a bit guilty, hide behind his newspaper. Either way, the lady will have to stand until someone else gets off.

    You can¬ðt entirely blame men for this change in manners, though. The days are gone when women could be referred to as the weaker sex without causing offence. A whole generation of women has grown up demanding equality with men; not just equality in jobs or education, but in social attitudes. Hold a door open for some women and you are likely to get an angry lecture on treating women as inferiors, unable to open doors for themselves. Take a girl out for a meal and she will probably insist on paying her share of the bill; though on second thoughts perhaps that is not such a bad idea.

    It is no wonder, then, that men have given up some of the automatic gestures of politeness and consideration that they used to show towards women.      On the other hand, automatic male politeness is perhaps slowly being replaced by true consideration for the needs and feelings of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings.

    Day 68
    Answers:
    Part A
    1.  cloudy2. 3-53. Ireland4. -105. gales

    Part B
    6. Economic Offices7. tutorial8. orientation meeting9. 4:3010. 90%

    Part C
    11. B12. A13.  C14. D15. C16. A17. C18. C19. D20. C

    Typescript
    Part A
    Let¬ðs take a look now at the weather for the next twentyª²four hours across the country. Well, in South England and Midlands it¬ðll be mainly cloudy with showers or longer spells of rain, and there will be quite a cold wind coming from the west creating temperatures around 3-5 degrees Celsius. And in Wales and Northern Ireland, there will be a mixture of sunny spells and drizzle in the day, and in the evening there will be a strong northeast wind causing the temperature to be lower than yesterday, around 2-4 degrees. There¬ðs a cold front from the north, so in Scotland and Northern Ireland, there¬ðll be heavy rain and snow over the highest ground. The temperature will drop to below freezing, -3 degrees Celsius or -5 degrees Celsius and on the highest spots -10 degree Celsius. It is expected to be cold and very windy everywhere with gales in places and severe gales in parts of the north. Good weather is along the east coast of England. It will be warmer than yesterday, no winds, and sunshine, so if you are thinking about a vocation this weekend, now is the time to do it.

    Part B
    M:male student
    F: female lecturer
    M: Hello, can I come in?
    F: Oh, yes, come in. How can I help you?
    M: I was looking for the Economics Office. I have been all over the Arts faculty building looking for it but I could only find the School of Accounting and Economics History. Is this the right place?
    F: Yes, this is the School of Economics.
    M: Oh, good. I¬ðm a new student and I was wondering if someone could give me some information.
    F: Well, I might be able to help. I lecture on that program. What do you need to know?
    M: Quite a few things, actually. Firstly, how many lectures a week do I have to attend?
    F: Ah, well, the Economics one course is a double unit so there are two lectures a week and one tutorial. The lectures are scheduled for Tuesday and Thursday.
    M: What time?
    F: Let me see... you know this information is all in the handout that you should have received yesterday at the orientation meeting.
    M: Oh, was there a meeting yesterday? I did not know about that ...no one mentioned....
    F: Yes, there was, but never mind. Now lectures are at four in the afternoon.
    M: Four is a bit late. I¬ðve got a part time job that starts at four thirty.
    F: Well you can¬ðt be in two places at once, and attendance at lectures is necessary. We expect at least 90 percent attendance at this university, you know.
    M: 90 percent! That is high. Do they enforce that rule?
    F: Yes, we do. We are pretty strict about it actually.
    M: And what times have been set down for the tutorials ¡ª do you have that information?
    F: That¬ðs very well attended course so there are a number of tutorials times. Monday, Wednesday and Friday. All at 9 o¬ðclock. Yours will be allocated at the first lecture.
    M: Can¬ðt I choose the time?
    F: Maybe, maybe not. You will have to talk to the lecturer on the course. Dr. Roberts is his name.
    M: Oh, ok.

    Part C
    Passage 1
    More than sixty American servicemen wounded by Tuesday¬ðs terrorist truck bombing in Saudi Arabia are on their way to a US army hospital in Germany. Several of the wounded will undergo immediate surgery. The bodies of the 19 US servicemen killed by the massive blast at Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, arrived back here in the United States on Thursday. President Clinton will attend their funerals at a US airª²force base in Florida on Sunday after the economic summit in France. At the bomb site, US and Saudi investigators are searching through the rubble of the destroyed US housing compound, looking for clues to help determine responsibility. The Dhahran attack was the second against Americans in seven months, five Americans were killed in the earlier blast, Saudi Arabia executed the convicted bombers and swore to hunt down and punish those behind the latest attack.

