以下信息来自双博士提供的《2006年研究生入学考试英语标准阅读理解220篇》，未经允许，不得转载。

　　三、猜测词义及概念性含义的提问方式

　　这种题型就是理解文章中某一个词、词组或短语的含义，而理解这些词的含义主要是通过上下文的各种关系。包括词与词、短语与短语以及句子之间的关系等。

　　(一)掌握命题方式

　　常见的命题方式有：

　　①The phrase “...”(in line...) most probably means .

　　②As used in the passage, the phrase “...” suggests .

　　③What does the author probably mean by “...” in... Paragraph?

　　④By “...”, the writer means .

　　(二)根据构词法和上下文推断词义

　　在任何阅读理解材料中，我们都不可避免地遇到不熟悉的词或词组，或者认识的单词在文中有了新的意义。当然我们可以查字典找出它们的意思，但是这样我们的阅读速度会大大减慢，并且在考试中是不允许考生查字典的。如果这些词或短语不影响对文章主要内容的理解，我们便可以将它们略过，继续阅读。如果了解这些词语的意思对准确理解文章很重要，这时我们就必须对这些生词的词义进行猜测，使之不影响对整篇文章的理解。因此，熟练地掌握判断词义这种技巧是非常有益的。需要注意的是，一个单词通常有好几个意思，我们要了解的是这些词在文中所表达的意思，因此，不可脱离上、下文，只根据自己了解的词义来确定其意义。

　　例：1994年第2篇阅读理解考研题

　　One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit on stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizon-its already here.

　　While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom.

　　This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing, which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.

　　Manufacturers for similar reasons rely on computers. Computer analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.

　　Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computer.

55According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to .
A. withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes
B. obtain more convenient services than other people do
C. enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper
D. cash money wherever he wishes to

56From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that .
A. in the future all the Americans will use credit cards
B. credit cards are mainly used in the United States today
C. nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash
D. it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before

57The phrase“ring up sales”(Line 2, Para.2) most probably means“”.
A. make an order of goods
B. record sales on a cash register
C. call the sales manager
D. keep track of the goods in stock

58What is this passage mainly about?
A. Approaches to the commercial use of computers.
B. Conveniences brought about by computers in business.
C. Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.
D. Advantages of credit cards in business.

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