16. humanity 人类，人性

　　He is publishing a paper which not only suggests that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about.

　　他的正在发表的一篇论文不仅暗示出某个人类群体会比其他群体更聪明，还解释了这种现象产生的过程。

　　His concern is mainly with the humanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on.

　　他主要关注的是人文学科：文学，语言，哲学等等。

　　17. revival 复活，复兴

　　Is there any chance that Cardus's criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote.

　　卡杜斯的批判性评论有机会复活吗?这看来很遥远。

　　18. amateur 业余爱好者

　　Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.

　　另外，音乐评论中的业余爱好者传统在急剧衰退。

　　19. corporation 公司

　　Corporations could use such approaches to introduce new routines.

　　公司应当采用这些方法来塑造新的惯例。

　　It's a self-examination that has involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.

　　这是一种自我检查，其中包含责任、创造性自由和公司底线等问题。

　　20. economy 经济，经济体

　　Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.

　　富裕国家不像过去那么依赖石油，因此对油价波动就不那么敏感。

　　21. adolescent 青少年

　　Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal.

　　口香糖曾经主要是青少年购买，现在则经常出现在商业广告中，用来使口气清新，以及用来在餐后清洁牙齿。

　　22. juvenile青少年

　　Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence.

　　很多关于青少年违法原因的理论都把主要影响原因归于个人或社会。

　　23. jury 陪审团

　　Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values.

　　很多美国人把陪审团制度看作关键民主价值的具体表现。

　　24. qualification 资格

　　There is a principle that all citizens should meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy.

　　有一个原则，那就是所有公民应当符合年龄和识字能力方面的最低资格要求。

　　25. specialization 专门化

　　Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge.

　　专门化可以看作是对科学知识不断积累的一种响应。

　　26. prerequisite 先决条件

　　Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career.

　　专业化使得博士学位成为成功学术生涯的先决条件。

　　27. connotation 内涵

　　The word "amateur" does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values.

　　"业余爱好者"一词的确带有这样一种内涵，那就是，没有完全整合进科学界的人不会分享其价值观。

　　28. prospect 前景

　　Losing a job is hurting: you don't skip down to the job center with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state.

　　失去工作是痛苦的：你不可能唱着歌蹦蹦跳跳地来到就业中心，心里高兴地想着这个慷慨的国家会让你的收入翻番。

　　29. prosperity 繁荣

　　"The Heart of the Matter," the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America.

　　"物质的核心"是美国艺术与科学研究院刚发表的一篇报告，这篇报告肯定了人文学科和社会科学对于美国自由民主的繁荣与安全的重要性，因此是值得表扬的。

　　30. intelligence 智力，智能

　　Jury duty was once limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character.

　　陪审团的职责曾经仅限于那些具有卓越智力、教育背景和道德素养的人。

　　Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results.

　　事实上，对于人工智能的探索所获得的结果是非常复杂的。