    Passage 2
    Many businesses, such as department stores, restaurant, hotels and airline companies, use a credit system for selling their products and services. In a credit system, the seller agrees to sell something to the buyer without immediately receiving cash. The buyer receives the goods or services immediately and promises to pay for them later. This ¡°buyª²nowª²payª²later¡± credit system is quite old. People have been buying things on credit for centuries. But nowadays people use a credit card.
    There are two types of credit cards. One type is issued directly by a store to a customer. Many large department stores issue credit cards to their customers. The store credit card can be used to make purchases only at a particular store. The other kind of credit cards is issued by a credit company. Credit cards from credit companies can be used to buy things almost anywhere. If you have a major credit card, you can buy airplane tickets, stay at hotels, and eat at restaurants with it. Most large credit companies are connected to large banks. So if you want a credit card from a credit company, you generally have to make an application at a bank. After an applicant receives a credit card, he or she can make purchases, using the cards.

    Passage 3
    You may wonder why you should improve your vocabulary. You may be satisfied with it. You can talk, understand other people when they talk, and read. Why learn fancy words that you will not use? Perhaps the impressive reason for vocabulary development is that a good vocabulary and success are synonymous. A good vocabulary can be an economic advantage. An institution for testing people¬ðs attitudes, the Human Engineering Laboratory, found that a good vocabulary is the only trait common to successful people. The Lab has found that the highest scores on vocabulary tests have been made by people getting the highest pay. Why? Dr. Johnson O¬ðConnor, the Lab¬ðs director, explains it this way: ¡°Words are tools of thought.¡± It is through words that people grasp the thoughts of others and do their own thinking. A good vocabulary also means academic success. There is a direct link between verbal ability and scores on an intelligence or achievement tests. It may be unfair for someone¬ðs intelligence to be judged on the basis of a verbal test. But students are still being judged this way. Many teachers think that the results of an IQ test and a vocabulary test will be about the same. And both predict success. According to a guide book for the Teaching of Reading, in a vocabulary test with a scale of 100, students who score 65-70 and up will likely be successful in college. Those scoring from 35 to 70 will probably have moderate success and will complete college. Those in the lowest third will probably be the ones who are constantly in trouble academically, or who leave the campus before receiving a degree. The book also notes, however, that if ¡°these lowª²scoring students apply themselves to improving their vocabulary, they will have less and less trouble in their college work.¡±

    Day 69
    Answers:
    Part A
    1. summer2. 6003. ferry4. 165.1050

    Part B
    6. in Speaker Catalogue7. make a note8. reserving it/to reserve it9. class number 10.librarian

    Part C
    11. B12. D13. C14. D15. C16. A17. B18. D19. C20. B

    Part A
    W:Haven¬ðt seen you for some days, Mr. Thomson. I heard you and your wife went to the Isle of Wight for summer holiday.
    M:  Yes, but it was by no means a pleasant trip with the hotel which arranged by the travel agency, whose name was Happytour.
    W:  What happened?
    M:  Well, my wife and I stayed at the hotel described in their brochure as a comfortable, mediumª²sized hotel, with a magnificent view of the sea, offering courteous service and excellent local food.
    W:  That sounds marvelous.
    M:  In fact the hotel is situated at least 600 meters from the sea; our room overlooked a car park.
    W:  That must be very noisy. What about the service? Not worse than that, I guess?
    M:  The food was strictly beef burgers and chips. The majority of the staff was foreign and virtually incapable of understanding English.
    W:  Really unimaginable.
    M:  But what  made me mad most was their arrangements for our coming back. We were asked to catch the 11 a.m. train but at last we were told that there were no tickets left and had to catch the ferry instead.
    W:  When did you come back?
    M:  According to the plan we would return at 3 o¬ðclock in the afternoon. But we didn¬ðt get home until 6 o¬ðclock that night.
    W:  How about the money?
    M:  We paid $1ª°050 for this trip which I believe is a waste of money.

