一般而言，根据功能，“路标”词和词组可分为以下几类：

　　1. 最常见的一类表示“继续前进”，即继续看下去；如：furthermore, likewise, also, moreover, and , more, equally important, another, first, second, in addition to, more than that...等。

　　2. 表“注意转弯”的词和词组最常见的有：but, yet, while, whereas, nevertheless, otherwise, although, though, despite, instead, in spite of, on the contrary, however, notwithstanding, rather, in contrast等，这些词前后是转折或对比的关系，或者说前后的观点是相反的。

　　3. 此外，还有一些表示空间位置，目的，强调，举例，条件的路标词总结如下：

　　空间位置：near, far, beside, next to, above, on the side of, across, behind

　　目的：for this purpose, so that, in order to

　　强调：indeed, in fact, surely, certainly, to be sure, I am certain

　　举例：for example, for instance, specifically, to be specific, in particular, to illustrate this, thus

　　条件：in that case, that being so, in these circumstances, if, unless, otherwise.

　　这些路标词希望各位考生要熟记在心，在阅读文章时多加注意，通过这些词的识别去把握作者的观点及行文框架，对我们解题是大有裨益的。