    Part B
    You will probably be looking for a book in one of two ways: either you will know the author and title of the book, or you will want a book on a particular subject.
    Let¬ðs start with what to do if you know the author¬ðs name and the title of the book. The first thing to do is to look up the author¬ðs name in the card Catalogue. If you can find a card for the book you want, then make a note on a piece of paper of three things: the author, the title and the class number. Now find the class number on the library shelves. There are notices on the bookcases called shelf guides, which show you what class numbers are on each shelf.
    If you find the book you want on the shelf, and you want to borrow it, take it to the Issue Desk. If you cannot find the book on the shelf, it means that someone else has borrowed it, so you should ask the librarian to reserve it for you.
    Now let¬ðs deal with the second situation. For example, if you find that the book you were looking for is not in stock, look up the subject in the Subject Index. This will tell you the class number of the subject. If you cannot find the subject you want in Index, ask the librarian for help. But usually you¬ðll find a class number, and the next thing to do is to look this class number up in the Subject Catalogue. Look through the cards for the class number and see if there is a suitable book. If there is, make a note of the author, title and class number and find it on the shelves. If there isn¬ðt a suitable book on the cards, it¬ðs a good idea to ask the librarian for help.

    Part C
    Passage 1 {Hª²hostess, Gª²guest}
    H: Good evening, sir. Would you like a table for two?
    G: Yes, please.
    H: Do you have a reservation?
    G: Yes, the name is Johnson.
    H: Just a moment, please. I will take a look at our reservation book. Yes. A table for two at 8:00. Come this way, please.
    G: Thank you.
    H Would you please take your seats? Here is the menu for this evening.
    G: Now let¬ðs see.
    H: (after waiting for a moment) Are you ready to order now?
    G: No, we are still looking at the menu. Maybe you could recommend something for the main courses. We are just new here and don¬ðt know much about Chinese food.
    H: We have all kinds of Chinese food and wine at your choice. I can recommend our special dishes: plain steamed crabs, saut¨¦ed beef with tomato sauce and deepª²fried redª²scale fish. Our chef¬ðs special is vegetable with crabmeat, they really taste god. I¬ðm sure you will like them.
    G: Sounds great. We¬ðll take the chef¬ðs special today and the first two.
    H: So you want plain steamed crabs, saut¨¦ed beef with tomato sauce, vegetable with crabmeat and a salad.
    G: Right. Do you have a wine list?
    H: Yes, here you are. We offer mineral water, tea, cocoa, Chinese QingDao beer and Maotai.
    G: What¬ðs Maotai?
    H: It¬ðs one of the best liquor in China made from grain; the taste is a little bit strong.
    G: I like a strong taste. By the way, is there anything else besides that?
    H: If you prefer something milder, there is rice wine.
    G: Fine, I¬ðll take it.
    H: OK, just a moment, please.

    Passage 2
    A: I hear that traveler¬ðs checks can also be used out of the country, too.
    B: Yes, they can.
    A: Can you tell me more about that?
    B: It¬ðs money but it¬ðs not money.
    A: Why?
    B: In fact the traveler¬ðs check is a type of personal check that people all over the world have agreed to honor. In other words, it¬ðs a piece of paper you use instead of cash.
    A: What do you mean when you say it¬ðs not money?
    B: If you lose your checks, the value will not be replaced because they cannot be cashed by anybody but the owner of the checks.
    A: Can I close my account and buy $1ª°000 worth of traveler¬ðs checks and give me the rest of my deposit in cash?
    B: Sure we can. In what denomination, please?
    A: Ten fifties and the rest twenties and tens.
    B: Please sign on the top line of each check. Be sure that when you want to cash the check or purchase things with it, you sign again on the bottom line.
    A: Can I sign in advance?
    B: No. You must sign it and date it in front of the person who cashes your check or sells you things. He will compare the two signatures to see whether they are the same.
    A: What can I do if someone steals my checks and copies my signature?
    B: You should write your check numbers on this sheet and keep it separate from your checks. So if you lose them, you call us immediately and tell us the numbers and we will give you cash refund or replace the checks.
    A: How much do the checks cost?
    B: They cost one percent of your total amount of purchase.
    A: Thank you very much.

    Passage 3
    The British people enjoy various kinds of activities in leisure time. Their enthusiasm for sports is well known in the world. The following part is a general introduction for their activities.
    Football
    Most sport today is the work of skilled professionals. Football, or ¡°soccer¡± is an example of a professional game. The game of football or soccer was first played in Britain and then spread to other countries. Now all countries hope to compete for the World Cup. However, there are still plenty of amateur soccer players in Britain who enjoy playing the game on Saturday or Sunday afternoons. Amateur clubs can compete against the professionals in the English Football Association Cup competition.
    Rugby football
    Rugby football, or rigger, is another popular British sport, which is played in other countries. The story is told that in 1823, boys at Rugby School in England were playing football in the normal way, when suddenly one boy picked the ball up and ran with it, so a new game was born.
    There are two forms of rugby football. Rugby Union is the amateur game and Rugby League is the professional one.
    The two games have different areas. Rugby League is mainly played in the North of England. Rugby Union is the national sport of Wales.

    Day 70
    Answers:
    Part A
    1. 2052. shopping3. 5ª°2044. 255. traveler

    Part B
    6. January 17. making noise8. drums and sticks9. have good time10. blackª²eyed peas

    Part C
    11. D12. B13. A14. C15. C16. A17. D18. B19.D20. C

    Tapescript
    Part A(Aª²tour guide, Bª²cashier)
    B: Good morning, can I help you?
    A: We¬ðd like to check out now. Would you please give me our bill?
    B: Certainly. What¬ðs the room numbers and your name, please?
    A: We were in room 204,205,206,207,208,209 and 210. I¬ðm Jenny, the tour guide of the tour group. My room number is 205.
    B: Just a moment, please, Jenny. I¬ðll have your bill ready in a minute. By the way, your final bill for yesterday¬ðs dinner hasn¬ðt reached me yet. I need to contact the restaurant to ask them to send the bill here at once. Would you please wait a minute?
    A: OK. But would you mind making it quickly? We¬ðre in a hurry. We¬ðd like to go downtown for shopping.
    B: I see. I won¬ðt keep you waiting more than half a minute. (After a while) Sorry to keep you waiting. Here is the bill. It totals $5ª°204.
    A: Let me see. What¬ðs this item, please?
    B: Oh, this $25 is for the longª²distance call to England. Ms. Smith made it last night.
    A: I see. But the amount of money paid by our Travel Company does not include charges for phone calls. This amount should be paid to you separately by Ms. Smith.
    B: I¬ðm sorry to have included this in the bill. I¬ðll make out your bill anew.
    A: Thanks. Do you accept traveler checks?
    B: Yes, of course.

    Part B
    Every culture and every country in the world celebrates the New Year, but not every one does it in the same way. The countries of America and Europe welcome the New Year on January 1. This practice began with the Romans. Julius Caesar changed the date of the New Year from the first day of March to the first day of January. In the Middle East, the New Year is when spring begins. People in China and Vietnam celebrate on the first day of their calendar based on the moon. The day usually comes between January 21 and February 19.
    In all of these cultures, there is a practice of making noise. People made noises in old times to drive away the evil spirits from the home. In Japan, people go from house to house making noise with drums and sticks. Young people in Denmark throw broken pieces of pottery against the sides of their friends¬ð houses.
    In the United States, many people stay up till midnight on New Year¬ðs Eve to watch the time pass from one year to the next. Friends often gather together at a party on New Year¬ðs Eve, and when the New Year comes, all bells ring; people blow whistles, sing and kiss each other. A favorite Scottish song was sang by everyone together, the words of which tell that old friends have good time. Blackª²eyed peas, which are eaten immediately after midnight, are a favorite food. They are supposed to bring good luck to the person who eats them as his or her first food in the New Year. There is an enjoyable atmosphere all over the world.

    Part C
    Passage 1
    M:Hello, Susan. What are you doing going through all those newspapers?
    W: Oh hello David. I¬ðm trying to find a flat and I¬ðve got to go through all these advertisements. I just can¬ðt find anything good.
    M: Do you want to share or just want a flat on your own?
    W: Well, you know Sara and Mary? I¬ðd really like to share with them.
    M: Well, I know of an empty flat. I don¬ðt know if you¬ðd like it though. It¬ðs on the number ten bus route in Woodside Road.
    W: Oh, the ten bus is the one that brings me to work. It would be a marvelous place. How many rooms has it got?
    M: Well, it has a kitchen and a bathroom. Apart from that I think it has two bedrooms and a sittingª²room.
    W: Two bedrooms. I suppose two of us could share, or one of us could sleep in the sittingª²room. How much is the rent?
    M: I think they want $21 a week for it.
    W: That¬ðs fine, that would be $7 each. I don¬ðt really want to spend more than $7.
    M: But you see the trouble is it might be a bit noisy. Woodside Road is really quite busy. It¬ðs on the bus route after all. With all that traffic going past I don¬ðt know if you¬ðd really like it.
    W: That doesn¬ðt matter, we¬ðll be out all day. It would be marvelous to be on the ten bus route, we wouldn¬ðt have to walk and we¬ðd get to work so quickly. Thanks so much, David. I will tell Sara and Mary.
    M: Well, I hope it¬ðs what you want.
    W: Yes, thanks a lot.

    Passage 2
    W: Would you like to watch TV?
    M: TV? Where did you get a TV?
    W: We bought it secondª²hand from one who put up a notice on the university bulletin board. It seems to have a pretty clear picture.
    M: Good. But now that you have two cassette recorders and a TV in the house, you¬ðd better make sure your apartment is well protected.
    W: Why?
    M: You know the Taylor¬ðs family?
    W: The people who live above us?
    M: Yes. They were robbed two days ago.
    W: How awful. How did it happen?
    M: Very simple. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor went to sleep and forgot to lock the window that leads out onto their fire escape. A burglar came in the window and cleaned them out.
    W: What do you mean ¡°cleaned them out¡±?
    M: I don¬ðt mean he washed the floors for them. I mean he took everything of any value: money, watches, TV, record player, everything.
    W: Do our windows have locks?
    M: Let¬ðs have a look. Yes, this window has two kinds of locks. This one on the top just twists to lock when the window is closed, and this window guard allows you to leave the window open a little, but prevents it from being opened any further.
    W: Couldn¬ðt the burglar just smash the window?
    M: Sure. But it makes a lot of noise and increases his risks.
    W: How did the burglar carry the TV and all those things down the fire escape from their apartment?
    M: He didn¬ðt. He had a buddy at the front door. He opened the door, passed out the stuff and closed the door behind him.
    W: Well, I guess the Taylor¬ðs family was lucky that they didn¬ðt get hurt.
    M: Yeah, lucky and smart.
    W: What do you mean?
    M: They did the smart thing. They heard the burglar, but they stayed in bed, were very quiet and pretended to be asleep. When the burglars left, they called the police immediately.
    W: What if you see a person out on your fire escape trying to get in?
    M: Then you do the opposite, make lots of noise and start shouting and screaming and call the police immediately.
    W: Thanks for all the advice. We¬ðll try to follow it.
    M: Please do. I don¬ðt want to be told any burglary stories happened to my friends you and your roommates.

    Passage 3
    When Elvis Presley died on August 16, 1997, he began to be recognized as an American myth. Today, there are over 625 active Elvis fan clubs worldwide. Graceland, Elvis¬ð home and eternal resting place, is a shrine for many of his fans. Welcoming almost 700ª°000 visitors each year, the mansion is one of the mostª²visited historic homes in America.
    So why, after all these years, is the world stuck on Elvis? The answers lies in culture: Elvis Presley is American myth personified. He is greater than the sum of his songs and movies; he symbolizes the American dream. Born in poverty in 1935, Elvis used his innate talent and started his career in 1954. He rose above his condition and achieved his dreams, without coming from a socially connected, politically powerful, or wealthy family. Globally, he has sold over ten billion records, more than any other artist, only to die young and leave behind a growing legion of fans.
    Those fans choose to overlook Elvis drug dependency and other excessive behavior, preferring instead to recall what they saw as his better nature. During his lifetime, Elvis donated money to charities and bought gifts for the poor and for his family and friends. Furthermore, the hometown boy, young Elvis, who made good, never left the comfort of Memphis, always keeping close to his roots, remembering the people and the places from which he came.